0.05), the leukopenia rates 78.13%(25/32)vs 50.00%(17/34)(P

Spinal biomechanics, especially the range of spine motion,has close connection with spinal surgery. The change of the range of motion (ROM) is an important indicator of diseases and injuries of spine, and the essential evaluating standards of effect of surgeries and therapies to spine. The analysis of ROM can be dated to the time of the invention of X-ray and even that before it. With the development of science and technology as well as the optimization of various types of calculation methods, diverse measuring methods have emerged, from imaging methods to non-imaging methods, from two-dimensional to three-dimensional, from measuring directly on the X-ray films to calculating automatically by computer. Analysis of ROM has made great progress, but there are some older methods cannot meet the needs of the times and disappear, some classical methods such as X-ray still have vitality. Combining different methods, three dimensions and more vivo spine research are the trend of analysis of ROM. And more and more researchers began to focus on vivo spine research. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the methods utilized recently are presented through viewing recent literatures, providing reference and help for the movement analysis of spine.
Animals ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends ; Radiography ; Spine ; diagnostic imaging

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and the microsurgical treatment of intramedullary hemangioblastoma in cervical spinal cord.Methods The signs of MRI,and the results of operations were analysed in 26 patients with the tumors.Rusults The tumors can be classified into two types:Solid type (14 cases)and cystic type(12 eases).All the tumors underwent total removal and were all hemangioblastoma confirmed by histopathologic examinations.Postoperatively,neurological status were improved in 17 patients, remained in 7 cases and worse in 2 cases.Conclusion For intrameduUary hemangioblastoma of cervical spinal cord MRI is of significant importance in the diagnosis of localization and the nature of the tumors which is conductive to selecting appropriate operative methods.There is high risk in operating at cervical section,but microsurgical total resection is the optimal method to stop the development of the clinical presentation.Opera- tive methods varied with the different typer of the tumor.It is the most important principal that dissection is performed along the correct interface and the tumor should be removed en bloc after it is devascularized.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling pathway in osteo- blast differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured in simulated microgravity.

METHODSRat BMSCs were cultured in simulated microgravity (by rotating clinostat) in the presence of 10 µmol/L pioglitazone, 10 µmol/L GW9662, or both pioglitazone and GW9662, with the cells cultured in normal gravity as the control group. After osteogenic induction for 14 days, the cells were stained with alizarin red for the bone nodules and with oil red-O for the fat cells, and the fat rate was calculated. ALP activity in the cells was determined in each group, and RT-PCR was performed to detect cellular expressions of PPARγ mRNA.

RESULTSPioglitazone significantly inhibited osteoblast differentiation of the BMSCs, whereas GW9662 promoted the cell differentiation by suppressing the activation of PPARγ.

CONCLUSIONWe hypothesize that the activation of PPARγ signaling pathway is one of the main mechanisms for inhibited osteoblast differentiation of rat BMSCs in simulated microgravity, and inhibiting PPARγ pathway activation can effectively prevent and treat microgravity-induced osteoporosis.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Osteogenesis ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Weightlessness Simulation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the total alkaloids content profile and diversity of medicinal materials of Tripterygium.

METHODThe total alkaloids were extracted by organic solvent and purified by column chromatography (aluminium oxide), and determined by UV spectrometry.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe total alkaloids content in phloem was 2 to 5 times richer than that in xylem, and their changes had shown concordance. For the different species/types, the content from high to low in order was T. hypoglaucum, Tripterygium F, T. wilfordii and T. regellii, but in each type, the disparity among different populations content was very small. The populations with higher content were in Suichuan, Jiangxi Province, Huangshan, Anhui Province, Jingning, Zhejiang Province and Kunming, Yuannan Province; which came from T. hypoglaucum and Tripterygium F. The degree of difference of total alkaloids content among individuals in each population was different. The populations, which had a rich content diversity, were in Jingning, Zhejiang Province, Taining, Fujian Province and Kunming, Yunnan Province. They will be used for good germplasm selecting. The thickness of medicinal materials did not affect the total alkaloids content in the same plant. The total alkaloids content in xylem changed with seasons: the highest in March, then declining from June to December, the lowest in December, While this did not happen in phloem.

