Objective To investigate the protective mechanism of 7-nitro indazole (7-NI) in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Methods Seventy-two Wistar rats of 7-day-old were randomly divided into the sham-operation、HIBD and 7-NI treated group. The HIBD models were established in 7-NI treated and HIBD groups.7-NI (100 mg/kg) or peanut oil (10 ml/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 0.5 h before hypoxia in 7-NI treated group or HIBD group. NOS,NO,SOD and MDA were examined at different time (1 h、2 h、6 h、8 h). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL) method was used to detect neuronal apoptosis. Results NOS and NO level of HIBD group at different time were significantly higher than that of the sham-operation group [NOS:1 h (3.345?0.367)U/mg, 8 h (4.469?0.275) U/mg vs (1.555?0.223) U/mg; NO: 1 h (2.419?0.254) ?mol/g, 8 h (3.556?0.309) ?mol/g vs (0.749?0.135) ?mol/g, P

BACKGROUND: Uncoupling of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is the main cause for transplantation rejection, and it is the best way to prevent transplantation rejection by induce immunological tolerance of the recipient to the donor organ. Self-tolerant T cells can be obtained by negative selection in thymus, whether the intrathymic injection of allogenic antigen can get the immunological tolerance to the antigen?OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of intrathymic injection of allogenic antigen on inducing immunological tolerance in nerve transplantation.DESIGN: A comparative observation.SETTINGS: Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University; Department of Orthopaedics, Fourth Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University.MATERIALS: Thirty donor C57BL/6 mice (H-2b), male, aged from 6-8 weeks, weighing 18-22 g, were purchased from the Veterinarian Institute of Heilongjiang Province; While 60 recipient Balb/c mice (H-2b) female, aged from 6-8 weeks, weighing 18-22 g, from Beijing Experimental Animal Center. MHC (H-2b) antigen was prepared by the Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, and the concentration of protein was 4.4 g/L.METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University from June to November 2002. The recipient Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: intrathymic injection group, syngenic transplantation group, allogenic transplantation group and immunosuppressant drug group. MHC (H-2b) antigen was extracted from splenic cells of donor C57BL/6 mice and injected intrathymically into recipient Balb/c mice (H-2d). Two weeks later, the sciatic nerve was transplanted to the recipient mice. Mixed lymphocyte reaction and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) were detected at 3 weeks after transplantation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The differences of mixed lymphocyte reaction and DTH were compared among the groups.RESULTS: All the 30 donor C25BL/6 mice (H-2b) and 60 recipient Balb/c mice (H-2d) were involved in the analysis of results.①Results of mixed lymphocyte reaction: The cell proliferations in the syngenic transplantation group and intrathymic injection group were obviously lower than that in the allogenic transplantation group [(546.1±75.1), (2 668.3±533.8), (3 101.3±429.1), (4 312.3±534.1) minutes-1, P＜0.05].②Results of DTH: The thicknesses difference between two pads in the syngenic transplantation group and intrathymic injection group were obviously lower than that in the allogenic transplantation group [(41.1±3.7), (72.1±5.1), (57.6±11.3), (86.2±13.2)μm, P＜0.05].CONCLUSION:The intrathymic injection of donor H-2b antigen could induce immunological tolerance of nerve transplantation.

Objective To explore the protective effects of quercetin on damage induced by oxidative stress and to clari?fy its molecular mechanism. Methods Chang liver cell cultures were randomly divided into control groups, H2O2 group and 3 doses of quercetin groups. Cell survival rate was detected with MTT. Cell apoptotic rate was measured by FACS(Fluores?cence-activated cell sorting). Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in Chang liver cells were tested by flow cy?tometer. The DCF fluorescence intensity of DCFH-DA-stained intracellular ROS was observed by fluorescence microscope. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined in liver cells using commercial available kits. The expression of Nrf2 were detected by Western blot. Re?sults Compared with control, cell survival rate and levels of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px decreased significantly in H2O2 group (P < 0.05 ),while cell appotosis rate, content of MDA and mean fluorescence intensity(MFI) increased in H2O2 group (P <0.05). In comparison with H2O2, expression of Nrf2 protein was higher in all three quercetin treatment groups (P<0.05). Con?clusion Quercetin protected Chang liver cells from H2O2-induced oxidative stress, which may be caused by the increased ex?pressions of down stream antioxidant genes via activating the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway.

