Objective To investigate the approaches and clinical value of intra-abdominal fluid monitoring after laparoscopic splenectomy (LS). Methods We collected the data of 63 cases of LS performed in the West China Hospital from November 2005 to August 2008,and analyzed the level of amylase in intra-abdominal fluid,changes of color,volume,and characteristics of the drainage fluid,as well as the results of germiculture and ultrasonography. Results Among the cases,post-LS complications were detected by intra-abdominal fluid monitoring in 4 cases early after the surgery. In the four cases,2 patients showed hemorrhagic fluid (over 40 ml/h),and then was found having postoperative bleeding in the splenogastric ligament by abdominal exploration in 12 hours. In the other 2 patients,ravidous drainage fluid was detected in 6 days after the operation,and increased levels of amylase (15 189 and 9206 U/L,respectively) was revealed while germiculture was negative; pancreatic fistula (PF) was then diagnosed and somatostatin was administered. Of the 2 patients who developed PF,intra-abdominal drainage was patent in 1,and the drainage tube was withdrawn in 20 days; for the other cases who had non-patent drainage,ultrasonography-guided percutaneous puncture catheter drainage was performed,and the drainage tube was taken out in 2 months. Conclusions LS is safe,reliable,and minimally invasive. Postoperative monitoring of intra-abdominal fluid is valuable for early detection of post-LS complications.

Objective To investigate the prognosis of sepesis patients whose timing of hemopurification therapy was classified according to kidney disease:improving global outcomes acute kidney injury (KDIGO AKI) classification.Methods The clinic data of sepsis patients,who were treated with hemopurification therapy in Xiangya Hospital intensive care unit (ICU) during January 1,2014 to June 1,2014,were retrospectively analyzed.According to KGIDO AKI classification as their timing of hemopurification therapy,103 patients were divided to 2 groups,AKI Ⅰ group (n =34),AKI Ⅱ,Ⅲ group (n =69).Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE-Ⅱ),sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA),rate of multiple organ injury 7-,28-,90-days mortality rate of 2 groups were analyzed.For 90 days survivors,the length of ICU stay,hospital stay,the frequency and time of hemopurification were analyzed,respectively.Results APACHE-Ⅱ,SOFA of KDIGO AKI Ⅰ group was less than KDIGO AKI Ⅱ,Ⅲ group.KDIGO AKI I group was less on rate of 3 and ≥4 organ injury than KDIGO AKI Ⅱ,Ⅲ group.7-,28-,90-days mortality rate of KDIGO AKI I group were less than AKI Ⅱ,Ⅲ group.In 90 days survivors,length of ICU stay,hospital stay,frequency and time of hemopurification of KDIGO AKI Ⅰ group were less than AKI Ⅱ,Ⅲ group.Conclusions KDIGO AKI classification is an effective indicator to sepsis patients for hemopurification therapy.Compared to KDIGO AKI Ⅱ,Ⅲ,sepsis patients with KDIGO AKI Ⅰ were less severity and multiple organ injuries.To start hemopurification during AKI Ⅰ,it could decrease mortality rate,length of ICU stay,hospital stay,and frequency and time of hemopurification therapy.

Objective To explore the clinical value of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatic carcinoma in radial artery access. Methods From Octomber 2012 to June 2013, 15 patients with liver cancer were treated with transarterial chemoembolization via radial artery access. Results 13 cases were treated successfully via the radial artery access. One case were failed for vasospasm when puncturing left radial artery and successed via homolateral ulnar artery access. 1 case with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis received interventional therapy via right radial artery access. Conclusion The technic of transarterial chemoembolization via radial artery is safe, efficient and has fewer complications and suffering to patients.

Objective To compare the result of percutaneous or open drainage for muhilocular bacterial liver abscess. Methods The clinical data of 45 patients with multilocular bacterial liver abscess were reviewed retrospectively over the past 5 years. Twenty-one cases underwent B-us or CT-guided pereutaneons drainage (PD) and 24 received surgical drainage (SD) as the first-line treatment. The treatment outcomes in both groups were compared, and clinical end-points included time to defervescence, failure of treatment, secondary procedures, hospital stay, morbidity, and mortality. Results The time of defervesecnce was not statistically different between the two groups (4.85 day vs. 4.38 days, P＞0.05). However, patients in SD group suffered from less treatment failures (2 cases vs. 9 cases, P<0.05), less requirement for secondary procedures (1 cases vs. 11 cases,P<0.01), and shorter hospital stay (8 day vs. 11 days, P<0.05). There was no difference in morbidity or mortality rates between the two groups. Conclusions It was concluded that for multilocular liver abscess, SD provides better clinical outcomes than PD in terms of treatment success, number of secondary procedures, and hospital stay with comparable morbidity and mortality rates. SD should be considered as first-line treatment for multilocular bacterial liver abscesses.

