Introduction: Acute transfusion reactions (ATR) are commonly reported in clinical transfusion practice, which may result in significant morbidity and mortality. This study aims to explore the impact of transfusion practice on the prevalence, characteristics, and associated factors of ATR at Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah, Malaysia. Methods: This was a retrospective study using records from haemovigilance forms of reported transfusion reactions, E-Delphyn (blood bank system), and E-His (hospital information system). A total of 118 cases of ATR from January 1, 2015 until December 31, 2017 were selected and analysed. For each case, a control was selected from a patient who did not develop ATR. Results: A total of 122,215 units of whole blood and blood component transfusions have been performed and 415 ATR were reported. The prevalence of ATR was 0.34% or one in 294 units transfused. There was a significant association between ATR and red cell concentrate (RCC) stored for more than 14 days (adj OR = 65.29, 95% CI 9.29-458.85). The most common ATR were allergic reactions with 63 cases (53.4%), followed by febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR) with 45 cases (38.1%). Allergic reactions were significantly associated with female patients (p = 0.038) and the paediatrics age group (p = 0.038). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between FNHTR and RCC stored more than 14 days (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The prevalence of ATR in this hospital was low and associated with RCC stored for more than 14 days. Implementation of pre-storage leucoreduction is recommended.

Introduction: Many countries struggle to supply enough blood while maintaining their quality and safety. Increasing the number of regular donors is expected to increase the donor pool and blood safety. Thus, this study describes lapsed and regular blood donors’ characteristics, knowledge, motivation, and barriers concerning blood donation. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study has adopted an assisted self-administered questionnaire, which was distributed to blood donors at the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah. A total of 328 participants consisting of 164 lapsed and 164 regular donors were selected. Logistic regression tests were used to determine the factors that predict lapsed donors. Results: Out of the selected 328 respondents, 54.3% were in the 25–39 age group, 66.2% were males, and 85.1% were Malays. Most of the respondents (88.4%) showed adequate blood donation knowledge, and 99.7% cited altruism as a motivator for blood donation. About 47.0% of the respondents claimed they lack enough time as their donation barrier. Donors who were younger in age, had a moderate blood donation knowledge (adjusted OR, 3.60; 95% CI, 1.34-9.64), didn’t know where to donate (adjusted OR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.47-5.29), lack enough time (adjusted OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.04-3.24), and insufficient information about blood donation campaigns (adjusted OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.23-3.91) were more likely to lapse. Conclusion: Donor education, convenient time and location, and sufficient information about blood donation campaigns targeted at young donors are critical for preventing lapsed donors, which could subsequently increase the regular donor pool.