Objective To investigate the mental health and its correlated factors for senile dementia caregivers in nursing homes in Shenyang. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among 174 senile dementia caregivers recruited from the Nursing Home of Shenyang and Shenyang Social Welfare Institute by using Symptom Check-List-90 (SCL-90), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and self-designed general information questionnaire and to analyze the scores of self rating scale of nursing staff, the total score of social support scale, and the factors affecting the mental health status of nursing staff. Results The SCL-90 scores of senile dementia caregivers with education levels from illiteracy, primary school or junior high school, high school or secondary school, college or above were 130.50 ± 10.11, 132.70±12.55, 135.06±9.15, 129.24±8.83, the difference was statistically significant (F=15.05, P<0.01). The SCL-90 scores of senile dementia caregivers with poor, general and good perceived health status were 133.40±10.52, 132.60±11.32, 128.00 ±10.02, the differences were statistically significant (F=9.07, P<0.01). The SCL-90 scores of family monthly income of 1001 to 3000 yuan, 3001 to 5000 yuan and more than 5001 yuan were 132.90 ± 10.39, 132.80 ± 11.52, 131.50 ± 8.20, the difference was statistically significant (F=12.11, P<0.01). The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the regression coefficient of perceived health status was-0.168 (t=2.880, P<0.01), monthly family income was-0.145 (t=-2.512, P<0.05), SSRS was 0.121 (t=2.112, P<0.05). Conclusions Mental health status of senile dementia caregivers in Shenyang is poor. The health sector should take some measures to improve the degree of social support, nursing staff wages and to ensure their health in order to promote physical and mental health of nursing staff and the nursing level so as to improve the quality of life of the senile dementia elderly.

Objective To predict the value of 99mTc-NOET gated myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging (GSPECT) in detecting coronary artery disease (CAD) and the theraputic effect of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Methods First, 70 patients suspected of CAD underwent 99mTc-NOET (group NOET1) or 99mTc-MIBI (group MIBI1) rest GSPECT and coronary angiography (CAG) was performed within 1 week after GSPECT. Second, 53 patients with CAD underwent 99mTc-NOET (group NOET2) or 99mTc-MIBI (group MIBI2) rest GSPECT before and 1, 3 and 6 months after PTCA and/or stent treatment. Results The sensitivity and specificity had no difference between group NOET1 and MIBI1 in detecting CAD. Comparison of group NOET 2 and MIBI 2: ①59.29%, 64.60% and 66.37% of the abnormal myocardial segment was improved in group NOET2.1, 3 and 6 months after PTCA, while 20.35%, 55.10% and 61.22% respectively in group MIBI2;②There was no difference of the incidence of clinical events and the myocardial function parameters before and after PTCA in group NOET2 and MIBI2. Conclusion Compared with 99mTc-MIBI, 99mTc-NOET has a greater clinical value for CAD diagnosis, PTCA efficacy and observation of the clinical events incidence.

Objective To understand the present situation of happiness of the elderly living in nursing homes and discuss the related factors.Methods Using the method of questionnaire,the happiness of the elderly over sixty years old and its influencing factors in eleven nursing homes in Changchun were discussed.Results Among many influencing factors,health status,the reasons for living,marital status and self-care status affected the happiness of the elderly in nursing homes.Above all,the health status had the most significant effect on happiness.Conclusions Improvement of the health level of the elderly in nursing homes can improve the happiness of them.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in the detection of radiation-induced myocardial damage in beagles by comparing two pre-scan preparation protocols as well as to determine the correlation between abnormal myocardial FDG uptake and pathological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anterior myocardium of 12 beagles received radiotherapy locally with a single X-ray dose of 20 Gy. 18F-FDG cardiac PET/CT was performed at baseline and 3 months after radiation. Twelve beagles underwent two protocols before PET/CT: 12 hours of fasting (12H-F), 12H-F followed by a high-fat diet (F-HFD). Regions of interest were drawn on the irradiation and the non-irradiation fields to obtain their maximal standardized uptake values (SUVmax). Then the ratio of the SUV of the irradiation to the non-irradiation fields (INR) was computed. Histopathological changes were identified by light and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Using the 12H-F protocol, the average INRs were 1.18 +/- 0.10 and 1.41 +/- 0.18 before and after irradiation, respectively (p = 0.021). Using the F-HFD protocol, the average INRs were 0.99 +/- 0.15 and 2.54 +/- 0.43, respectively (p < 0.001). High FDG uptake in irradiation field was detected in 33.3% (4/12) of 12H-F protocol and 83.3% (10/12) of F-HFD protocol in visual analysis, respectively (p = 0.031). The pathology of the irradiated myocardium showed obvious perivascular fibrosis and changes in mitochondrial vacuoles. CONCLUSION: High FDG uptake in an irradiated field may be related with radiation-induced myocardial damage resulting from microvascular damage and mitochondrial injury. An F-HFD preparation protocol used before obtaining PET/CT can improve the sensitivity of the detection of cardiotoxicity associated with radiotherapy.
Animals ; Dogs ; Fasting ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/*metabolism ; Heart/*radiography ; Heart Injuries/*radiography ; Male ; Myocardium/metabolism/pathology ; Positron-Emission Tomography/*methods ; Radiation Injuries/diagnosis/*radiography ; Thoracic Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods

Objective To systematically evaluate the application efficacies of the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) and venous port access (VPA) during chemotherapy in the patients with malignant tumor.Methods The research data published in CNKI,WanFang Database and Pubmed Database were collected from October 2008 to December 2016.The related researches were screened according to the inclusion criteria.Then the meta analysis was performed by using the Revman Manager 5.3 software.Results Finally 63 articles were included for conducting the meta analysis,involving 11 296 patients.The one-time catheter placing success rate of VPA and PICC was investigated by 30 included articles,and the merged effect showed that the difference had no statistical significance (OR =0.96,95 ％ CI:0.75-1.23,P＞0.05).The analysis results of 16 articles showed that the proportion of the catheter indwelling time ≥ 1 year in the patients adopting VAP was higher than that in the patients adopting PICC (OR =27.17,95 ％ CI:18.08-40.83,P＜0.05).The incidence rate of complications in the patients adopting VPA was lower than that in the patients adopting PICC (OR =0.19,95 ％ CI:0.16-0.22,P＜0.01).The living quality of VPA and PICC was investigated by 11 included articles,which showed that the living quality in the VAP group was significantly higher than that in the PICC group (OR=8.53,95％CI:5.88-12.38,P＜0.05).Conclnsion The indwelling time of VPA during chemotherapy in the patients with malignant tumor is longer,the incidence rate of complications is lower and the patient's living quality is higher.

Objective To establish radiation-induced heart disease ( RIHD) Beagle models, in-vestigate the efficacy of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of RIHD and observe the pathological changes. Methods The ventricular anterior wall of 12 Beagle dogs were X-ray irradiated locally with a single dose of 20 Gy. 18 F-FDG PET/CT and echocardiography were performed at baseline and 3 months after radiation. ROI was drawn on the irradiation field and the non-irradiation field ( the posterior wall of left ventricle) to obtain the SUVmax . Then the SUVmax ratio of the irradiation field to the non-irradiation field ( INR) was cal-culated. The left ventricular function parameters before and after radiation were obtained by echocardio-graphy. Within 1 week after the imaging examinations were finished, the dogs were sacrificed, and hearts were taken out to perform pathological observation. Paired t test was used to analyze the data. Results High 18 F-FDG uptake in the irradiation field was shown 3 months after radiation. The average INRs before and after radiation were 0.99±0.15 and 2.54±0.43 respectively (t=7.021, P=0.001). No significant difference was ob-served on cardiac function parameters between baseline and 3 months after radiation( t values:from-1.253 to-0.786, all P>0.05) . The pathological results showed a few degenerated myocytes, increased thickness of myocardial vascular walls in irradiated myocardium. Conclusions 18 F-FDG PET/CT can detect early RIHD before abnormal cardiac function. Increased 18 F-FDG uptake in irradiated field may be related to myocardial ischemia which results from microvascular damage by radiation.

Objective To investigate the value of local myocardial blood flow and myocardial function parameters in monitoring the dynamic changes of radiation induced heart disease (RIHD) using 13NNH3 PET gated myocardial perfusion imaging(GMPI).Methods Six healthy male Beagle dogs underwent 13N-NH3 PET GMPI 1 week before irradiation and 3,6 and 12 months after irradiation in the anterior wall of the left ventricle with a single dose of 20 Gy.Global myocardial function parameters including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),end-diastolic volume (EDV),end-systolic volume (ESV),and regional myocardial function parameters including wall motion (WM),wall thickening (WT),end-diastolic perfusion (EDP),end-systolic perfusion (ESP) before and after irradiation were compared by repeated measures analysis of variance and paired t test.Results There were no significant changes between EDV,ESV and LVEF at baseline and those at 3 months after irradiation.EDV at 6 months after irradiation still had no change,compared with baseline value and EDV at 3 months after irradiation,but ESV was increased and LVEF was decreased.Twelve months after irradiation,ESV was further expanded,LVEF was further reduced,and EDV began to increase (F values:20.974-177.846,all P＜0.05).Compared with the baseline,WM,WT,EDP and ESP were increased in 10％(2/20),20％(4/20),10％(2/20) and 15％(3/20) of myocardial segments at 3 months after irradiation (t values:14.446-672.315,all P＜0.05);those parameters were decreased in 15％(3/20),20％(4/20),15％(3/20) and 25％(5/20) of myocardial segments at 6 months after irradiation (t values:18.171-723.156,all P＜0.05),and were decreased in 35％(7/20),45％(9/20),40％(8/20) and 60％ (12/20) of myocardial segments at 12 months after irradiation (t values:14.783-711.259,all P＜0.05).Conclusions 13N-NH3 PET GMPI could be used to detect RIHD early and monitor the dynamic development of RIHD.Compared with the global left ventricular function parameters,regional myocardial function parameters (WM,WT,EDP and ESP) are more sensitive,which may be served as the early monitoring indicators for RIHD.

