Objective To study As2O3toxicity on rat liver in a retrograde isolated hepatic perfusion model. Methods In this study 104 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 300 and 400 g were used. Eight male SD rats were used for preoperatively normal control and the remaining rats were randomly divided into 4 subgroups receiving As2O3at dosage of 0 mg/kg,0.75 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg respectively. Modified RIHP was used in which As2O3was infused through hepatic artery. Ringer's lactate was retrogradly infused through hepatic veins and the portal vein was used as the outflow tract. Hepatic function, pathology and liver enzymes were assessed at different time points. As2O3concentration was monitered during the perfusion in rats of subgroup C. Results Serum ALT and AST rose to the peak on the first day, returning to normal after 3 or 7 days in all four subgroups. There was no difference between the peak levels of serum ALT and AST between subgroup A and B. Differences in serum ALT、AST level between subgroup A and C, A and D, B and C, B and D, C and D were all statistically significant (FALT=40.811,P<0.01;FAST= 48.212,P <0.01). On day 7, ALT and AST in subgroup D were still statistically higher when compared with that of other subgroups and normal control (FALT=13.928, P<0.01;FAST=17.942, P<0.01), and the hepatic pathology showed necrosis of the hepatocyte. The peak levels of As2O3were 13.21±0.82(μg/ ml) and 0.09±0.008 (μg/ml)in rats liver and systemic circulation in subgroup C during isolated perfuision. There were significant differences between the peak levels of concentration of As2O3in rats liver and systemic circulation (t=35.758,P<0.01). Conclusions The hepatic toxicity is reversible caused by As2O3when given at a dosage of 1.5 mg/kg of As2O3in a murine model of RIHP.

AIM: To study the expression of mic2/CD99 protein and their correlation with Eber-1/LMP-1 in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining, in situ hybrization and tissue microarry technique were used to detect the expressions of mic2/CD99 and Eber-1/LMP-1 of H/RS cells in 43 cases of cHL and 16 cases of NHL. RESULTS: The positive rate of CD99 protein expression in 43 cases of cHL was 2.3% (1/43) , mic2 was 55.8% (24/43), LMP1 was 58.1% (25/43) and Eber-1 was 53.5% (23/43). The expressions of CD99 and mic2 in the NHL group were higher than those in cHL group (P0.05). There was a negative correlation between the expression of CD99 protein and LMP1 in H/RS cells (P0.05). There was a significant correlation between the high expression of LMP1 and a low expression of CD99 in the young patients (P0.05). CONCLUSION: There is a negative correlation between the expression of LMP1 and CD99 in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Objective:To establish and evaluate the effect of graded training mode of clinical nutrition nursing in general hospital.Methods:A clinical nutrition nursing group was established, including core management group, quality control group, education and training group and liaison nurse group. Hierarchical training and practice of clinical nutrition nursing was conducted throughout the hospital, and effect of training was evaluated.Results:The nurses' nutrition knowledge increased from (66.60±9.72) to (85.06±7.85) points, nutrition attitude increased from (72.38±5.55) to (92.50±5.10) points, nutrition behavior increased from (66.87 ± 6.83) to (88.76 ± 7.60) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -15.520, -11.128, -12.238, P<0.01). The nutritional risk screening rate and nutritional intervention rate of patients were improved to 100%, and the academic level of nurses in nutritional nursing was further improved. Conclusion:The application of graded training mode of clinical nutrition nursing can improve nurses' nutritional knowledge and skills, improve nurses' professional and academic level, and improve patient clinical outcomes.

Objective To explore the expressions and significance of Galectin‐3 and Bcl‐2 in colorectal tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis(UC) .Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was applied to detected the expression of Galectin‐3 and Bcl‐2 in colorectal tissues of 60 patients in UC group and 20 healthy adults in the control group ,and analyzed the relationship of the expres‐sions between Galectin‐3 and Bcl‐2 .It was regarded as positive cell when obvious dark brown granules appeared in cytoplasm or cyteblast .Semi‐quantitative analysis was used basing on the staining intensity and the amount of the staining intensity and positive cells .Results Galectin‐3 and Bcl‐2 proteins expressed in cytoplasm .Galectin‐3 showed strong expression in normal colorectal epi‐thelium but weak in UC inflammatory tissues ,and it was associated with different lesion degrees under endoscopy .The expressions of Bcl‐2 were weak in normal colorectal epithelium ,and it enhanced significantly in UC inflammatory tissues ,especially in inflamma‐tory cells of laminae propria ,and it was not associated with different lesion degrees under endoscopy .The expression of Galectin‐3 and Bcl‐2 was not associated with the age ,sex of patients and the course of UC .Pearson correlation analysis showed that the posi‐tive expressions of Galectin‐3 and Bcl‐2 had no relevance .Conclusion Galectin‐3 and Bcl‐2 involved in the pathogenesis of UC . They may be able to used as markers of early diagnosis and prognosis in UC and may play the role in the pathogenesis of UC inde‐pendently .

