Golden open access ( OA) will become the leading distribution model of academic journals and bring a brand new academic exchange system .After the history and status quo of OA were described , the development of golden OA and its effect on journal publication were studied with the disruptive innovative theory of Christensen C as an example .

Objective:To investigate the payment methods of 5 kinds of chronic diseases in public hospitals of Heze.Methods:8 383 cases of hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,chronic bronchitis and hepatitis B were enrolled from the Municipal Hospital,the Second People's Hospital,the Third People's Hospital,the City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Infectious Disease Hospital in Heze from January 1,2012 to December 31,2015.The information of medical records and the cost of hospitalization were collected and analyzed.Results:The total hospitalization expense,examination fees and other costs of medicare patients were significantly higher than those of the non-medicare patients(P＜0.05),while the drug expenses were significantly lower than that those of non-medicare patients(P＜0.05).As to the medicare patients,hospitalized expense of male patients was significantly higher than that of female(P＜0.05),hospitalized expense and insurance expense of patients over 45 years old were significantly higher than those of patients under 45 years old(P＜0.05),hospitalized expense and insurance expense of retired patients were significantly higher than those of patients on-the-job(P＜0.05),total expense of urban patients were significantly higher than those of rural patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Payment of patients with chronic diseases was in relation with hospitalization expenses,which was also related to the social economic characteristics,but it was worth paying attention to avoiding excessive medical treatment and waste of resources,which needed to take comprehensive measures in combination with social situation.

The obstruction of OSAHS patient is not limited to a single level. These blockages of multiple sites trend to influence each other and participate in a complex process. To date, the determination of obstruction is often depends on empirical judgment of clinician. However, it is a key issue to find out which level of obstruction is most significant. The article will focus on the commonly used values in laboratory examinations and their relationship with AHI. Based on the existing work, we decide to make a comprehensive analysis of their predictive value.
Humans ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis

Objective To compare the results of three phase bone scans between benign and malignant lesions, and explore its clinical value. Methods Patients with pain symptom underwent three phase bone scan. Their corresponding clinical data was collected and input into SPSS software package for further evaluation. Results Forty-nine patients had 73 positive foci in the acquiring field of vascular and blood pool phase bone scans. Excluding 10 foci that suspected of bone metastasis, 37 of 63 were malignant,26 were benign lesion. On vascular, blood pool and delayed images, benign and malignant foci did not exist any significant difference (χ2 =3.341, 1.685 and 2.923, P ＞0.05). In these lesions, 33.3 % (5/15) foci had positive vascular and blood pool results in thoracic, 72.2 % (13/18) in extremity and 75.0 % (18/24) in pelvic.There were no significant difference among subgroup of chest, abdomen, limb and pelvic diseases. In addition,4 foci outside bone system were occasionally found in three phase bone scans. Conclusion Acquiring position could significantly affect the results of three phase bone scan, for example more sensitive rate can be found for limb and pelvis lesions. This method could not significantly differentiate malignant from benign lesions, but could detect soft tissue foci or the change of blood flow, and provide more information for differential diagnosis.

Objective To probe the regulation of TCM treatment for essential hypertension by analyzing the frequency of herbs usd in the literature of hypertension TCM treatment included in CNKI from 1979 to 2009 with a view to provide a reference for the clinical treatment and research.Methods The herbs meeting the inclusion criteria in the selected literature was recorded by using Excel table,and analyzed by using SPSS13.0 statistical software.Results Of the 301 herb medicine,the tonics,heat-clearing,calming liver wind,promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,removing dampness and promoting diuresis,diaphoretics totally accounted for 79.16%.The attributive channel of these herbs involved in 12 viscera,in which liver meridian,kidney meridian,spleen meridian,heart meridian accounted for 66.97%.All herbs involved in 7 kinds of herbal flavors,and total appearance frequency of the 7 flavors was 12584,in which sweetish,bitterness,pungent herbs accounted for 82.99%.Conclusion Efficacy,property flavors and attributive channel of herb medicine used for essential hypertension are closely related to the pathogen and pathogenesis.These herbal medication regularity provides a reference for the current syndrome differentiation and treatment of essential hypertension.