A rapid resolution liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric ( RRLC-QTOF/MS) method was used to profile the metabolites of urine samples from atherosclerosis ( AS) patients and healthy controls and find the differential metabolites which could provide the scientific evidence to explain the pathogenesis and early disease diagnose. In the study, 15 AS patients ( age46. 84±2. 41 years) and 15 healthy controls ( age45 . 72±1 . 93 years ) was screened out by VaSera VS-1000 . The urine samples were analyzed by RRLC-QTOF/MS and the resulting data matrices were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis ( Principal Component Analysis, PCA ) to find the potential biomarkers. The results showed that the urine samples of AS patients were successfully distinguished from those of healthy controls. Besides, a total of two significantly changed metabolites, uric acid and Guanidineacetic acid, had been found and identified as potential biomarkers, which suggested that the disorder of purine metabolism and amino acid metabolism played an important role in the mechanism of AS.

A rapid resolution liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometric ( RRLC-Q-TOF/MS) method combined with multivariate statistical analysis was applied to investigate the changes of endogenous metabolites in murine urine before and after ultraviolet B ( UVB ) irradiation for the purpose of discussing the physiological mechanism of acute injury caused by UVB radiation. A narrow-band UVB ( NB-UVB) (TL-01, peak value 312nm) was used to establish the acute light damage model. The urine samples were centrifuged before four times dilution treatment, subsequently the diluted urine samples were separated on a Supelco Ascentis Express C18 column using water (0. 1% formic acid) and acetonitrile as mobile phase by gradient elution. The differences metabolites with major contribution for grouping were found out based on the metabolic profiling analysis of principal component analysis ( PCA) and cluster analysis ( CA) , which could illustrate their possible mechanism of actions by means of relevant pathways. A prediction model was built to investigate the forecasting ability of the acute photo damage induced by UVB irradiation through the partial least square discriminant analysis ( PLS-DA ) . The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that the blank control group was separated from UVB model group quite well, 11 endogenous metabolites were identified as the potential biomarkers through comparison with the database, tandem mass spectrum data and standard substance, which indicated the UVB radiation may affect the sphingolipid metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways. These different metabolites could be helpful for diagnosing the light damage induced by UVB radiation

Objective To evaluate the contraception efficacy, mode of bleeding, side effects and other positive effects of drospirenone-ethinylestradiol (Yasmin) in healthy Chinese women. Methods This was a multicenter, randomized, control study of 768 healthy Chinese women who consulted about contraception. The subjects were randomized into Yasmin group (30 μg ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg drospirenone, 573 cases) or desogestrel group (30 μg ethinylestradiol plus 150 μg desogestrel, 195 cases) with the ratio of 3: 1. Each individual was treated for 13 cycles. Further visits were required at cycle 4, cycle 7, cycle 10 and cycle 13 of treatment. Weight, height, body mass index were evaluated at each visit. The menstrual distress questionnaire (MDQ) was given to the women at baseline, visit 3 (cycle 7) and visit 5 (after cycle 13). Results The values of basal features were similar between two groups (P> 0.05). The Pearl index (method failure) of Yasmin was 0. 208/hundred women year which was lower than that of desogestrel (0. 601/hundred women year). The mode of bleeding was similar between two groups after trial without showing any significant difference. According to MDQ subscale, the improvement of water retention and increasing appetite during inter-menstrual period and water retention and general well-being during menstrual period in the Yasmin group ( -0. 297, -0. 057, 0. 033, 0. 150 respectively) was more obvious than that in the desogestrel group ( - 0. 108, 0. 023, 0. 231, - 0. 023 respectively) with a significant difference (P < 0. 05 ). Some other values which improved in beth two groups, especially the improvement of breast tenderness and pain and skin abnormality in Yasmin group (18.0%, 89/494; 12. 6%, 62/494) was more distinct than that in desogestrel group (11.3%, 19/168; 5.4%, 9/168). The mean weight increased in desogestrel group (0. 57 kg) while it decreased in Yasmin group ( -0. 28 kg) with a significant difference (P < 0. 01 ). Conclusions Both Yasmin and desogestrel have good efficacy on contraception and similar modes of menstrual bleeding. Yasmin is better than desogestrel in terms of weight control and premenstrual syndrome of oral contraceptive.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD)and risk factors in the adult population of Tianshan district in Urumqi, Xinjiang. Methods A total of 2131 residents from 4 communities in Tianshan district of Urumqi city were randomly selected using a stratified, multistage sampling. All the residents were interviewed and tested for morning spot urine of albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) (abnormal ≥ 30 mg/g), morning spot urine dipstick of hematuria ( abnormal ＞3 red blood cells/HP or greater) and pyuria ( abnormal＞ 5 white blood cells/HP) confirmed by microscopy. Renal function was determined with abbreviated MDRD equation [reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)＜60 ml ·min-1 ·(1.73 m2)-1]. The associations of kidney damage indicators with age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, income,education, cholesterol, triglyceride and smoking were examined. Results Eligible data of 2131 subjects were collected in the study. After the adjustment of age and gender component, the prevalence of albuminuria was found in 2.63％ (95％CI:1.78％-3.48％) of subjects, hematuria in 7.43％(95％CI:6.11％-8.75％) and reduced renal function in 1.72％(95％CI:1.08％-2.35％).Approximately 9.99％(95％CI:8.47％-11.55％) of subjects had at least one indicator of kidney damage. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that albuminuria, hematuria, age and hyperuricemia were independently associated with reduced renal function. Hematuria and reduced renal function were independently associated with albuminuria. Albuminuria, reduced renal function and female were independently associated with hematuria. Conclusion In urban adult population over 35 years old of Urumqi, a big city in western China, the prevalence of CKD is 9.99％, the recognition is 2.44％ and the risk factors of CKD are similar to those of other domestic big cities and western developed countries.