The majority of patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy(DEE)has genetic causes and presents with cognitive impairment and severe seizures.Although controlling seizures cannot improve cognitive impairment,targeted therapy based on individualized factors,corrects pathological and physiological processes with clear molecular genetic mechanisms in DEE patients,thereby achieving good clinical outcomes.According to the study of the molecular genetic mechanisms of related DEE such as SCN1A,KCNQ2/KCNQ3,CDKL5 and PCDH19,gene therapy such as antisense oligonucleotides(ASOs),Ataluren,adenovirus vectors,and gene editing has shown great promise for treatment of DEE,among which ASOs demonstrate enormous potential for treatment of DEE.Next-generation sequencing technologies,animal models,inducing polyenergic stem cell technologies,organ clusters from patient cells,and gene editing technologies can promote the development of future targeted epilepsy therapies.

Objective:To explore the characteristics of functional connectivity (FC) and regional spontaneous brain activity in patients in a minimally-conscious state (MCS).Methods:Resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (rs-fNIRS) was used. Ten minimally-conscious patients were studied along with 12 healthy counterparts as healthy controls (HC). Five minutes of rs-fNIRS data were recorded from each subject and FC and the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs) of 53 channels were computed using the NIRS-KIT toolbox. The results were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the HC group, a significant decrease was observed in the average FC strength of seventeen channel pairs after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Most were in the right and left frontal pole, as well as the dorsolateral prefrontal lobe. Compared with the HC group, the average fALFF values of Broca′s area (channel 2), the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex (channels 4, 10, and 40), the dorsolateral prefrontal lobe (channels 6, 11, 25, 39), the eye motor area of the frontal lobe (channel 12) and the frontal pole (channels 23, 27, 36) were significantly greater in the MCS group. The fluctuations of the frontal pole (channel 19) were significantly less (after FDR correction).Conclusion:In an MCS spontaneous neural activity is over-active in the prefrontal lobe and some speech- and motor-related brain regions, and coordination of the internal prefrontal functional network is disordered.

Objective:To explore any changes in the topology of the brain′s resting-state functional networks after an ischemic stroke causing cognitive impairment (iPSCI) and their relationship with the impairment.Methods:Twenty-one patients with impaired cognition after a stroke were recruited into an iPSCI group, and 21 healthy counterparts matched in gender, age and the education level formed the control (HC) group. Three-dimensional T1-weighted anatomical images and resting state functional magnetic resonance images of all of the subjects were collected and any differences in brain network topology were analyzed using graph theory. The degree of centrality (DC), between centrality (BC) and the global topological properties of each brain region were compared using independent-sample t-tests. Spearman correlation coefficients were computed to analyze the significance of any correlation between topology differences and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) or Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scores.Results:Compared with the HC group, a significant DC increase was observed in the orbital part of the right of middle frontal gyrus (ORBmid.R), the right hippocampus (HIP.R), and the right thalamus (THA.R). There was a significant decrease in the left Rolandic operculum (ROL.L), the left postcentral gyrus (PoCG.L), the left supramarginal gyrus (SMG.L), the left angular gyrus (ANG.L), the left and right caudate nucleus (CAU.L and CAU.R), the putamen of the left lenticular nucleus (PUT.L), the left Heschl gyrus (HES.L), the left superior temporal gyrus (STG.L), and the temporal pole of the left superior temporal gyrus (TPOsup.L). Compared with the HC group, the brain regions of the iPSCI group in which the BC had increased significantly were the orbital part of the left middle frontal gyrus (ORBmid.L), the left cuneus (CUN.L), and the right precuneus (PCUN.R). DC was significantly decreased in the left caudate nucleus (CAU.L), the left temporal pole of the superior temporal gyrus (TPOsup.L), and the left of inferior temporal gyrus (ITG.L). Compared with the HC group, the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of the shortest path length (Lp) and the normalized Lp (λ) of the iPSCI group increased significantly, and the AUC of the normalized clustering coefficient (γ) and small-worldness (σ) decreased significantly. The DCs of the ROL.L, PoCG.L, CAU.L, HES.L, STG.L and TPOsup.L regions showed moderate positive correlation with the MoCA and MMSE scores ( r>0.4), as did the BC of the CAU.L and TPOsup.L regions ( r>0.4). Conclusions:Cognitive impairment is mainly associated with decreased nodal properties in the brain regions related to language and in the caudate nucleus. The topology of the frontal lobe, hippocampus, thalamus, striatum and default networks may self-repair after an iPSCI. The brain′s functional network after an iPSCI still has small-world properties, but with low efficiency and high cost.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the ovarian response and pregnancy outcomes in patients with excessive ovarian response receiving long-protocol pituitary down-regulation during repeated in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