Alkaloids ; analysis ; chemistry ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Seasons ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

The changes of microRNA expression in rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were explored. Adult SD rats received a single controlled cortical impact injury, and the ipsilateral hippocampus was harvested for the subsequent microarray assay at three time points after TBI: 1st day, 3rd day and 5th day, respectively. We characterized the microRNA expression profile in rat hippocampus using the microRNA microarray analysis, and further verified microarray results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 using quantitative real-time PCR. Totally 205 microRNAs were identified and up-/down-regulated more than 1.5 times. There were significant changes in 17 microRNAs at all three time points post-TBI. The quantitative real-time PCR results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 indicated good consistency with the results of the microarray method. MicroRNAs altered at different time points post-TBI. MiR-142-3p and miR-221 may be used as potentially biological markers for TBI assessment in forensic practice.

Phage-microbe interactions are appealing systems to study coevolution,and have also been increasingly emphasized due to their roles in human health,disease,and the development of novel therapeutics.Phage-microbe interactions leave diverse signals in bacterial and phage geno-mic sequences,defined as phage-host interaction signals(PHISs),which include clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)targeting,prophage,and protein-protein interac-tion signals.In the present study,we developed a novel tool phage-host interaction signal detector(PHISDetector)to predict phage-host interactions by detecting and integrating diverse in silico PHISs,and scoring the probability of phage-host interactions using machine learning models based on PHIS features.We evaluated the performance of PHISDetector on multiple benchmark datasets and application cases.When tested on a dataset of 758 annotated phage-host pairs,PHISDetector yields the prediction accuracies of 0.51 and 0.73 at the species and genus levels,respectively,outper-forming other phage-host prediction tools.When applied to 125,842 metagenomic viral contigs(mVCs)derived from 3042 geographically diverse samples,a detection rate of 54.54％could be achieved.Furthermore,PHISDetector could predict infecting phages for 85.6％of 368 multidrug-resistant(MDR)bacteria and 30％of 454 human gut bacteria obtained from the National Institutes of Health(NIH)Human Microbiome Project(HMP).

Radiogenomics, an extension of radiomics, explores the relationship between imaging features and underlying gene expression patterns. This field is instrumental in providing reliable imaging surrogates, thus potentially representing an alternative to genetic testing. The rapidly growing area of radiogenomics that utilizes ultrasound (US) imaging seeks to elucidate the connections between US image characteristics and genomic data. In this review, the authors outline the radiogenomics workflow and summarize the applications of US-based radiogenomics. These include the prediction of gene variations, molecular subtypes, and other biological characteristics, as well as the exploration of the relationships between US phenotypes and cancer gene profiles. Although the field faces various challenges, US-based radiogenomics offers promising prospects and avenues for future research.

Radiogenomics, an extension of radiomics, explores the relationship between imaging features and underlying gene expression patterns. This field is instrumental in providing reliable imaging surrogates, thus potentially representing an alternative to genetic testing. The rapidly growing area of radiogenomics that utilizes ultrasound (US) imaging seeks to elucidate the connections between US image characteristics and genomic data. In this review, the authors outline the radiogenomics workflow and summarize the applications of US-based radiogenomics. These include the prediction of gene variations, molecular subtypes, and other biological characteristics, as well as the exploration of the relationships between US phenotypes and cancer gene profiles. Although the field faces various challenges, US-based radiogenomics offers promising prospects and avenues for future research.

Radiogenomics, an extension of radiomics, explores the relationship between imaging features and underlying gene expression patterns. This field is instrumental in providing reliable imaging surrogates, thus potentially representing an alternative to genetic testing. The rapidly growing area of radiogenomics that utilizes ultrasound (US) imaging seeks to elucidate the connections between US image characteristics and genomic data. In this review, the authors outline the radiogenomics workflow and summarize the applications of US-based radiogenomics. These include the prediction of gene variations, molecular subtypes, and other biological characteristics, as well as the exploration of the relationships between US phenotypes and cancer gene profiles. Although the field faces various challenges, US-based radiogenomics offers promising prospects and avenues for future research.