ObjectiveTo evaluate the laparoscopic procedure and therapeutic efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of adrenal ganglioneuroma.Methods6 patients [4 male and 2 female,32 to 59 (mean 41.3) years old],underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic resection of adrenal ganglioneuroma. In this group, 2 patients with left adrenal ganglioneuroma, 4 patients with right adrenal ganglioneuroma. ResultsAll of the 6 cases was successfully performed uneventfully with retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Pathologic studies confirmed there were 6 cases of adrenal ganglioneuroma. No case was transferred to open operation.The blood pressure remained stable during operation.Mean tumor size was (5.9±2.1) cm (tumor diameter 3.6-11.2 cm) Mean operative time was 120(90-210) min.Mean estimated blood loss was 160 (50-700) ml.Postoperative hospital stay ranged from 7 to 9 days.All the patients were cured without relapse during 4-32 month, follow-up. ConclusionsRetroperitoneal laparoscopic procedures for adrenal ganglioneuroma causes less traumatic;less operative blood loss;distinct image during operation;less postoperative discomfort;faster postoperative recovery and earlier return to daily activities and diet.Retroperitoneal laparoscopic procedure should be considered as the first choice for adrenal ganglioneuroma.

Objective To investigate the monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP1) gene expression of the bladder urothelial carcinoma and its correlation with the pathogenesis of the bladder urothelial carcinoma.Methods Thirty cases of patients with the bladder urothelial carcinoma, including 20 cases of male and 10cases of female, were taken the blood and bladder tissue.In control group, 30 cases of non-cancer patients,including 20 cases of male and 10 cases of female, were taken the blood samples.ELISA method was used to detected the concentration of plasma MCP1, immunohistochemical method to investigate the expression of MCP1 in the bladder urothelial carcinoma and adjacent tissues.Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was applied to detected the expression of MCP1. Data of the two groups were comparied and the relationship between the expression of MCP1 and the clinical characteristics of the bladder urothelial carcinoma was analyzed.Results MCP1 in group of patients with the bladder urothelial carcinoma was (193.4±105.7) pg/ml, and higher than that in non-tumor group (91.8±34.6) pg/ml (t = 8.37, P ＜0.001).MCP1 in invasive bladder cancer was (204.3±167.5) pg/ml and superficial bladder cancer was (130.6±69.2) pg/ml (t = 2.667, P = 0.013). By immunohistochemistry, the MCP-1 positive rate in the bladder urothelial carcinoma was 70.0 % (21/30), that in adjacent cancer tissue was 43.3 % (13/30) (χ2 = 4.9, P ＜0.05). The positive rate of MCP1 in invasive bladder cancer in tumor group was 80.0 % (8/10) and that in superficial bladder cancer was 65.0 %(13/20).At the same time, MCP- 1 positive intensity in the bladder urothelial carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues. The intensity in invasive bladder cancer was higher than that in superficial ones. Total RNA and mRNA levels of MCP-1 in the bladder urothelial carcinoma were statistically differences compared with that in adjacent tissues (χ2 = 10.08, P ＜0.05).Conclusion The upregulation of MCP1 gene expression is likely to play an important role in the incidence and metastasis of the bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the effect of adductor canal block combined with local infiltration anesthesia on the rehabilitation of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: A total of 104 patients who met the selection criteria for the first unilateral TKA between March 2017 and August 2017 were included in the study. They were randomly divided into trial group (53 cases) and control group (51 cases). In the trial group, the adductor canal block with intraoperative local infiltration anesthesia were performed. In the control group, only intraoperative local infil-tration anesthesia was performed. There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index, diagnosis, effected side, and the preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grading between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The operation time, length of stay, and complications were compared between 2 groups, as well as visual analogue scale (VAS) score of incision at rest and during activity, the range of motion (ROM) of knee flexion and extension activity, limb swelling (thigh circumference), walking distance, and pain VAS score while walking. Results: The operation time of the trial group was significantly shorter than that of the control group ( t=-2.861, P=0.005). However, there was no significant difference in length of stay between 2 groups ( t=-0.975, P=0.332). The wound effusion occurred in 1 patient of trial group and 2 of control group; hematoma occurred in 2 patients of trial group and 3 of control group; no symptom of intermuscular venous thrombosis occurred in 1 patient in each of 2 groups; ecchymosis occurred in 14 patients of trial group and 15 of control group; there was no significant difference in the incidence of related complications between 2 groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the preoperative VAS score at rest and during activity, ROM of knee flexion and extension activity, and thigh circumference between 2 groups ( P>0.05). However, there were significant differences in the VAS score at rest and during activity after 2, 4, 8, and 12 hours, ROM of knee flexion and extension activity after 1 and 2 days, and the walking distance on the day of discharge, pain VAS scores while walking after 1 and 2 days and on the day of discharge, and thigh circumference after 1 day between 2 groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion: For the primary TKA, the adductor canal block combined with local infiltration anesthesia can early relieve the initial pain of the incision, shorten the operation time, and promote the mobility and functional recovery of the knee joint.

