Objective To explore current status of health-related productivity loss and its risk factors among nurses.Methods Stanford presenteeism scale (SPS-6) and self-designed questionnaire were used to investigate current status of health-related productivity loss and its risk factors among 1122 nurses working in a tertiary hospital in Changchun city.Results Compared with hired nurses,age and work seniority of permanent nurses were significantly higher(Z =-19.49,-19.28 ;P ＜0.05).The average score of SPS-6 of all the participants was 20.05 ± 4.37.The score of SPS-6 of married nurses was significantly lower than other nurses (Z =-3.52,P ＜ 0.05) ; and the score of SPS-6 of nurses less than 30 years old was significantly higher than those above 30 years old (Z =-2.49,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the SPS-6 score of education degree and department.(Z =-1.37,x2 =0.58 ; P ＞0.05).The result of GLM showed that employment status and work seniority were independent risk factors of health-related productivity loss among nurses.The scores of SPS-6 of permanent nurses was significantly lower than hired nursed (x2 =4.48,P ＜ 0.05),and those who had worked for less than 3 years showed significantly higher score of SPS-6 than those who had worked longer (x2 =12.89,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Health-related productivity loss do exist among nurses.Improving health management may help to reduce this loss of productivity.

BACKGROUND: The studies concerning rehabilitation robot step later in China, many of which are assisted rehabilitation robot rather than rehabilitation training robot. Currently, the rehabilitation instruments in China can not satisfy the intelligentification and man-machine engineered requirement of robots.OBJECTIVE: Considering the predicament of supply and demand relationship of medical service for rehabilitation, to propose a combined robot system for assisted tele-rehabilitation based on remote operation technology and medical device. METHODS: Considering the safety, magneto-theological damper and direct current machine was adopted to design a combined manipulator, which utilizing tale-robot technology in training limb disability patients. According to the remote setting of rehabilitation therapist, patients could perform rehabilitation exercise, which can realize real-time and precision of stiffness display.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The clients are patients who have upper limbs movement disorders. Through disassembly and combination of the mechanical arms, it can provide different training modes and therapeutic schemes. The adoption of computer network technology allows the patients to accomplish rehabilitation according to the settings of the physicians via internet; the applications of virtual reality technology greatly raise the enthusiasm in patients and improve the rehabilitation effect remarkably.The experimental results show that the system has good applicability and safety.

The interaction between Gliotoxin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by the fluo-rescence, Circular Dichroism (CD) and ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) techniques. The fluorescent experiment showed that the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA was quenched by the binding of gliotoxin in a static quenching procedure, with an association constant of 7.2?103 L/mol and in hydropobic forces. And the CD spectrum revealed that gliotoxin effected the conformation of BSA by increased the mass of ?-helix.

BACKGROUND: External ventricular drainage (EVD) is an important procedure for draining excessive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and monitoring intracranial pressure. Generally, EVD is performed in the operating room (OR) under aseptic conditions. However, in emergency circumstances, the operation may be performed in the intensive care unit (ICU) to save neuro-critical time and to avoid the unnecessary transfer of patients. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the risk of EVD-induced CNS infections and their outcomes according to the operating place (ICU versus OR). In addition, we compared mortalities as well as hospital and ICU days between the CNS infection and non-CNS infection groups. METHODS: We reviewed medical records, laboratory data and radiographic images of patients who had received EVD operations between January, 2013 and March, 2015. RESULTS: A total of 75 patients (45 men and 30 women, mean age: 58.7 +/- 15.6 years) were enrolled in this study. An average of 1.4 catheters were used for each patient and the mean period of the indwelling catheter was 7.5 +/- 5.0 days. Twenty-six patients were included in the ICU group, and EVD-induced CNS infection had occurred in 3 (11.5%) patients. For the OR group, forty-nine patients were included and EVD-induced CNS infection had occurred in 7 (14.3%) patients. The EVD-induced CNS infection of the ICU group did not increase above that of the OR group. The ICU days and mortality rate were higher in the CNS infection group compared to the non-CNS infection group. The period of the indwelling EVD catheter and the number of inserted EVD catheters were both higher in the CNS infection group. CONCLUSIONS: If the aseptic protocols and barrier precautions are strictly kept, EVD in the ICU does not have a higher risk of CNS infections compared to the OR. In addition, EVD in the ICU can decrease the hospital and ICU days by saving neuro-critical time and avoiding the unnecessary transfer of patients. Therefore, when neurosurgeons decide upon the operating place for EVD, they should consider the benefits of ICU operation and be cautious of EVD-induced CNS infection.
Catheter-Related Infections ; Catheters ; Catheters, Indwelling ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Drainage* ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care* ; Intracranial Pressure ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Operating Rooms* ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventriculostomy

