The common complication of ischemic brain injury was ischemic brain edema,which was closely related to the function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB).In vitro studies,which have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could bind to the receptor to activate a variety of cell signaling pathways,by inhibiting cell apoptosis,reduce oxidative stress and play a protective role in the brain.Fulong Antithrombotic Pill,Shenfu Injection,Naotaitong Granule and others traditional Chinese medicine can regulate the treatment of BBB injury by VEGF regulation.This article reviewde the study progress of VEGF and its related pathways in ischemic brain injury,and the treatment of BBB injury by Chinese medicine by interventional VEGF and its related pathways,which provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of cerebral ischemic abnormalities and the development of new drugs.

Patients in intensive care unit were more critically ill, and often accompanied by dottiness and restless. In order to avoid the adverse events and self-injury, body constraints were often used on the patients. Therefore, this paper would discuss the ethics of body constraints and give the suggestions. According to the literature review and the analysis of the clinical nursing experience of relevant ethical principles, data was collected. The principle of informed consent, respect, and harmless was hard to decide on the issue of body constraints for patients in ICU. Nurses might pay attention to the application of ethical principles, and strengthen the humanistic care. On the issue of body constraints for ICU patients, nurses might pay special attention to the application of possible ethics principles in nursing process and reduce the application of the body constraints, and promote the physical and mental comfort of patients. It reflected the progress of the humanistic solicitude in the current clinical nursing and important value.

Objective To analyze the preventive and therapeutic effects of a traditional Chinese medicine Taohe Chengqi decoction on a rat models of hepatic encephalopathy ( HE) induced by thioacetamide ( TAA) .Methods The rat model of HE was established by intraperitoneal injection of TAA,and the effects of Taohe Chengqi decoction were observed by neurobehavioral changes,neurological test,blood ammonia,serum biochemical indexes,and liver and brain pathological examination.Results The rat model of hepatic encephalopathy was successfully established.Low, medium and high dose Taohe Chengqi decoction markedly improved neuro-reflexes and liver and brain pathological damages, and significantly decreased the HE staging and serum biochemical indexes, and the results of high dose group was the best, similar to that of positive drug-treatment group.Conclusions Taohe Chengqi decoction exhibits promising preventive and therapeutic effects on the rat model of TAA-induced hepatic encephalopathy, and these results provide substantial experimetal evidence for its clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effects of menaquinone-4(MK4)on the activation and function of CD8+T cells.Methods An in vitro culture system for primary mouse CD8+T cells was established by isolating these cells from the spleen using CD8a T cell isolation kit.The isolated CD8+T cells were then incubated and activated in a 96-well plate coated with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies.The impact of MK4 on the activation and cytokine secretion of CD8+T cells was explored by quantifying the expression levels of CD8+T cell activation receptors and cytokines using flow cytometry.Additionally,the concentrations of these cytokines in the culture supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The influence of MK4 on the anti-tumor function of CD8+T cells was evaluated by co-culturing colorectal cancer MC38 cells of mice with CD8+T cells at different ratios,and the effect of MK4 was assessed by detecting tumor cell apoptosis.Results High-purity primary CD8+T cells of mice(97.5％)were isolated using the magnetic bead,which could be activated by pre-coated CD3/CD28 antibodies and showed proliferation.Compared with the control group,the MK4-treated group exhibited increased expressions of CD25,CD69 and CD44 on CD8+T cells,as well as higher production and secretion levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and granzyme B.In addition,CD8+T cells in the MK4-treated group induced a higher percentage of tumor cell apoptosis(36.7％)compared with the control group(29.1％).Conclusion MK4 can enhance the activation of CD8+T cells and promote anti-tumor functions.

Objective To explore the risk factors of postoperative delirium among ICU patients. Methods Meta analysis was done by retrieving POD-relevant literature through electronic databases.The included papers by quality assessment were analyzed by Revman 5.3. Results 14 papers,10 English and 4 Chinese,were included for the analysis,involving 5,661 patients.Meta-analysis showed that the alcoholism, renal function impairment, mechanical ventilation, stroke, hypertension and diabetes, LVEF<50% and emergency operation were the risk factors of postoperative delirium(all P<0.05). Conclusions The risk factors of postoperative POD in ICU patients include alcoholism,renal function impairment,mechanical ventilation,stroke,hypertension and diabetes,LVEF<50% and emergency operation. Medical staffs should pay more attentions to the intervention into those risk factors in order to reduce the incidence rate of POD and improve the quality of clinic treatment.