correlation with cross-sectional area and negative correlation with bucking ratio. The effect of fat mass on hip geometric parameters at the three regions was inconsistent. (3) Fat mass and percentage of body fat ( Fat%) showed negative correlation with cross-sectional area and average cortical thickness and positive correlation with bucking ratio in young group. However, the negative contribution produced by fat mass and Fat% to hip geometric structure became weaker gradually in middle-aged and older groups. ( 4 ) Limb lean mass yielded the largest positive contribution to cross-sectional area and average cortical thickness at all three regions in young group. However, the contribution produced by trunk lean mass became the largest positive contribution to cross-sectional area and average cortical thickness in older group. Conclusions Among all the body composition parameters, hip BMD has showed the most marked correlation with hip geometric structure. Lean mass is ranked the second in the correlation. The impacts of fat mass and lean mass on hip geometry are changing with aging and their different tissue distributions.

Objective To investigate bone health conditions in 1637 aged women. Methods From May 2004 to October 2008, Bone mineral density (BMD) of 1637 women at age of more than 60 years old were measured by Hologic DephiA dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXEA) in Huadong hospital affiliated to Fudan University. All data were compared and analyzed among each group which will be divided by every ten years. Those women were divided into groups on 10 years range. BMD of lumbar vertebral and hip bone,fracture incidence and bone turnover marker were compared and analyzed. Results (1) BMD: at age of 3=90, 80 - 89, 70 - 79, 60 - 69, BMD of the lumbar vertebral 2 - 4(L2-4) values were (0. 96 ± 0. 18),(0. 90 ± 0. 20) , (0. 81 ± 0. 16) , (0. 83 ± 0. 14) g/cm2 , respectively. There were significantly increased BMD of lumbar of women at the age of 80 - 89 and ≥90 year-old compared with those of 60 - 69 year-old (P<0. 05). At age of ≥90,80 -89,70-79,60 -69 BMD of femur neck, Total, Torch, Ward's trianger were(0. 60 ±0. 11) , (0. 65 ±0. 11) ,(0. 47 ±0. 09) ,(0. 37 ±0. 09) g/cm2; at age of 80 -89 BMD of FN,Total, Torch, Ward's trianger were(0. 57 ±0. 10) , (0. 68 ±0. 13) , (0. 48 ±0. 11) , (0. 35 ±0. 10) g/cm2;at age of 70-79 BMD of FN, Total, Torch, Ward's trianger were (0.57±0. 10) ,(0. 69 ±0. 12), (0.49± 0. 10) , (0. 36 ± 0. 11) g/cm2; at age of 60 - 69 BMD of FN, Total, Torch, Ward's trianger were (0. 63 ± 0. 10) , (0. 76 ±0. 12) , (0. 54 ±0. 10), (0. 45 ±0. 15) g/cm2; There were significantly decreased in BMD of hip at the age of 70 - 79, 80 - 89,≥90 year-old compared with those of 60 - 69 year-old (P < 0. 05).(2) Fracture incidence: one time fracture incidence at age of 60 - 69,70 - 79,80 - 89, ≥ 90 were 34. 8 % (242/695) ,45. 0% (296/658) ,51. 3% (137/267) ,5/17. There were increasing trend of fracture in aged women. (3) Bone turnover marker of bone Gla protein (BGP) N-mid(N-midBGP) in serum and C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen/Cr (CTX/Cr) in urine values were (17 ±5) μg/L, (106 ±56) μg/mmol at age of more than 90 years ,(17 ±7) (μg/L,(128 ±99)μg/mmol at age of 80-89 years,(21 ± 14) μg/L,(182 ± 173)μg/mmol at age of 70-79 years, (25±13)μg/L, (190 ± 168)μg/mmol at age of 60 - 69 years. There were significant decreased trends of N-midBGP at age of 70 -79,80 -89 compared with that of 60-year (P < 0. 05). There were significant decreased trends of CTX/Cr 80 - 89 compared with that of 60-year (P < 0. 05). Conclusions There were significant decreased bone metabolism in aged women. The risk of hip fracture is significantly increased in aged women. Diagnosis of osteoporosis based on BMD of hip in aged women is more reliable.

ObjectiveTo explore the experiences of treatment of aortic root aneurysm and mitral valve disease through the incision of aorta.MethodsFrom Mar.2009 to Dec.2010, sixteen patients with aortic root aneurysm and mitral valve disease were operated by transaortic incision.After the leaflets of aortic valve were excised, mitral valve replacement or plasty was performed.There were 13 males and 3 females.The age ranged from 18 to 75 years old with a mean of (40 ± 10) years.The operation procedures included Bentall plus mitral valve replacement in 12 patients, Bentall plus mitral valve plasty in 1,Bentall + total arch replacement + stent elephant trunk + mitral valve plasty in 1, Bentall plus mitral valve plasty and CABG in 1.In 12 patients underwent mitral valve replacement, 11 were using continuous suture and interrupt mattress suture in 1.Four patients underwent mitral valve plasty, the procedure of banding mitral valve leaflets junctions was used.All patients were followed up through telephone and out-patient service.Transthoracic echocardiogram was performed before discharge and 3-, 6-,12-months after operation.Follow-up including cardiac function, valvular and perioperative complications.Results There were 2 re-thoractomy because of bleeding.One patient with pulmonary infection was cured by antibiotics.No death occurred in hospital.Patients were followed-up for 1 to 19 months with a mean of (7 ±5) months.No death occurred during follow-up period.There were no valve-related complications (embolism, bleeding, mitral valve dysfunction).Heart function was improved in all patients and graded as class Ⅰ to Ⅱ (NYHA).Two patients had trace regurgitation after mitral valve plasty when discharged.One patient had mild mitral valve regurgitation was found after mitral valve replacement.There was no further valve exacerbation for above 3 patients during follow-up period.ConclusionTransanrtic mitral valve operation is feasible in patients with aortic root aneurysm and mitral valve disease.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical selection and application of cell suspension examination (CSE) or histopathological technique (HPT) in detecting sperm in the testis tissue obtained by testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA).