Objective To study the expression and significance of galanin (GLA) in the prostate carcinoma (PCa).Methods The samples from 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 50 patients with PCa and 30 PCa patients with bone metastasis were examined by immunohistochemical staining.Results The positive rates of GLA expression in BPH,PCa,and PCa with bone metastasis were 18 ％ (9/50),68 ％ (34/50),and 80 ％ (24/30),respectively,and there were statistically significant differences between PCa patients,PCa patients with bone metastasis and BPH patients (x2 =25.5,29.74,both P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant difference between PCa patients and PCa patients with bone metastasis (x2 =1.35,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion GLA has higher expression in prostatic cancer cells,it might be an important indicators for differentiating prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia and predicting the prognosis of prostate carcinoma.

With the development of genomics and the accomplishments of human genomic sequencing, polymorphic markers and their analytic approaches are more and more important, and much attention has been paid to the fact that the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms utilizing matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS) is a high-throughput approach. MALDI-TOF MS can also mini-sequence and genotype short tandem repeat. The approaches to analyzing single nucleotide polymorphisms are primer oligonucleotide base extension, ligase reaction, peptide nucleotide acid, invader assay, and so on.
Genotype ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods

BACKGROUNDTo evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of ITP (ifosfamide + perarubicin + cisplatin) and NP (vinorelbine + cisplatin) regimens in the treatment of advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSOne hundred inoperatable or recurrent patients with stage III and IV NSCLC were randomized into ITP group and NP group treated by the two regimens responsively for 2 or 3 cycles.

RESULTSThe overall response rate was 51.5% for ITP group and 50.9% for the NP group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference of the overall response rate between the two groups ( P > 0.05). The major side effects were leukopenia and gastrointestinal reaction. The leukopenia incidence was higher in ITP group than that in NC group ( P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBoth ITP and NP regimens are effective for the advanced NSCLC. Compared with ITP regimen, NP regimen has less bone marrow toxicity than ITP regimen.

Aneuploidy is an important point at issue in human reproductive biology, accounting for both a major proportion of miscarriages and various congenital malformation syndromes among newborns. Despite its high incidence and severe clinical consequences, very little is known about how aneuploidy originates in human. On the other hand, remarkable progress has been made in the research of meiosis. The failure of any process in meiosis can result in chromosome mal-disjunction. The alteration in recombination and the premature separation of sister chromatids are two important processes on which more intensive researches have been done. In addition, mtDNA mutation and sexual dimorphism in aneuploidy genesis have also attracted more and more researchers' attention.
Aneuploidy ; Animals ; Chromatids ; metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Humans ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sex Characteristics

Strontium-89 (Sr-89) is a pure emitter with maximum beta energy of 1.46 MeV, average beta energy of 0.58 MeV, and a physical half-life of 50.5 days. It is rapidly taken up by bone and preferentially retained at the sites of osseous metastases. Its biological half-life is >50 days at the metastatic sites, but about 14 days only in the normal bone. The dose of its absorption in the tumor-bearing bone ranges from 21 +/- 4 to 231 +/- 56 cGy/MBq, 2-25 times higher than in the normal bone. Strontium-89 therapy is an effective palliative treatment of bone metastases from prostate cancer, with analgesic effectiveness in 80%.
Bone Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; secondary ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Strontium Radioisotopes ; therapeutic use

Vincristine is a dimer-indo-alkaloid which is extracted from the leaves of Catharanthus roseus. It is effective to treat acute lymphocytic cell leukemia, Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin disease clinically. But the severe side effects, such as neurotoxic and tissue damage, limit its application. In this paper, we summarize physical, chemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetical properties of VCR and advances in decreasing its side effects. In clinic, association with other medication is adopted. In pharmaceutics, people adopt some new methods and technology such as conjugation with the antibody, encapsulation in liposomes or controlled release films.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Catharanthus ; chemistry ; Humans ; Liposomes ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Vincristine ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use

Chromosome Y does not recombine with any other at meiosis except that on pseudoautosomal region. Polymorphic markers on the chromosome Y are paternal inheritance and are haploidly inherited. Variance of the sequences comes from accumulated mutation. These properties make them unique and important not only to anthroponomy and genetics but also to forensic science and medicine.
Forensic Medicine ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Y Chromosome