Objective To investigate clinical efficacy of different ventilator parameters on acute left heart failure.Methods One hundred and nineteen patients with acute left heart failure were randomly divided into A,B,C,D group.Patients in A,B,C,D groups were treated separately with higher air pressure,high pressure,medium pressure or low pressure respectively.In each group,clinical efficacy,heart rate (HR),arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2),partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and pH were measured.Results There were significant differences among the four groups in terms of HR,PaO2,SpO2,PaCO2 and pH (F =32.21,29.46,12.34,36.47,18.38 ; P ＜ 0.05).Compared with that in A,C and D group,the levels of HR,PaO2,SpO2,PaCO2 and pH in B group were significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile those indices in B group were difference among before and after treatment (t =12.25,13.46,8.75,9.83,2.58 ;P ＜ 0.05).The efficacy rates of four groups were significant different (x2 =0.97,P =0.012),and in B group was 93.1％,higher than that of other 3 groups(71.0％,65.6％,51.8％ ;P ＜0.05).Condusion The ventilator parameters(10-15 cmH2O,55％-75％ FiO2 at beginning and later revised the FiO2 to 30％-40％) was proved to be worthy in treating acute left heart failure.

In this paper, the morphological development of periderm of the hands and feet of 21 human embryos were investigated. The estimated gestational age (EGA) of the collected specimens were 6-24 weeks.On 36th to 41st days of EGA, the cells of embryonic periderm were seen to be flat and polygonal in shape. Microvilli were seen on the cell surface. At the end of 7th week the cells showed conspicuous central elevations as cobblestones. After 11th week, a large single bleb occurring on the cell surface were observed. At 4th month, the number of the blebs increased and complex blebs were formed. Larger blebs showed infoldings and furrows. Then the blebs disappeared and the cell surface became flat again. The cells of periderm began to shed at 17th week.The development of periderm on the hands appeared earlier than that on the feet. The degree of the development of periderm in different regions of hands and feet may be different. The possible significance of the periderm was discussed.

The surface morphology and histogenesis of small intestine of human embryos (from 6 to 36 weeks) were studied by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. The results indicated that some low prominences began to form at 6 weeks of gestation and then transformed to round tuberculum, after that to polygonal column. The finger-like intestinal villi were formed finally at the end of 3 months. There was a apparent proximodistal gradient of the morphological maturation of villi and the histogenesis of intestine from duodenum, jejunum to ileum. Splitted and branched villi were found. From 18 weeks onward, the respective characteristics of villi in the three segments of small intestine appeared. Neutral mucus and sialomucus were mainly secreted by the goblet cells, while sulphomucus was secreted by the goblet cells of ileum during the late gestation. By 6-12 weeks the microvilli of duodenum were shorter than that of jejunum and ileum but they increased in height to 1.4?m at 18 weeks. The height of microvill at jejunum and ileum were 0.8-1.0?m from 14 weeks to 32 weeks. Tufts of thick and long microvilli among short microvilli were found. The formation of villi, secretion of goblet cells and microvilli was discussed.