Objective: To evaluate the concordance of PD-L1 expression in various tissues using antibodies 28-8 and SP263 on their respective detection platforms. Methods: Three hundred seventy four specimens of surgical resection of pulmonary diseases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 1, 2012 to January 31, 2017 were collected. Totally 374 cases were tested for PD-L1 expression using the two antibodies, 28-8 and SP263, by respective detection platforms (Dako and Ventana). Finally, 336 cases were used for further evaluation, and the results were statistically analyzed for concordance. Results: For non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), the positive rate of PD-L1 was 57.5% (177/308) using SP263, and 57.5% (177/308) using 28-8 antibody. The correlation coefficient was 0.97 (P<0.01). The positive rate of both benign lung diseases and paracancerous tissues was about 10.7% (3/28), and the positive concordance rate was 100.0%. The distribution of both antibodies was also relatively consistent. Conclusions The expression levels of 28-8 and SP263 antibodies in NSCLC and other tissues are relatively consistent, suggesting both antibodies may be complementary and substitute for each other, which may be useful in guiding clinical management.

Synaptic dysfunction plays an important role in the early stage of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and there are differences in the pattern of synaptic damage in different genotypes. GRN gene mutations are rare in the Chinese population, and there are no reports of synaptic damage patterns in GRN mutations or semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA). The synaptic injury characteristics of a patient with svPPA harboring GRN gene mutations, which was characterized by decreased synaptic density in the left frontal, temporal, parietal lobe and contralateral cerebellum were reported in this article. The underlying mechanism of synaptic dysfunction involved in the disease process, and potential targets for future clinical interventions were indicated.

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the hospital is faced with such challenges as sustained input in patient screening, referral and rescue, supportive medical supplies including the management of personal protective supplies and the maintenance of medical equipment. In the face of increasing workload, the medical materials support team of the hospital took the following measures in the principles of " discovering new sources of supplies and minimizing consumption" . These measures taken include proactive supply procurement strategy, prioritizing allocations based on risk exposure, uniform distribution of supplies based on inventory and usage, and traceable management for donated supplies; optimal and central deployment of equipments, emergency installation, pre-maintenance and emergency repairs for equipments; efficient and safe sterilization of reusable materials and equipments using sterilizers; enhanced personnel training and management to keep updating the medical supplies capacity of the team. All these efforts have contributed significantly to the orderly work of epidemic control.