Objective To explore the relationships between plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA) and hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD) in neonates with asphyxia.Methods Sixty-eight full-term neonates hospitalized with asphyxia were enrolled in this study (simple asphyxia group 15 cases,mild HIE group 17 cases,moderate HIE group 22 cases and severe HIE group 14 cases) according to the diagnostic criteria of neonatal hypoxic- ischemic encephalopathy(HIE),and 20 cases in control group.Plasma VIP,SOD and MDA were detected by radio-immuhoassay,thiobarbatic acid colorimety and xanthine oxidase at d1 and d7 after born in every group.Results 1.There were significant difference in the plasma VIP,SOD and MDA among every group(Pa

BackgroundHypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1α) specific double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) mediated by liposome inhibit reinal neovascularization in mice at dose-dependent manner. ObjectiveThe present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of dsRNA targeting HIF-1α on retinal neovascularization in mice.MethodsModels of oxygen-induced retinal neovascularization were set up in C57BL/6J mouse through exposure of postnatal day 7 ( P7 ) to (75±3) ％ oxygen for 5 days.Fluorescein conjugated Dextran angiography of retinal vascular was performed to identify the retinal neovascularization.The 8 mice of the normal group were raised in the room air.Fifty-one P7 mice exposed to(75±3)％ oxygen for 5 days and then returned to the room air and assigned to control group ( 3 mice),empty vector group( 3 mice) and gene therapy group (45 mice),and the latter were medially divided to 9 groups randomly according to dose-ratio ( liposomes ∶ plasmid).The pSilencer 2.1-U6 hygro was injected in the model mice of empty vector group,and different dose-ratios of pSilencer2.1-U6 hygro-HIF-1α dsRNA were injected respectively in the model mice of various gene therapy groups.Fluorescein conjugated Dextran angiography of retinal vascular was performed to observe the morphology of new blood vessels,and retinal slides were prepared to score the numbers of nuclei extending beyond the inner limiting membrane( ILM ),and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) was detected in the retina by immunohistochemistry.Results The retinal blood vessels of the normal group formed a fined radial branching pattern.The retinal vascular patterns in the control group and the empty vector group were characterized by decreased central perfusion in both the superficial and the deep layers.The abundant vessels were distorted and irregular in the control group and empty vector group,and the obstructed capillary and lots of neovascular tufts were seen.The retinal neovascularization and non-perfusion distraction in the every gene therapy group were reduced markedly with the most severe appearance in 1 ∶ 1 ( liposomes ∶ plasmid) dose-ratio group.Few vascular endothelial cell nucleus extending beyond the ILM were found in the normal group;while a large number of vascular endothelial cell nucleus were showed in the control group and empty vector group with the occurring rate 100％.Statistically,no significant difference was seen in the number of nuclei extending beyond the ILM between the control group and the empty vector group(11.57±5.85 vs 11.53±6.15),however,that in 1∶1 (liposomes∶plasmid) group was reduced markedly ( 2.17 ± 4.23 ) ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Immunohistochemistry revealed that VEGF was faintly expressed in the normal group but strongly expressed in the control group and the gene therapy group.VEGF expressions of various gene therapy groups were weaker than ones of the control group and the empty vector group.ConclusionsRetinal neovascularization can be efficiently inhibited by intravitreal injection of the pSilencer2.1-U6 hygro-HIF-1α dsRNA mediated by liposome.Proportion of 1 ∶ 1 (liposomes ∶ plasmid)has a maximized efficiency.

0.05).Conclusion:People adjust the immunological function of B cells to normal level in blood donation plastochrone.These undoubtedly provide powerfully experimental data on the enlistment of volunter blood donation.

Background:Inflammation plays an important role in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI),and erythropoietin (EPO)has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. Aims:To explore the protective effect of EPO on intestinal IRI and its potential mechanism. Methods:Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham operation group(sham group),IRI group,EPO group and 740Y-P group. Rats in IRI,EPO and 740Y-P groups were injected intraperitoneally with 0. 9% NaCl,EPO and EPO + 740Y-P,respectively,one hour before the establishment of intestinal IRI model by superior mesenteric artery clamping(45 min)-reperfusion. All rats were sacrificed one hour after reperfusion. Histopathological changes of small intestine were observed;expression of proteins in PI3K/ Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways was measured by Western blotting;expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-8(IL-8),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)were examined by real-time PCR and ELISA. Results:Compared with sham group,the damage score of small intestine,protein expressions of PI3K,p-Akt and p-NF-κB p65,as well as mRNA expressions and serum levels of IL-8,TNF-α and MCP-1 in IRI group were significantly increased(P < 0. 05). EPO pretreatment could ameliorate the histopathological changes of small intestine in IRI model rats,inhibit PI3K/ Akt and NF-κB signaling activation and down-regulate expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. When 740Y-P,a PI3K agonist,was used combinedly,the effect exerted by EPO was diminished. Conclusions:EPO pretreatment can protect against intestinal IRI by inhibiting the activation of PI3K/ Akt/NF-κB signaling and the subsequent inflammatory response.