Objective To explore improvement of orthotopic liver transplantation model in rhesus monkey.Methods Healthy rhesus monkeys were chosen to perform orthotopic liver transplantation for 10 cases.The model was established by drawing on a variety of animal model methods,and the portal vein cuff method was used to establish stable model of orthotopic liver transplantation in rhesus monkeys.Results Ten orthotopic liver transplantation models in rhesus were performed,and the achievement ratio of operation was 10/10.The time of donor hepatectomy and donor preparation was (20?5) min and (30?7) min,respectively.The operation time of recipient and anhepatic phase were (180?35) min and (17?4) min,respectively.After 24 h of operation 9 cases survived,one case died of intra-abdominal hemorrhage after 9 h of operation.After 72 h of operation 8 cases survived,and one case died of upper gastrointestinal bleeding after 38 h of operation.After one week of operation 5 cases survived,and 3 cases died of rejection after 9,11,and 11 d of operation,respectively.The longest survival time was 32 d,but all of them also died of rejection.No portal vein thrombosis and biliary complications were found in all recipients.Conclusion The improved rhesus monkey model of orthotopic liver transplantation is easy to perform with high achievement ratio of operation.It is an ideal animal model for pre-clinical studies of liver transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Various factors contribute to the establishment of liver transplantation models in rhesus monkey, the rate of successful operation and long-term survival are very low. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cause of early death following liver transplantation in rhesus monkey. METHODS: Liver transplantation models were fabricated with the classical and modified methods in rhesus monkeys. Operation of donor was performed quickly by a big crucial incision of abdomen. The improved double-cuff of the portal vein and inferior vena cava were finished, in addition to stay pipe of biliary tract in the process of repairing donor liver. Operation of the receptor was performed by classical orthotopic liver transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 25 pairs of rhesus monkeys were successfully for establishing liver transplantation models. Seven rhesus monkeys died within early stage of post-operation, including six out of nine monkeys died by using the classical approach and one out of sixteen monkeys died by using the improved approach. There were five of seven monkeys died of intra-abdominal hemorrhage, one died of primary graft nonfunction and one died of respiratory failure. Results indicated that, the major death cause after classical orthotopic liver transplantation in rhesus monkey is abdominal hemorrhage. The improved methods of liver transplantation apparently reduce the hemorrhage and raise early survival rate following liver transplantation.

Objective To explore the indication and feasibility of laparoscopic hepatectomy. Methods Clinical data of 6 patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) were collected and retrospectively anallyzed,5 of them with lesions located in surface or edge of Ⅱ -Ⅵ segment,one of them with lesion in Ⅷ segment. These lesions were 5 - 9.6 cm, the average diameter was (6.64 ± 2.60) cm. There were 4 cases of liver cavernous hemangioma, and 2 case of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia. The liver functions of 6 cases w ere in Child Pugh A . Results All 6 patients were applied laparoscopic hepatetomy successfully, 5 cases were performed partial resection, 1 case underwent laparoscopic hepatic left lateral lobectomy. The average operation time was( 105.17 ± 27.97 )minutes, and the intraoperative average hemorrhage was (247. 50 ± 90.91 ) mL. All of the lesions were completely removed. There were no postoperative complications such as bile leakage or hemorrhage. All patients recovered well. The average postoperative hospitalization was (4.16 ± 1.60)days: Conclusions Laparoscopic hepatectomy is safe and feasible for lesion located in the edge or sur face of liver and left liver.

BACKGROUND:Nuclear factor-κB as an important nuclear transcription factor, is a converge point for various signal transduction pathways, and participate in the regulation of reactive substances gene expression such as the immune cel proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The nuclear factor-κB plays an important role in humoral and cel ular immune. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between the nuclear factor-κB p65 protein expression and acute rejection in transplanted liver tissue of rhesus monkey. METHODS:The rhesus monkey recipients were randomly divided into two groups:acute rejection group and control group. The acute rejection group did not received anti-rejection treatment after liver transplantation, and the control group was given anti-rejection treatment during and after liver transplantation. The blood samples were col ected at 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours after transplantation, and the automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect the levels of alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of transplanted liver tissue was performed to observe the morphological structure and rejection. The degree of rejection was evaluated according to the Banff scoring system, and the expression of nuclear factor-κB p65 in the liver tissue was detected with Western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When the acute rejection occurred after liver transplantation, the liver function change was observed after liver histopathological examination, the expression of nuclear factor-κB p65 in the liver tissue was up-regulated, and the degree of acute rejection was increased. In the early stage of acute rejection, the liver function and pathology were changed slightly, while the expression of nuclear factor-κB p65 was significantly increased. The results indicate that the detection of nuclear factor-κB p65 in the transplanted liver tissue has great significance for the early diagnosis of acute rejection after liver transplantation, and the nuclear factor-κB may be the new target for control ing the acute rejection.