Objective To study the effect of osgentide (OST) on proliferation of mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 under simulated microgravity ( SMG ) .Methods Under normal conditions , cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay to screen an OST compound of an effective concentration after MC 3T3-E1 cells were treated with series OSTs .Furthermore, cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution of MC 3T3-E1 cells were analyzed after treatment with 1 nmol/L OST5 by MTT assay and by flow cytometry ( FCM) scanning under SMG .Results Under normal conditions , 1 nmol/L OST5 was able to significantly promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells (P<0.01).Under SMG, proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly inhibited and more cells entered G 1 than under normal conditions (CN).The proportion of S phase of MC3T3-E1 cells after treatment with 1 nmol/L OST5 ( OST-SMG) for 3 d was higher than that of untreated MC 3T3-E1 cells under SMG,suggesting that OST5 could promote DNA synthesis ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion OST5 facilitates the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells under SMG, which provides a basis for the use of OST5 in the prevention and treatment of bone loss relat-ed to microgravity .

Animals ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; physiology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; physiology ; RNA, Untranslated ; physiology

Objective To investigate the effects of simulated microgravity by rotary cell culture system (RCCS) on expression profiles of miRNA in mouse fibroblasts L929 cell line.Methods L929 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into simulated microgravity (SMG) group and normal gravity (NG) group according to the simple random method.Samples of two groups were collected on 7th day of culture and the total RNAs were extracted,labeled,and hybridized in sequence.Feature Extraction Software was used to collect the array images and get raw data,which were analyzed by Genespring Software.Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and then validated by qRT-PCR.Target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted by the databases of Targetscan and microRNAorg,and the intersections of databases were identified as potential regulatory target genes.Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis were applied to determine the roles of these target genes.Relevant biological functions and/or signaling pathways of the regulated genes especially related with wound healing process were categorized based on their enrichments.Then integration predictions of the miRNA and mRNA expression profiles had been proposed to refine the functional miRNA-mRNA relationships.The miRNA-mRNA functional network and miRNA-mRNA control network were constructed.Results Four miRNA genes were up-regulated significantly including mmumiR-669j,-122-5p,-30a-3p,-6516-3p,among which mmu-miR-669j was up-regulated at 52.84 folds with the greatest significance (P ＜ 0.05).Seventeen miRNA genes were down-regulated significantly including mmu-miR-21a-3p,-miR-28a-5p,-218-5p,-210-3p,-miR-19a-3p,-miR-31-3p,and-miR-19b-3p,among which mmu-miR-28a-5p was down-regulated at 15.47 folds with the greatest significance (P ＜ 0.05).The qRT-PCR showed a high concordance with the microarray results (P ＜ 0.05).Target gene prediction and functional enrichment analysis suggested that a variety of biological processes and signaling pathways involved in wound repair were significantly enriched (P ＜ 0.05).Function network and regulation network of miRNA-mRNA covered all the differentially expressed miRNAs,which suggested that miR-21 a-3p and predicted target gene Smad3 might play an important role in wound healing under microgravity.Conclusions Simulated microgravity by RCCS can significantly affect the expression of stress-related miRNAs in mouse fibroblasts L929.The miRNA target gene prediction and functional enrichment analysis based on gene chip technology may provide theoretical basis for illustrating the mechanism and management of weightlessness stress injury.

ObjectiveTo obtain stable animal models and observe Helicobacter hepaticas (Hh)colonization and pathological claracteristics,through infecting different mice strains with Hh.Methods SPF-class male BABL/c Cr,SCID/Cr and C57BL/6 Cr mice were inoculated 0.2 ml Hh standard strain ATCC51450 bacterial suspension (1 × 108CUF/ml),inoculated for 3 times with 48 hours intervals,the control group was fed with the same volume of PBS.Mice were executed at 4 weeks,8weeks and 16 weeks since last Hh inoculation,and mice esophagus,stomach,jejunum,ileum,cecum,colon,liver and pancreas tissue were taken for histopathology examination,Micro-aerobic bacteria isolation,culture and identification and Hh specific 16S rRNA gene amplification.Results The colonization rates of Hh in cecum after inoculated in BALB/c Cr mice and SCID/Cr mice at 4 weeks,8 weeks and 16 weeks were all 8/8,colonization rates in colon at 4 weeks,8 weeks and 16 weeks were 4/8,5/8,5/8 and 3/8,6/8,5/8 respectively,colonization rates in ileum and jejunum at 16 weeks were 1/8,colonization rates in liver at 8 weeks and 16 weeks were 2/8,3/8 and 2/8,2/8respectively.The colonization rates of Hh in cecum after inoculated in C57BL/6 Cr mice at 4 weeks,8weeks and 16 weeks were 1/8,2/8 and 2/8 respectively,colonization rates in colon at 8 weeks and 16weeks were 1/8,2/8 respectively.Compared with C57BL/6 Cr mice,the inflammatory changes in liver,cecum and colon were more significant in Hh infected BALB/c Cr and SCID/Cr mice (P＜0.01),and histological scores gradually increased as infection time extended (P＜0.05,P＜ 0.01 ).The histological scores were significantly higher in those with colon and liver Hh bacterial colonization than those without Hh bacterial colonization (P＜0.05).The histopathological score of cecal tissue was positively correlated with the density of Hh colonization.ConclusionDifferent mice strains are with different susceptibility to Hh,and better Hh infection model can be obtained in Hh inoculated BALB/c Cr and SCID/Cr mice.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of nicotine- and tar-free cigarette smoke extract (fCSE) on the serum testosterone (T) level and erectile function of male rats.