Objective:To investigate the regulatory role of microRNA in radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) in mice and provide a new strategy for its treatment.Methods:Based on the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE147241), which includes normal heart tissue and irradiation heart tissue, we conducted bioinformatics research and analysis to determine the differentially-expressed genes. Then, thirty male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into the control group, irradiation group and miR-133a overexpression intervention group. The heart received single dose of X-ray 20 Gy in the irradiation group and miR-133a overexpression intervention group, but not in the control group, and then fed for 16 weeks. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Myocardial fibrosis was detected by Masson staining. The expression levels of miR-133a, CTGF, COL-1 and COL-3 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR. The expression levels of CTGF, COL-1 and COL-3 proteins were detected by western blot.Results:miR-133a was the differentially-expressed gene between the irradiation and control groups. Overexpression of miR-133a could mitigate the decrease in cardiac function and increase in myocardial collagen content ( P<0.01). Meantime, overexpression of miR-133a could down-regulate the expression levels of CTGF, COL-1, COL-3 mRNA and protein ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Radiation increases the synthesis of collagen and leads to myocardial fibrosis remodeling. Overexpression of miR-133a can alleviate the radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis.

Objective:To investigate the regulatory effect of miR-26a in radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) mice.Methods:C57/BL6 mice were used to establish RIHD models. The cardiac function, fibrosis, the expression levels of collagen 1 (COL1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and miR-26a were detected in RIHD mice. Whether CTGF was the target gene of miR-26a was verified by dual luciferase kit. Moreover, cardiac fibroblasts were transfected with miR-26a up and miR-26a down lentivirus vectors to construct the miR-26a overexpression and underexpression cell models. The expression of CTGF, proliferation, and apoptosis of cardiac fibroblasts were detected.Results:In the RIHD mice, heart function was decreased, myocardial fibrosis was remodeled, the expression levels of COL1 and CTGF were up-regulated, and the expression level of miR-26a was down-regulated. Dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that CTGF was the target gene regulated by miR-26a. Overexpression of miR-26a could inhibit the expression of CTGF, suppress the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts, promote cell apoptosis and secrete collagen. Underexpression of miR-26a yielded the opposite results.Conclusion:MiR-26a affects the function of cardiac fibroblasts by targeting CTGF and probably mediates the process of radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis, which may become a new regulatory target of RIHD.

Objective:To establish the C57BL/6 mouse models of radiation-induced cardiopulmonary dysfunction.Methods:Twenty-four male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control and irradiation groups. Mice in the irradiation group were irradiated with 20 Gy electron beam and bred for 6 months after irradiation. Cardiac function was assessed using ultrasonography. The partial pressure of oxygen was detected by blood gas analysis. Cell apoptosis was observed by Tunel assay. Myocardial and pulmonary fibrosis was assessed by Masson staining.Results:The LVEF in the irradiation group was (68.60±10.92)%, significantly less compared with (81.75±8.79)% in the control group ( P< 0.01). The apoptotic index of heart in the irraiation group was (23.90±6.60)%, considerably higher than (3.25±3.38)% in the control group ( P< 0.01). The CVF of heart in the irradiation group was (15.42±5.72)%, significantly higher than (1.45±0.64)% in the control group ( P< 0.01). The PaO 2 level in the irradiation group was (86.10±7.60) mmHg, significantly lower compared with (107.16±9.01) mmHg in the control group ( P< 0.01). The apoptotic index of lung in the irradiation group was (27.90±8.94)%, significantly higher than (2.50±3.55)% in the control group ( P<0.01). The CVF of lung in the irradiation group was (17.76±5.77)%, remarkably higher than (2.50±3.55)% in the control group ( P< 0.01). Conclusion:Radiation can induce cardiopulmonary apotosis and fibrosis remodeling, which leads to cardiopulmonary dysfunction, suggesting the successful establishment of C57BL/6 mouse model of radiation-induced cardiopulmonary dysfunction.