Diabetic Foot is one of common chronic complications of diabetes.The incidence of this disease showed the tendency of increasing.Traditional Chinese medince has obvious preponderance and and good therapeutic effects in treating diabetic foot.The cfinical progress of the traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Diabetic Foot in the recent 10 years has been summarized by the article.

Objective To observe the correlation between the changes of neural cell apoptosis arid caspase-3 gene expression in brain tissues following acute severe traumatic injury to brain(TIB).Method A total of 120 adult Spraque-Dawley rats were divided into a control group(n=8)，TIB group(n=56)and TIB with administration of caspase-3 inhibitor group(n=56).TIB models of rats were made with Feeney's method.The z-DEVDfmk(5 μg)，caspase-3 inhibitor，was administered by intracerebral infusion，and the rats were sacrificed 1，6，24，48 hours and 3，7，14 days postinjury(n=8 for each interval).The specimens of the injured cerebral cortex，suhcerticai white matter，hippocampus，dentate gyrus and contrahteral corresponding brain tissues were taken for detecting apoptesis of neural cells by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated DUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)methods and flow cytomeay.Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression were detected by using RT-PCR，immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis.The caspase-3 activity was detected by using caspase-3 fluorescent assay kit.Student t-test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the data with SPSS version 10.1 software package.Results Apoptesis indexes(AI)and the apoptesis percentage(AP)of neural cells in the injured brain regions increased quickly after injury，and reached its peak 24 to 48 hours later，then decreased slowly,but it remained at higher level above that of normal till 14 days later(P＜0.01).The levels of caspase-3 mRNA,eastme-3 protein and caspase-3 activity were increased significantly post injury，and reached its peak at 24 to 48 hours，then it gradually decreased.Compared with control group，the levels ofoptical density of caspase-3 proteins in the injured hippocampus and subcortical white matter at 24 and 48 hours post injury increased 1484% and 1690%，caspase-3 mRNA expressiom increased 1043%and 1180%，and the degreas of caspase-3 activity increased 148% and 183%，respectively.The expression of caspase-3 proenzyme and its P17 subarrit increased.After trealment with caspase-3 inhibitor z-DEVD-fmk，the levels of caspase-3 mRNA，protein expression and caspase-3 activity were significantly decreased.and AI and AP were significantly decreased as well.The correlation between caspase-3 mRNA and level of neural apoptesis was positive(r=0.821，P＜0.01)，and it was likewise between caspase-3 protein and level of neural apoptosis(r=0.638.P＜0.01).Interestingly enough，a positive correlation was found between caspase-3 mRNA and easpase-3 proteins(r=0.945，P＜0.01).Conclusions The activation of caspase-3 leads to apoptosis of neural cells after acute TIB.The expression of caspase-3 are consistent with apoptosis of neural cells following TIB.The regulation of caspase-3 induced by TIB occurs at a ceriain critical link before transduction.Caspase-3 inhibitor can efficiently inhibit apoptosis of neural cells following TIB.

Objective To study the effect of the promoter methylation of coagulation factor Ⅶ (FⅦ) on the coagulation factor Ⅶ activity (FⅦa) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients,and the correlation between the promoter methylation in FⅦ and intracranial progressive hemorrhagic injury (PHI).Methods A prospective analysis was conducted on 79 patients with moderate-severe TBI admitted to emergency department from August 2010 to August 2014.The peripheral venous blood samples were collected at admission and then were delivered for measurement of FⅦa.Genomic DNA was isolated from patient blood,and the promoter methylation in FⅦ (CpG2,CpG3,CpG4,CpG5,and CpG6) were analyzed.According to the level of plasma FⅦa,the patients were divided into FⅦa ≥90％ group and FⅦa ＜ 90％ group.Based on the presence of PHI,the patients were divided into PHI group and non-PHI group.The FⅦ promoter methylation,age,gender,systolic blood pressure,Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS),length of stay and mortality between FⅦa≥90％ group and FⅦa ＜ 90％ group,PHI group and non-PHI group were compared.Results There were no significant differences in age,gender,systolic blood pressure,GCS,LOS,and mortality between FⅦa ≥90％ group and FⅦa ＜90％,PHI group and non-PHI group (P ＞ 0.05).The methylation of CpG3 in FⅦa ≥90％ group was less than that in FⅦa ＜90％ group (0.83 ±0.05 vs.0.85 ±0.03) (P＜0.05),while there were no significant differences in other CpG sites between these two groups (P ＞ 0.05).No significant differences in all of methylation levels of the CpG sites between PHI group and non-PHI group were found (P ＞0.05).Conclusions The promoter methylation of FⅦ affects plasma FⅦa concentrations,and higher methylation results in lower FⅦa.The promoter methylation of FⅦ is not associated with PHI in TBI patients.