METHODSWe randomized 30 male SD rats to three groups of equal number to receive subcutaneous injection of PBS (1.0 ml / 300 g body weight per day), fCSE (1.0 ml/300 g body weight per day), and reduced glutathione hormone (GSH, 200 mg per kg body weight per day) in addition to fCSE (fCSE + GSH), respectively, all for 8 weeks. Then we evaluated the erectile function of the rats by measuring the maximal intracavernous pressure (MICP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), ICP/MAP ratio, time of stimulation to MICP (Tmax), and cavernosal filling fate (CFR). We determined the serum T level, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) , malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the cavernosal tissue, and also observed the morphological changes of the corpus cavernosum.

RESULTSCompared with the controls, the rats of the fCSE group showed obvious decreases in the levels of serum T ([5.37 ± 1.43] vs [3.22 ± 1.11] μg/L), NOS ([2.90 ± 0.27] vs [1.67 ± 0.18] U/mg) , and SOD ([18.41 ± 1.09] vs [13.36 ± 1.18] U/mg prot) and erectile function-related indexes MICP ([85.92 ± 6.36] vs [58.99 ± 10.76] mmHg), MICP/MAP (0.86 ± 0.09 vs [0.56 ± 0.08]), and CFR (2.14 ± 0.44 vs 0.89 ± 0.44), but markedly increased Tmax ([29.90 ± 5.78] vs [42.90 ± 8.56]s), with a positive correlation between the serum T level and CFR (r = 0. 364, P < 0.05). Masson staining revealed a lower ratio of the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle tissue to collagen fiber in the fCSE group (0.27 ± 0.04) than in the control (0.98 ± 0.12). Compared with the fCSE group, the fCSE + GSH group exhibited significantly improved MICP ([58.99 ± 10.76 ] vs [77.95 ± 7.71] mmHg), MICP/MAP (0.56 ± 0.08 vs 0.77 ± 0.09), and CFR (0.89 ± 0.44] vs 1.76 ± 0.42) and shortened Tmax ([42.90 ± 8.56 ] vs [32.10 ± 5.84 ] s). The ratio of the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle tissue to collagen fiber was higher in the fCSE + GSH than in the fCSE group (0.77 ± 0.09 vs 0.27 ± 0.04) but still lower than in the control (0.98 ± 0.12).

CONCLUSIONNicotine- and tar-free cigarette smoke extract reduces the serum T level and erectile function of rats, which is related to oxidative stress. Antioxidant therapy can improve erectile function but has a limited value for morphological protection of the penile tissue.

Animals ; Erectile Dysfunction ; chemically induced ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth ; pathology ; Nicotine ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Penile Erection ; drug effects ; Penis ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Smoke ; adverse effects ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tars ; Tobacco ; adverse effects

Objective:To study the expression level and clinical significance of minichromosome maintenance protein 3(MCM3) in human gastric cancer.Methods:The expression levels of MCM3 mRNA and protein in gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues were analyzed using public databases such as TCGA, CCLE and HPA. The clinicopathological features of 69 patients with gastric cancer were retrospectively analyzed, and the expression levels of MCM3 protein in tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining, and the relationship between it and clinicopathological features was analyzed. The interaction network of MCM3 proteins was analyzed using the STRING database.Results:The expression levels of MCM3 mRNA and protein in gastric cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent normal tissues ( P<0.05), and its high expression was correlated with the size of gastric cancer tumors ( P<0.05). In gastric cancer tissue, the expression of MCM3 was correlated with the expression level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) ( R=0.61, P<0.01), and there may be a protein-protein interaction. Conclusions:MCM3 plays an important role in gastric cancer by interacting with PCNA, and it is expected to become a new diagnostic and therapeutic target.