Objective To explore the effect of health education on improving awareness of preven-tion of upper respiratory tract infection of parents of leukemia children. Methods 25 parents were ran-domly chosen, and comprehensive health education interventions were provided, including lectures, advisory guidance and brochures. The awareness of prevention of upper respiratory tract infection of parents was e-valuated before and after health education,and the results underwent χ<'2> test. Results After health educa-tion, the awareness of prevention of upper respiratory tract infection of parents significantly improved com-pared with that before. Conclusions Health education can improve awareness of prevention of upper res-piratory tract infection of parents and decrease the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections.