OBJECTIVE: To investigate laryngopharyngeal reflux effect on expression of COX-2mRNA in glottis carcinoma lesion mucosa. METHOD: Forty cases with glottic laryngeal cancer were examined by electronic naspharyngeal laryngoscope and scored by the reflux symptom index (RSI) and the reflux finding score(RFS). Based on the scores, they were divided into two groups:glottic laryngeal cancer with positive reflux(20 cases) and glottic laryn geal cancer with negative reflux (20 cases). Ten cases with adjacent normal membrane were used as control group. The mRNA expression of CoX-2 from 40 patients was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULT: The expression of COX 2mRNA in tumor samples was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (P < 0.05); the expression of COX-2mRNA in glottic laryngeal cancer with positive reflux was significantly higher than that in glottic laryngeal cancer with negative reflux (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Laryngopharyngeal reflux factors may increased expression glottic carcinoma of COX-2mRNA by tissue injury, inflammation and cell malig-
Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Glottis ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ; complications ; metabolism ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To analyse the clinical characteristics of infants in two months old of lingual thyroglossal duct cysts (LTGDC) and raise the levels of diagnosis and treatment.Methods A comparative analysis was made between the clinical data of 23 cases in two months old of LTGDC and those of 20 cases in one to seven years old of cervical thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDC) (control group).Results The clinical manifestation appeared obviously differences between LTGDC and TGDC.The main performance of LTGDC was laryngeal stridor,and 74％ of them went to emergency department because of dyspnea.They would be misdiagnosed as congenital laryngomalacia or laryngomalacia with pneumonia.The lesion located in the posterosuperior of lingual bone and behind the root of tongue,which was easy to lead to throat obstruction because it extruded laryngeal cavity.Electronic laryngoscopy was the first choice,it helped to identify laryngomalacia,epiglottis cyst and hemangioma.Laryngeal CT or MRI was very important to diagnose LTGDC which was quasi-circular low density shadow with clear boundary,or not extruded to laryngeal cavity,or show lesion range and surrounding structures avoiding misdiagnosis.As treatment depended surgery which was selfretaining laryngoscope,it was minimally invasive and without scar.Cervical anterior mass in the midline was the first symptoms in all 20 cases of TGDC.The neck ultrasound examination was the first selection,and the lesion showed fluid dark space with clear boundary,it should take the neck percutaneous surgical operation.Conclusion The clinical manifestation of infants in two months old of LTGDC appears obviously different from TGDC.LTGDC is a common cause of laryngeal stridor with breathing difficulties.It will be misdiagnosed as congenital laryngomalacia and lead to asphyxia or death easily.

Background and purpose:E-cadherin is a calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule that mediates cell-cell adhesion and also modulates cell migration and tumor invasion.Many studies supported the role of E-cadherin as an invasion suppressor gene.It has been suggested that unlike E-cadherin,?-catenin might promote the invasion and metastasis of carcinoma.This study explored clinical pathological significance of E-cadherin and ?-catenin expressions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods:The PV immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin and ?-catenin in 62 cases of normal esophageal epithelium,31 cases of adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelium and 62 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Results:The positive rates of E-cadherin decreased by turns in the normal esophageal epithelium,adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelium and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) specimens were 95.2%,71.0% and 40.3%,respectively.In normal esophageal epithelium,?-catenin showed higher intense expression at the membrane and lower intense expression in the cytoplasm.In contrast to the normal tissue,?-catenin was expressed in the cytoplasm of carcinoma in varied degrees,accompanied by less,or even negative expressions at the membrane.In some cases,?-catenin could be detected in the nucleus.Positive expression of ?-catenin(in cytoplasm) and negative expression of E-cadherin were related to the invasion,differentiation,and lymph node metastasis of ESCC(P

Objective To investigate whether cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs)can protect ischemia-reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction,and to explore its mechanism.Methods 7 -10 week-old female Wistar-Kyoto (WKY)rats were used for all in vivo experiment.Ischemia was induced for 45 min to allow reperfusion. Twenty minutes (or two hours)later,CDCs (or PBS control)were injected into the LV cavity with an aortic cross-clamp.After 48 hours and 2 weeks,representative echocardiography long-axis images of the left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic dimensions,the protein level of activated caspase-3 were observed,the apoptosis rate of myo-cardial cells and the infarct area of the heart were determined in those groups.Results Rats underwent 45 minutes of ischemia,followed by either 20 minutes or 120 minutes (delayed injection)of reperfusion prior to infusion of CDCs (cells per 100μL)or PBS control (100μL)into the LV cavity during aortic cross-clamp.Ejection fraction,as meas-ured by echocardiography,was significantly preserved in CDCs-treated animals at 48 hours with a 20 -minute,but not a 120-minute,delay of infusion(28.0% vs 38.0%,χ2 =7.340,P=0.008).CDCs-treated animals reduced percentage of infarct mass(6.2% vs 13.4%,χ2 =4.226,P=0.002;6.2% vs 13.5%,χ2 =1.853,P=0.003), infarct mass(6.2% vs 13.4%,χ2 =2.220,P=0.002;6.2% vs 13.5%,χ2 =3.119,P=0.003)treated with PBS control.CDC-treated animals reduced infarct size,relative to those of animals treated with PBS control(45.0% vs 24.0%,χ2 =4.825,P=0.008),less thinning of the LV anterior wall(1.96mm vs 1.45mm,t=0.897,P=0.028). Protein expressions of MMP-8 and CXGL7 were elevated in the infarct zone of hearts treated with CDCs(MMP-8:0.74 vs 0.56,t=0.657,P=0.014;CXGL7:0.44 vs 0.81,t=0.791,P=0.010).Conclusion CDCs is suggested to be a promising cell source to repair acute myocardial infarction through inhibiting apoptosis and reduce proinflam-matory cytokine expression.

ObjectiveToinvestigateifthereisTh1/Th2imbalanceofperipheralThcellsinpatientswithrecurrentgenitalherpes(RGH),andtheroleofTh1/Th2inthepathogenesisofRGH.MethodsFlowcytometricanalysiswasemployedtostudyintracellularcytokines(IFN-?,IL-4)andsurfaceantigen(CD4)ofTcellsintheperipheralbloodof33patientswithRGHand15healthyvolunteers.ResultsThemeanTh1/Th2ratioofRGHpatientsdecreasedsignificantlythanthatofhealthycontrols(P

Objective To test whether cardiosphere-derived cells(CDCs)were sufficient to decrease manifestations of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF)in hypertensive rats.Methods DS rats(Charles River,Wilmington,Massachusetts)were fed 0.3% NaCl(low-salt)diet until 7 weeks of age.At that time,the diet was switched to an 8% NaCl(high-salt)diet in rats by random assignment.DS rats fed the low-salt diet constituted the control group(n=20).At 13 to 14 weeks of age,rats with the high-salt diet were randomized to receive allogeneic rat CDCs or PBS.Echocardiography long-axis images of the left ventricular systolic and diastolic dimensions.Sirius red was used to assess fibrosis and proliferation.Results E/A ratio increased in the PBS-treated group compared with the control group and the CDCs-treated group [(1.20±0.30)vs.(1.70±0.20)or(1.80±0.16),t=0.782,0.844,all P<0.001].LAA kept increasing in the PBS-treated group[(27.20±1.10)mm2 vs.(19.80±0.76)mm2 or(17.80±0.82)mm2,t=0.892,0.774,all P<0.001].The time constant of isovolumic LV pressure fall was prolonged in placebo-treated animals compared with CDCs-treated animals and control rats[(6.2±0.3)×103 mmHg/s vs.(9.4±0.4)×103 mmHg/s,t=0.382,P=0.024;(6.2±0.3)×103 mmHg/s vs.(9.1±0.5)×103 mmHg/s,t=0.883,P=0.022].LVEDP was 2-fold higher in placebo-treated group than in CDC-treated and control animals[(17±10)mmHg vs.(8±3)mmHg,t=0.922,P=0.003;(17±10)mmHg vs.(9±4)mmHg,t=0.922,P=0.004].A dramatic improvement of survival was observed in CDC-treated rats(Kaplan-Meier survival curves)(P=0.027).Cardiac myofibroblasts increased dramatically in PBS-treated(110/field vs.46/field,P<0.001).Inflammatory cytokines expression siginficantly increased in PBS-treated group.Conclusion CDCs improves survival in a rat model of HFpEF through reducing inflammation and fibrosis.