METHODSTotally, 1 006 NOA patients underwent TESA and their testis tissues were subjected to CSE or HPT for sperm detection. Based on the results of CSE, the testicular tissue samples were divided into groups A (with sperm, n = 567) and B (without sperm, n = 439) and the results were compared with those of HPT.

RESULTSHPT showed 508 cases with but 59 without sperm in group A, and 403 with and 36 without sperm in group B. The consistency rate of CSE with that of HPT was 90.56% (Kappa =0.809), and CSE exhibited a significantly higher rate of sperm detection than HPT (56.36% vs 54.08%, P=0.023).

CONCLUSIONSCSE combined with HPT for detecting sperm in the testis tissue of NOA patients undergoing diagnostic TESA helps clinical diagnosis and treatment. The results of CSE have a decisive significance for assisted reproductive therapy, while those of HPT may provide some definite etiological evidence for drug therapy or surgery.

Azoospermia ; Humans ; Male ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Sperm Retrieval ; Spermatozoa ; Suspensions ; Testis

This article has systematically reviewed the name， origin， scientific name， producing area， quality evaluation， harvesting and processing methods of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma（POR） by consulting the materia medica， medical books， prescription books and modern literature， in order to provide a reference for the development of famous classical formulas containing POR. Yuzhu was first recorded in the Shennong Bencaojing under the name of Nyuwei. After that， Weirui was used as the rectification name in the subsequent dynasties， and in recent times， the name of Yuzhu is mostly used in materia medica and prescription books. In ancient times， there were different names for Yuzhu， such as Nyuwei， Weiwei and Weirui. The names of the three are similar and there was a mixed use of the same name and foreign matter in history. In the Tang dynasty， SU Jing listed Nyuwei with the effect of curing dysentery in the intermediate of herbal part of Xinxiu Bencao according to its different efficacy. However， based on Shennong Bencaojing， Mingyi Bielu and the different energy efficiency of medical prescriptions， SU Song of the Northern Song dynasty believed that the three were medicinal materials of different origins. In short， the names of the three have been unclear in history for a long time. According to the development of the time line， this paper examines the names and realities of the three， and concludes that the two（Weiwei and Weirui） are the same medicinal material， that is， Polygonatum odoratum of Liliaceae， and the Nyuwei is Clematis apiifolia of Ranunculaceae， and the source relationship of the three is clarified. The mainstream source of Yuzhu used in the past dynasties was the rhizome of P. odoratum， which was widely distributed in the wild and has a large amount of resources. The origins of Yuzhu recorded in ancient times were mainly Taishan in Shandong， Chuzhou and Shuzhou in Anhui， and Hanzhong in Shaanxi， in modern times， it was produced in northern Hebei and Shaoyang in Hunan with high quality， and in the modern times， Jiangbei Yuzhu from Haimen in Jiangsu， Anyuzhu from Nanling， Anqing and Tongling in Anhui， Guanyuzhu from Fengrun， Yutian， Zunhua， Huailai in Hebei and Suizhong， Jinxi， Jianchang， Lingyuan， Liaoyang， Haicheng， Gaiping in Liaoning， Xiangyuzhu from Shaoyang in Hunan are the authentic medicinal material. In ancient times， the quality of Yuzhu was good if it was fat and white， while in modern times， it is better with thick roots， bright yellow color， soft texture， no stiff skin and no oiliness. In ancient times， the origin processing of POR was mostly dried in the shade， but in modern times， it is mostly sun-dried or dried after steaming and rubbing. The ancient processing was mostly scraped off the skin and soaked in honey water and then steamed through， while the modern one is mostly washed and cut into thick slices for raw use. Based on the conclusion of the herbal textual research， it is suggested that the rhizome of P. odoratum of Liliaceae be used as the source for the development of famous classical formulas， and the corresponding specifications be selected according to the processing requirements of the prescription. In view of the Yiweitang in Wenbing Tiaobian， which uses the method of frying fragrance to achieve the effect of fragrant refreshing the spleen， it can be processed by referring to the stir-frying method in the current version of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Spirometra mansoni infections in hosts in Jiangsu Province, so as to provide the scientific basis for the management of sparganosis mansoni. Methods From 2018 to 2019, nine counties (cities, districts) were randomly selected from Jiangsu Province as the survey sites, and 100 healthy individuals were randomly selected to perform the serological test of S. mansoni infections and the detection of S. mansoni eggs. The procercoids were detected in the intermediate host Cyclops, and the S. mansoni eggs were identified in the stool samples of the definitive hosts cats and dogs. Results The prevalence of S. mansoni human infections was 0 (0/900) in the 9 survey sites of Jiangsu Province, and the sero-prevalence of the specific IgG antibody against S. mansoni was 1.22% (11/900). The positive rate of procercoids was 0.33% (3/900) in Cyclops. In addition, the S. mansoni egg-positive rate was 1.48% (2/135) in cats and dogs. Conclusions Sparganosis mansoni is prevalent in Jiangsu Province. Health education pertaining to the damages of sparganosis mansoni and the route of S. mansoni infections should be improved.