ObjectiveTo understand the distribution of interleukin(IL)-28B gene polymorphisms in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfected Han patients in Hubei Province.MethodsOne hundred Han patients with anti-HIV and anti-HCV double positive in Hubei Province were enrolled.HCV RNA level was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyping of IL-28B gene was pcrformed by sequencing.The data were analyzed by chi square test.ResultsThe proportion of IL-28B C/C genotype was 95.0 ％ in target population,arnong which 21.1％ (20/95) were HCV RNA negative.While there were no HCV RNA negative cases in C/T and T/T genotypes (0/5;x2 =1.043,P=0.588).ConclusionAmong HIV/HCV coinfccted Han patients in Hubei Province,the proportion of IL-28B C/C genotype is high.

Humans ; Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the formulation of Methotrexate thermosensitive hydrogels,and to study the in vitro re-lease property of it. METHODS:Taking PLGA-PEG-PLGA as matrix and mannitol as viscosity modifiers,Methotrexate thermosen-sitive hydrogels were prepared. Using the absolute value of the deviation of gelation temperature between 35 ℃,its formulation was optimized by orthogonal test using the concentrations of PLGA-PEG-PLGA,methotrexate and mannitol as factors. The dialysis bag method was used to investigate accumulative release rate of Methotrexate thermosensitive hydrogels and methotrexate solution within 336 h in vitro. RESULTS:The optimal formulation was as PLGA-PEG-PLGA of 20%,methotrexate of 0.10% and mannitol of 0.10%;gelation temperature were 35.1,35.0,35.0℃. The average drug-loading rate was more than 90%. 12 d accumulative re-lease rate was more than 90%(r=3). Methotrexate solution has been substantially completely relased within 240 h. CONCLU-SIONS:Methotrexate thermosensitive hydrogels with sustained-release are prepared successfully,and the preparation technology is simple and practical.

AlM:To evaluate the expression of transcriptional factor lslet-1 in retina in experimental retinal neovascularization induced by oxygen.
METHODS: The murine retinal neovascularization were induced by hyperoxia exposure. The morphological observation of retinal neovascularization was performed using angiography by fluorescein dextran injection under the fluorescence microscope, and the new blood vessels were quantified after 5d in room air (17-day-old) by counting the vascular epithelial cell nuclei protruding into viteous cavity using HE stain. Realtime PCR and Western blot were used to examine retinal lslet-1 level in postnatal 7,12, 14,17 and 26d respectively.
RESULTS: A lots of new blood vessels were demonstrated in the mouse retina in hyperoxic group by fluorescein angiography and histological method. Moreover, no significant difference was found in retinal lslet-1 level in postnatal 7d between hyperoxic group and control group, but was significantly higher in postnatal 12, 14 and 17d mice compared with control mice. However, mice at postnatal 26d, expression of lslet-1 in retina decreased to normal level.
CONCLUSlON: ln processing mouse model of retinal neovascularization, sustained hypoxia retinal tissue induce retinal neovascularization by increas the expression of transcription factor lslet-1.

Objective To estimate the present salt iodine content and iodine nutrition need of high risk population of iodine deficiency disorder in Meixian County. Methods Each primary school was selected from urban and rural areas(Xiyang Town, 20 kilometers away from Meixian County), the goiter rate of 8 to 10 year-old students was examined and urinary iodine and household salt iodine was sampled. Twenty to 40 year-old women of childbearing age nearby schools around the urban and villages around Xiyang Town were selected to collect their urine and salt samples. At urban hospitals and rural health centers, 0 to 2 year-old infant urine samples were collected, Thyroid gland was palpated and urinary iodine was determined by iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry, salt iodine was determined by direct titration. Results The goiter rates of 8 to 10 year-old students were 1.5 % (3/200), 1.0% (1/100) for the urban area and 2.0% (2/100) for rural area. Median of urinary iodine in 8 to 10 year-old students, infants, women of childbearing age averaged at 237.1 μg/L and 280.1, 234.7,187.6 μg/L respectively, with each being 287.4,245.0,205.5 μg/L in urban area and 278.9,228.5,176.4 μg/L in rural area. Women of childbearing age had a higher percentage of urinary iodine < 50.0 μg/L than students,students had a higher percentage than infants, each being 7.5%(15/200), 4.5%(9/200), 4.0%(4/100). The ration of urinary iodine > 300.0 μg/L was more in infants than in students, that in students was more than that in women of childbearing age, each being 33.0% (33/100), 30.0% (60/200),22.5% (45/200). The median of salt iodine was 27.2 mg/kg. The coverage of iodized salt was 100.0%(400/400). Ninty-seven percent(194/200) and 96.0% (192/200) of qualified iodized salt were consumed in urban area and in rural area. Conclusions The amount of iodine added to salt meets the requirement in the 3 kinds population risk of iodine deficiency disorder. But a higher iodine status has been found out in students and infants. It is reasonable to decrease the present salt iodine content.

China boasts for its abundant resources of Trapa L.The fruit of Trapa has been given high edible and medicinal values so far.Trapa L.plants mainly contain terpenoids,sterols,phenolic acids and flavonoids.Current studies profotmdly analyzed the biological activities on hypoglycemic,anti-oxidation,anti-tumor,antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects of it.Some preliminary studies over biological activities included the effects on reducing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),the inhibition of H2O2-induced injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells,inducing HeLa cell apoptosis,analgesia,liver protection,anti-atherosclerosis and deworming.This paper reviewed literature on the chemical constituents and biological activities of Trapa L for the provision of a reference for the exploration and utilization of Trapa L.