Objective To analyze the immunological feature of the multiple myeloma. Methods The serum of 117 cases were detected by serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis;and analyzed quantitatively immune globulin(IgG、IgA、IgM) ,total protein and albumin. Results Monoclone protein peak was found in 67 patients out of 117 patients tested(57.3%) ,it located mainly at γ border. Immunoglobulin G was found in 62 patients out of 117 patients tested(53.0%). Immunoglobulin A was 19 cases(16.3%) ,Immunoglobulin M was 12 cases(10. 1%) ,DL was 2 cases(1.7%) ,free light chain was 22 cases(18.8%). Homotypic immunoglobulin level increased notably and non-correspond constituent was low in immunoglobulin test. The protein quantified displayed that total protein increased and albumin decreased in different level. Conclusion The seroimmunological index played a crucial role in diagnois,clinical stage and prognosis of MM.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of frequent relapse primary nephritic syndrome (PNS) in children according to the statistical analysis of their clinical data and laboratory examinations. Method We collected in-hospital and out-patient medical records of children who were diagnosed PNS from Jan. 2007 to Feb. 2010 and whole clinical data were analyzed. Results In 245 cases of children with steroid sensitine nephrotic syndrome, non-frequent replapse (NFR) accounted for 82.4% and frequent relapse (FR) accounted for 17.6%. In univariate analysis, period of first relapse between initial treatment remission within 3 months , level of serum total protein and cholesterol and IgE at onset had statistical significance in FR children and NFR children, which were significant predictors of FR. The logistic regression analysis revealed that the first relapse after initial treatment remission within 3 months and increasing of serum IgE level (more than 358 IU/ml)were risk factors of FR. Among frequent relapses factors, infection, especially upper respiratory tract infection was the first (65. 1%). The relapse with motivation mainly in January to March, accounted for 30. 4%. Conclusion FR had a proportion of 17. 6% in children with PNS under regular glucocorticoid treatment. It showed seasonality feature that relapse. peak in winter and spring. Level of the serum total protein less than 40g/L and cholesterol more than 10mmol/L at onset can be predictive index of FR. Infections are the main motivation of relapse, but the relapse by irregular treatment and specific constitutions should be pay more attentions too.

Objective To study the epidemic characters and tendency of HIV/AIDS (Human immunodeficiency virus/ Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) from serologic check results.Methods 36 021 specimens of suspected clinical cases and routine cases before surgery in Xinjiang Urumqi Uiger Municipal People's Hospital were detected from 2001—2004. At first, these cases werescreened by ELISA(Enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay) , then ascertained by desease-control center and AIDS surveillance systems through WB , HIV RNA were estimated by the application of RT-PCR , CD cell were counted with flow cytometry.Result Prevalence figures have risen sharply from 1999—2001 and increased steadily since 2002 , the positive rates of anti-HIV were 0.714%(259 cases) . 38 percents cases were female (97/259), female ratio had the increasing trend and 3 cases were found as intrauterine infection . 80% cases were adolescent(16 year old to 35 year old) , 85.6% cases were Uiger minority , 94% and 67.7% cases were drug abuse through vein and non-occupation respectively.83.3% and 8.69% cases were found in north and south of Xinjiang respectively.The positive rates of virus nucleic acid were 50% , in which 76%(19/25) were 104~105 cop/ml. CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8 were all abnormal,CD4/CD8 ratio decreased to 96%,The number of CD4 cells was remarkably reduced 56%; while CD8 cells was significantly rised 60%;Inpatients increased gradually. Among them , 80% cases were dead due to infection , 16.7% surgical cases were fracture spontaneously.Conclusion The serologic detection of anti- HIV , HIV RNA , CD cell counts had confirmed AIDS episode later ; The progress was more rapidly;infectious rate of female was increased and followed intrauterine infection in Xinjiang.The numbers of episode and death were in growth stage , antivirus therapy were imperative.

The online teaching quality assessment system that was established by embedding the professional knowledge into the teaching of literature retrieval course, can help the students master the methods and skills to ac-cess and use the literature information they need and the basic knowledge of subjects in which they major .

Objective To explore the relationship among genetic polymorphism of angiotension Ⅱ type 1 re-ceptor(AT1 R) A1166-C, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D), aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2)-344T/C and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy.Methods Polymerase chain reaction-re-striction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was used to detect the genotypes of AT1 R A1166-C ,ACE (I/O) ,CYP11B2 -344T/C in 86 cases of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and 175 cases of normal control.Results There was 18 combined types in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy cases and normal control cases.Compared to AT1R-AA + ACE-Ⅱ + CYP11B2-TT, Odds ratios (OR) of AT1R-AA + ACE-DO +CYP11B2-TC,AT1 R-AC + ACE-ID+CYP11B2-TC and AT1R-AC+ACE-DD+CYP11B2-TC are 7.289,5.315 and 5.694 respectively.There was no statistical significance among the others.Conclusion In all 18 kinds of combined types, AT1 R-AA + ACE-DO + CYP11B2-TC,AT1R-AC+ACE-ID+CYP11B2-TC and AT1 R-AC + ACE-DD +CYP11B2-TC might increase the susceptibility of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy.It is possible that multigenes are interacted in the etiology of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy.