Objective To determine the prognosis and staging non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that extends across the fissure into adjacent lobe after surgery.Methods 3752 patients with histopathologically confirmed non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) received surgical reeessetion from January,1997 to April,2007.Among them,163 patients have a tumor invasion beyond fissure.After matching by pathologic TNM staging (7th),326 patients whose tumor defined in a single lobe were eligible for analysis.Results Histopatholngic staging of matched patients was I a:10 patiens(6.1％ ),I b:79 patients (48.5％),Ⅱa:5 patients (3.1％ ),111:44 patients (27.0％) and Ⅲa:25 patients( 15.3％ ).5 years survival in patients with stage 1 tumors crossing the interlobar fissure was 51％,while in patients not cross the interlobar fissure was 63％ ( P ＜0.05 ).There was no difference in survival for tumors stage Ⅱa and above with regard to importance of interlobar extension.The T2 tumor extending across a lung fissure had a reduction in survival compared with T2 tumor not cross the lung fissure and similar to the T3 tumor without the fissure invasion.Conclusion Our results suggest that TNM staging should be modified for tumor extends the fissure into adjacent lobe.

Objective To investigate the effects of ultrasound combined with microbubbles on intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in carboplatin ( CBP )-treated A549 cell and its possible mechanisms of inhibiting A549 cell line activity . Methods According to whether SonoVue was used or not ,and the different dose of CBP ,the groups A-F were arranged as the ultrasound(US) group(group A) ,the ultrasound combined with microbubbles ( USMB) group( group B) ,the low dose CBP ( 100 μg/ml) + US group( group C) ,the low dose CBP+USMB group( group D) ,the high dose CBP ( 200 μg/ml)+ US group ( group E) and the high dose CBP+USMB group( group F) .A549 cells were bathed and washed by a calcium-free buffer , loaded with Ca2+ indicator fluo-4 AM . Real-time images were acquired using laser confocal microscopy .The fluorescence intensity of intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+ ]i) in individual living cell was observed and the calcium overload was analyzed . Results After ultrasound irradiation ,the normalized fluorescence intensity of [Ca2+ ]i increased rapidly ,then returned to a new homeostasis (selected cells in groups A ,B ,E ,F) or experienced a second calcium oscillation ( some cells in group C and D) . All the selected cells in group B and some cells in group C and D exhibited superimposed oscillations . The calcium overloading time in group D was longer than those of any other groups . Four cells in group A experienced delayed calcium oscillations . Compared with group A ,the selected cells in other groups exhibited a larger amplitude of calcium oscillation( all P < 0 .05) and the selected cells in group B and D exhibited calcium oscillation for a longer period of time( all P <0 .05) . Conclusions In the calcium-free buffer ,US ,USMB , CBP+ US ,CBP + USMB are direct stimuli of calcium overload in A 549 cells . SonoVue ,CBP ,CBP +SonoVue are all synergistic stimuli of calcium overload in A 549 cells irradiated by ultrasound .US ,USMB and CBP may synergistically induce calcium release from intracellular store sites in A 549 cells . Calcium overload is a possible mechanism of ultrasound combined with microbubbles in assisting CBP chemotherapy .

To investigate the effects of ultrasound combined with microbubbles on intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in carboplatin ( CBP )‐treated A549 cell and its possible mechanisms of inhibiting A549 cell line activity . Methods According to whether SonoVue was used or not ,and the different dose of CBP ,the groups A‐F were arranged as the ultrasound( US) group( group A ) ,the ultrasound combined with microbubbles ( USMB) group( group B) ,the low dose CBP ( 100 μg/ml) + US group( group C) ,the low dose CBP+USMB group( group D) ,the high dose CBP ( 200 μg/ml)+ US group ( group E) and the high dose CBP+USMB group( group F) .A549 cells were bathed and washed by a calcium‐free buffer , loaded with Ca2+ indicator fluo‐4 AM . Real‐time images were acquired using laser confocal microscopy . T he fluorescence intensity of intracellular calcium ion concentration ( [ Ca 2+ ] i ) in individual living cell was observed and the calcium overload was analyzed . Results After ultrasound irradiation ,the normalized fluorescence intensity of [ Ca2+ ] i increased rapidly ,then returned to a new homeostasis ( selected cells in groups A ,B ,E ,F ) or experienced a second calcium oscillation ( some cells in group C and D ) . All the selected cells in group B and some cells in group C and D exhibited superimposed oscillations . T he calcium overloading time in group D was longer than those of any other groups . Four cells in group A experienced delayed calcium oscillations . Compared with group A ,the selected cells in other groups exhibited a larger amplitude of calcium oscillation ( all P ＜ 0 .05 ) and the selected cells in group B and D exhibited calcium oscillation for a longer period of time( all P ＜0 .05) . Conclusions In the calcium‐free buffer ,US ,USMB , CBP+ US ,CBP + USMB are direct stimuli of calcium overload in A 549 cells . SonoVue ,CBP ,CBP +SonoVue are all synergistic stimuli of calcium overload in A 549 cells irradiated by ultrasound .US ,USMB and CBP may synergistically induce calcium release from intracellular store sites in A 549 cells . Calcium overload is a possible mechanism of ultrasound combined with microbubbles in assisting CBP chemotherapy .