Objective To compare radionuclide bone scan and MRI for vertebral metastasis detection fromlung cancer tumor.Methods 45 cases with lung cancer were collected for radionuclide bone scan and MRI scan,the scanning time within 15 days.Three deputy directors read the piece,the detection rate of two kinds of examination methods was compared.Results 35 cases were detected by radionuclide bone scan and MRI (x2 =0.135,P ＞0.05).It was detected 84 positive bone metastases vertebral,detected in 45 of radionuclide bone scan,MRI detected73,the difference was significant (x2 =15.300,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion MRI can effectively detect lung cancer spine bone vertebral metastasis loci without false positive lesions,which contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of disease,worthy of clinical promotion.

The definition of environmental endocine disruptors,varieties of chemicals possible to produce endocrine disruptive effects,their possible mechanisms and adverse effects on organisms were briefly introduced in this paper.It suggested that there were many varieties of endocrine disrupting chemical existing in the human environment.The reproductive disorders reported up to date in animal maybe in human,included reduced fertility,reduced hatchability,redcued viability of offspring,impaired hormone secretion or activity and modified reproductive anatomy.Further study should be conducted and relative preventive measures should be adopted.

Bioethics evolved from traditional medical ethics impinges upon the sanctity of life together with its intrinsic logical fallacy and shows it in stark contrast with the concept of the quality of life,which fallacy has made end-of-life and other critical decisions hard to be materialized.The continuous development and progress of life sciences out of the constraints of old-fashioned and outdated faiths and theological considerations need to further the utilitarian appeals in order to promote both individual and social net gains in beneficence and benefits.Aiming at the Pareto Optimum,the social and individual value systems should be regarded separately,with the latter considered in a closed way,allowing for autonomy or self-determination in the evaluation of intrinsic values.In this manner,related morality and legal systems as necessary and unavoidable vices are expected to be improved and to serve and guide our medical practices.

To discuss the effects of medical policies and social background in Song Jin Juan dynasties on TCM theoretic development and innovation. To summarize the achievement in the anatomy,classical writings,etiology and pathogenesis theories,theory of visceral manifestation,meridian theory and their guiding roles in the clinic practices.At last,we analyze the influential factors of development of the basic theory of TCM,it provides some traces for the further study on basic theory of TCM.

Erhuang quzhi compounds is one of the protecting liver and inhibiting toxin prescriptions series summarized by Jinqi Yuan and other famous doctors of traditional Chinese medicine during the long-term clinical practice. It is very effective for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but its mechanism is not clear. This research investigated mechanism of Erhuang quzhi granules (EQG) in the treatment of NAFLD. All the animal welfare and experimental procedures are in accordance with the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University. Mouse models of NAFLD were established by feeding with methionine and choline deficient diet (MCDD) for five weeks. While feeding MCDD, the treatment groups were given EQG (16.25 g·kg^-1·d^-1) and atorvastatin (ATO, 7.20 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) by gavage. The effects of EQG on serum biochemical indices, liver pathological changes, and inflammatory cytokines in mice of NAFLD were investigated. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), immunocytochemistry (ICH) and Western blot assays were used to detect the levels of mRNA and protein associated with nuclear factor kappa B/Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NF-κB/NLRP3) in liver. The results showed that EQG significantly reduced the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and improved the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The result of hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed that EQG reduced lipid deposition in livers of mice. Meanwhile, EQG notably decreased the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and mRNA levels of NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-1β, TNF-α, down-regulated the expression of F4/80, IκB kinase β (IKKβ), NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and inhibited the activation of NF-κB and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (caspase-1). These findings announced that EQG could improve NAFLD via NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway possibly, which provides a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of EQG in clinic.