Objective To investigate the effects of azithromycin on serum indicators, urine indicators, renal pathology, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), nephrin and podocalyxin in adriamycin(ADR)-induced nephropathy(ADN) rats. Methods ADR nephropathy was induced by a tail intravenous injection of ADR. The rats were randomly divided into azithromycin-treated group, prednisone -treated group, integrated treatment group, model group and control group. Serum index and 24 h urine protein were measured serially at 0, 4th, 8th weeks. The values of creatinine clearance (Ccr) were calculated. Kidney tissues were collected for microscopy observation. The expressions of nephrin, podocalyxin and ICAM-1 in renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry SP. Results Compared with normal control group, at the 4th week, 24 hours urine protein and albumin reached the level of ADR nephropathy model. Compared with model group, at the 8th week, 24 h urine protein, cholesterol, serum creatinine, renal pathology changes in the three treated group rats were significantly reduced (P<0.05), serum total protein, albumin and Ccr (except C group) significantly raised (P<0.05), ECM/GA and renal pathology score significantly reduced (P<0.01), ICAM-1 significantly decreased (P<0.01), nephrin and podocalyxin significantly increased. Besides, the curative effect of integrated treatment was better than other treatment group. Conclusions Azithromycin induces similar responses in ADR nephropathy as prednisone, but its early protective effect of renal function is worse than prednisone.The integrated treatment of azithromycin and prednisone has a synergistic effect, and the efficacy is superior to each drug alone.

Objective To test whether multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification(MLPA)could be used for the prenatal detection of the most common aneuploidies of chromosomes 13,18,21,X,and Y.Methods 34 cases including 22 blood samples(12 with trisomy 21,1 with monosomy X,one male witll extra Y and 8 healthy persons),4 cord blood samples with Down syndrome and 8 amniotic fluid samples ( 1 with trisomy 21 and 7 normal fetuses)were recruited into this study.All samples were confirmed by karvotype analysis. DNA was extracted from blood and amniotic lysate was incubated with proteinase K.MLPA was used to determine the relative copy numbers.Results The resuhs were available within 48 h and were concordant with karyotype analysis in all but one case of amniotic fluid that was suggested to be triploid sample 69,XXY by MLPA or contaminated by maternal blood.This sample actually was found containing a number of red blood cells after centfifugation in test. In total,the concordance rate with clinical characteristics was 97.1%.The Ratio values of 13,18,21,X in normal samples were approaching 1.0 except chromosome Y having slightly higher variation in relative copy number.The difference of ratio means between the normal and trisomy 21 samples was statistically significant by one-way ANOVA(F=298.906.P=0.000).Conclusion Computer assisted MLPA with high sensitivity is a rapid,simple,automatic and reliable method for detection of common chromosomal aneuploidies.

Objective To screen the genes most relevant to lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer and identify the genes at the key knots of the regulatory network to provide the potential targets for cervical cancer intervention.Methods The transcriptional profiling database of TCGA was used, and random forests algorithm was adopted to rank the genes related to lymph node metastasis extracted from GeneCards database.STRING and Cytospace tolls were used to build the interactive regulatory network and identify the most weighted genes localized in the central of the network.DAVID platform was used to perform a functional annotation for the whole geneset.Results We ranked 2784 genes in respect to their potential contributions to lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer and identified the genes at the key knob.The genes related to cancer metastasis were enriched to cytokines pathway, MAPK pathway, wnt pathway, intercellular interaction, adhesive conjunction, cellular skeleton regulation, etc.Some of the identified key genes, like EGFR, NOTCH1, RHOA, etc. have been verified to be closely related cervical cancer metastasis in the basic and clinical research. Conclusion Random forests algorithm is useful, taking advantages of TCGA database, in enriching the genes playing significant role in cervical cancer metastasis.A majority of the genes in the analyzed geneset were indicated to be significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis.

Objective To explore changes of urine transferrin (TFR),micro albumin (mALb),β2 microspheres protein (MG),α1MG and N-acetylβ-D amino group (NAG) in children with kidney injury induced by cytomegalovirus (CMV) infec?tion, and the outcome after treatment. Methods Fifty children with CMV infection were used as case group, and 35 chil?dren of convalescence stage of upper respiratory tract infection were used as control group. The serum levels of creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN),β2MG, liver function, CMV-IgM, CMV-PCR and brainstem auditory (BAEP), head CT and urine routine test, urine TFR, mALb,β2MG,α2MG and NAG were detected. The sputum CMV-PCR was detected if childrencombined with CMV pneumonia. Ganciclovir (5mg/kg) was given to two groups, 1/12 h i.v. for 14 d. The urine TFR,mALb,β2MG, α2MG and NAG were detected again after treatment. Results There were no significant differences in the urine mALb and TFR between the two groups. The urine levels ofα1MG, NAG andβ2MG were higher in case group than those of control group. The urine levels ofα1MG, NAG andβ2MG were decreased after 2-week treatment in case group. There were no significant differences in urine mALb and TFR before and after treatment. Conclusion The combined detection ofβ2MG,α1MG and NAG can predict CMV kidney damage in children at a early stage.

Aim To determine the protective effect of NADPH oxidase against focal cerebral ischemia/reper-fusion ( I/R) injury in rats. Method A thread occlu-sion method was used to make a middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO ) model. Apocynin ( 2. 5 mg · kg-1 ) was injected by tail vein 15 min before ischemi-a. Then, the neurological behavior, cerebral infarction volume, pathological morphological changes and the expression of Cx36, PKC, Bax, Bcl-2 of rats were de-tected after ischemia for 2 h, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. Results Compared with cerebral I/R group, administration of apocynin significantly reduced the neurological behavior scores and the cerebral in-farction volume percentage, alleviated the pathological morphological damage, increased the protein expres-sion of Cx36 and PKC, and reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ra-tio of rats with focal cerebral I/R injury. Compared with apocynin group , apocynin combined with PKC inhibitor significantly reduced above protective effects. Conclusion Inhibition of NADPH oxidase could alle-viate cerebral I/R injury, increase the levels of Cx36, PKC proteins and reduce the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.