Thulium fiber laser (TFL) is a new and potential laser with significant advantages in that the therapeutic range covers the entire urinary system. In the field of lithotripsy, compared with the holmium laser, which not only can dust any urinary stone composition types, but also has a higher ablation rate、smaller retropulsion、thinner fragements and fewer complications. In terms of soft tissue applications, compared with other lasers, it has efficient vaporization、precise incision、remarkable hemostatic ability and safety. Additionally the laser is small in size, high in power conversion efficiency, stable in performance, low noise during operation and ordinary power socket in power supply. Most of the current research on TFL lithotripsy and tissue vaporization is preclinical and few clinical studies. This article reviews the physical properties、advantages、ablation efficiency、vaporization and incision ability、laser safety and clinical application of TFL in order to provide more reference for future clinical applications.

Immunotherapy is a therapeutic method that uses the immune system to inhibit tumor activity and kill tumor cells.It has been proved to be effective in the treatment of various malignant tumors.In general, the immune system can recognize and kill the abnormal cells,while the tumor cells can produce a variety of mechanisms to inhibit the immune system,resulting into the incomplete death of the cells.TIGIT is a type of inhibitory receptor containing T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor protein tyrosine inhibitory motif (ITIM)protein domain.This paper discusses the role of TIGIT in limiting antitumor responses and reviews the mechanisms of action during the cancer immunity cycles.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78) on cardiomyocytes in atrial fibrillation and its mechanism. Methods: HL-1 cardiomyocyte cell line was cultured from June 2016 to March 2017 at Harbin Medical University Central Laboratory.The cells were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, pacing group, pacing+ GRP78cDNA group, pacing+ GRP78siRNA group.The following indicators were detected: (1)oxidative stress: flow cytometry was used to detect the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in each group; (2)Ca²⁺ overload and cell electrophysiology: flow cytometry was used to detect Ca²⁺ content in each group; (3)cell structure reconstruction: cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results: The ROS production in the pacing group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(28.8±0.5)% vs.(4.5±0.8)%, F=27.91, P<0.01]. The number of ROS in the GRP78siRNA group was significantly higher than that in the pacing group [(71.1±0.3%) vs.(28.8±0.5)%, F=34.12, P<0.01]. The ROS content of the GRP78cDNA group was lower than that of the pacing group [(26.1±2.7)% vs.(28.8±0.5)%, F=26.60, P<0.01]. Pacing significantly increased Ca²⁺ concentration in HL-1 cells; GRP concentration in HL-1 cells in the GRP78siRNA group was significantly higher than that in the pacing group [(72.53±2.5)AM vs.(39.23±1.9)AM, F=19.50, P<0.05]. The intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration in the GRP78cDNA group was significantly lower than that in the pacing group [(31.23±0.57)AM vs.(39.23±1.9)AM, F=28.17, P<0.01]. The survival rate of the GRP78cDNA group was significantly higher than that of the pacing group [(87.9±0.4)% vs.(80.1±0.5)%, F=19, P<0.05]. Conclusion GRP78 protein reduces intracellular calcium overload by reducing ROS production in myocardial cells during atrial fibrillation.It can alleviate the oxidative stress of cardiomyocytes and improve the survival rate of cardiomyocytes, and has protective effect on cardiomyocytes.

Objective:To establish a prediction model of risk factors for early Q-T interval prolongation after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which helps prevent and reduce the occurrence of acute malignant events.Methods:This is a case-control study. A total of 100 patients with Q-T interval prolongation after AMI who received treatment at Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were included in this study. An additional 100 patients without Q-T interval prolongation after AMI who concurrently received treatment in the same hospital were also included in this study. Two model groups, including model group 1 (with Q-T interval prolongation, n = 50) and model group 2 (without Q-T interval prolongation, n = 50), and two test groups, including test group 1 (with Q-T interval prolongation, n = 50) and test group 2 (without Q-T interval prolongation, n = 50), were designated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to construct a prediction model of risk factors for Q-T interval prolongation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was determined to evaluate the prediction model. The value of the prediction model was validated in the test groups. Results:Multivariate logistic regression showed that female gender ( OR = 2.307, 95% CI: 0.09-0.91, P = 0.041) and heart failure ( OR = 3.087, 95% CI: 1.15-8.27, P = 0.025) were independent risk factors for early Q-T interval prolongation after AMI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the prediction model was 0.770, with a sensitivity of 84.0%, a specificity of 66.0%, the Jordan index of 0.44, and the corresponding optimal critical value of 0.43. This indicates good fit of the model. Conclusion:Female gender and heart failure are independent risk factors for early Q-T interval prolongation after AMI. The model constructed based on the above-mentioned risk factors fits well and has a high predictive value, which helps reduce the occurrence of early Q-T interval prolongation after AMI.