Objective To compare the planned radiation dose and the actual dose received after 125I radioactive seeds implantation supported by coplanar template (CPT) in lung cancer patients with mediastinal node metastases 4R,and to evaluate the clinical efficacy.Methods Totally 32 patients with lung cancer with mediastinal lymph node metastases 4R who had been diagnosed via cellular pathology studies were selected from January 2008 to December 2014.The mediastinal lymph node metastases were treated by CPT-assisted 125I radioactive seed implantation.Digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) data were acquired by chest CT scan before implantation,brachytherapy radiation treatment planning system (BTPS) was introduced to carry out the plan,and the prescribed dose(PD) was 120 Gy.CPT was used to control the precision of needle penetration and implantation of radioactive seeds.Computer tomography (CT) was used to ensure the correct position of needles and radioactive seeds.Dose evaluation was performed immediately after implantation and was compared with planned dose using paired t-test.The 6-months postoperative chest CT was conducted to evaluate treatment efficacy according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors(RECIST Version 1.1).Results All patients went through implantation procedure successfully.Dose evaluation after implantation was as followed.The average dose received (231.9 ±29.6)Gy,the dose received by 90％ of the target(D90) (150.8 ± 16.6) Gy,the dose received by 100％ of the target(D100) (100.4 ± 12.6)Gy,the volume of 100％PD covering the target(V100)(94.1 ± 2.6) ％,the volume of 200％ PD covering the target(V200) (33.0 ± 5.7) ％,the conformal index (CI) 0.75 ±0.06,the external index(EI) (22.7 ± 5.8)％,the average dose received by the superior vena cava (19.3 ± 7.2)Gy,and the average dose received by aorta (12.1 ± 5.1)Gy.Efficacy was followed for 6 months after implantation and the effective rate was 84.37％.There was no serious complications (such as radioactive lung injury,major vascular injury,bleeding,and et al.) occurred in follow-up period.Conclusions CPT assisted CT guided 125I radioactive seed imnplantation in treating mediastinal node metastases 4R can achieve preoperative BTPS,minimize major vascular or organ injury.It is an accurate,effective and safe treatment approach and may be of great value to standardize the procedure of radioactive seed implantation in mediastinal metastases.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Tiangou Jiangya capsule on blood pressure and hemodynamics in anesthetized Beagle dogs.

METHODAnesthetized dogs were divided into five groups: Tiangou Jiangya capsule 3-dose groups as 1.6, 3.2, 6.4 g x kg(-1), positive control group was giving captopril, negative control was giving 0.5% CMC-Na, duodenal administration. The blood pressure and hemodynamic changes were observed.

RESULTThe systolic blood pressure of middle-dose Tiangou Jiangya capsule group was significantly reduced at 30 min after administration. The systolic blood pressure (SAP) and diastolic blood pressure (DAP) of high-dose group of Tiangou Jiangya capsule was significantly reduced at 15 min to 90 min after administration. High-dose Tiangou Jiangya capsule can also significantly reduce cardiac work (LVW) and total peripheral resistance (TPR). Tiangou Jiangya capsule had no significant effect on the other hemodynamic parameters and myocardial oxygen consumption.

CONCLUSIONTiangou Jiangya capsule has a significant effect on reducing blood pressure, which is related to the reducing total peripheral resistance and reducing cardiac work. The result can provide a reference to further clarify the Tiangou Jiangya capsule mechanism on reducing blood pressure.

Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Benzyl Alcohols ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Furans ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Lignans ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Oxygen Consumption ; drug effects ; Vascular Resistance ; drug effects

Objective To observe the effects of nonylphenol(NP)on the intracellular calcium concentration changes and cell proliferation,and the involvement of GPR30 receptor in H9c2 cell. Methods The intracellular calcium concentration changes were recorded by using intracellular calcium determination method and cell proliferation was observed by MTT method in H9c2 cell. Results NP(1×10-10 mol/L)increased the intra?cellular calcium concentration changing amplitude and promoted the proliferation of H9c2 cells,while NP(1×10-6 mol/L)decreased intracellular calcium concentration changing amplitude and suppressed cell proliferation. G15 could block the promoting effect of 1×10-10 mol/L NP on the intracel?lular calcium concentration and cell proliferation,but could not block the inhibition of 1×10-6 mol/L NP on the intracellular calcium increase and cell proliferation. Conclusion The results indicate that NP affect rapid calcium signal changes and cell proliferation in non?monotonic dose dependent manner,and its mechanism may be due to the different involvement of GPR30 receptor in different concentrations.