METHODSSixty IVF-ET cycles from January 2008 to December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical characteristics were compared between the various treatment cycles.

RESULTSCompared with those with the first treatment cycle, the patients receiving repeated cycles had a significantly older age (P<0.001), reduced initial doses of Gn (P=0.049), and moderately lowered estrogen level on the day of hCG administration (E₂) (P=0.027) and the number of oocytes retrieved (P=0.030). The high-quality embryo formation rate (P<0.001) and clinical pregnancy rate (P=0.009) were both significantly higher in patients with repeated cycles. The dose for down-regulation, total Gn dose, duration of Gn stimulation, number of two pronuclei (PN), number of fertilized oocyte, and the cancellation rate for a high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were all comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). The recurrence rate of ovarian excessive respond was 40% (12/30).

CONCLUSIONSFor patients receiving repeated IVF treatment cycle with a high ovarian response, a smaller initial dose of Gn should be used to minimize the risk of hyper-response and improve the outcome of assisted reproductive treatment.

Down-Regulation ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gonadotropins ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Oocytes ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Objective To evaluate the ovarian response and pregnancy outcomes in patients with excessive ovarian response receiving long-protocol pituitary down-regulation during repeated in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods Sixty IVF-ET cycles from January 2008 to December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical characteristics were compared between the various treatment cycles. Results Compared with those with the first treatment cycle, the patients receiving repeated cycles had a significantly older age (P<0.001), reduced initial doses of Gn (P=0.049), and moderately lowered estrogen level on the day of hCG administration (E2) (P=0.027) and the number of oocytes retrieved (P=0.030). The high-quality embryo formation rate (P<0.001) and clinical pregnancy rate (P=0.009) were both significantly higher in patients with repeated cycles. The dose for down-regulation, total Gn dose, duration of Gn stimulation, number of two pronuclei (PN), number of fertilized oocyte, and the cancellation rate for a high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were all comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). The recurrence rate of ovarian excessive respond was 40%(12/30). Conclusion For patients receiving repeated IVF treatment cycle with a high ovarian response, a smaller initial dose of Gn should be used to minimize the risk of hyper-response and improve the outcome of assisted reproductive treatment.

Objective To evaluate the ovarian response and pregnancy outcomes in patients with excessive ovarian response receiving long-protocol pituitary down-regulation during repeated in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods Sixty IVF-ET cycles from January 2008 to December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical characteristics were compared between the various treatment cycles. Results Compared with those with the first treatment cycle, the patients receiving repeated cycles had a significantly older age (P<0.001), reduced initial doses of Gn (P=0.049), and moderately lowered estrogen level on the day of hCG administration (E2) (P=0.027) and the number of oocytes retrieved (P=0.030). The high-quality embryo formation rate (P<0.001) and clinical pregnancy rate (P=0.009) were both significantly higher in patients with repeated cycles. The dose for down-regulation, total Gn dose, duration of Gn stimulation, number of two pronuclei (PN), number of fertilized oocyte, and the cancellation rate for a high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were all comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). The recurrence rate of ovarian excessive respond was 40%(12/30). Conclusion For patients receiving repeated IVF treatment cycle with a high ovarian response, a smaller initial dose of Gn should be used to minimize the risk of hyper-response and improve the outcome of assisted reproductive treatment.