Objective To investigate the health education needs and available resources in schistosomiasis-endemic areas based on integration of community resources, and to explore the operation pathways for health education and promotion during the stage of schistosomiasis elimination. Methods A community was selected from Nanji Township, Xinjian District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province around the Poyang Lake areas as the study site, and a questionnaire survey on health education needs for schistosomiasis control was conducted among permanent residents at ages of 20 years in the community during the period between June and July, 2022 using face-to-face interviews. In addition, the resources available for the community-based schistosomiasis control health education were investigated among workers in township-level specialized institutions, members of civil society organizations, villagers, teachers and high and primary school students through field observations, field surveys and thematic interviews. Results A total of 304 individuals participated in the questionnaire survey on community-based health education needs for schistosomiasis control, and 94.41% (287/304) and 93.42% (284/304) of the respondents were most interested in knowing/understanding knowledge of the morphology of schistosomes and knowledge associated with the transmission route of schistosomiasis. The four most popular patterns for disseminating schistosomiasis control knowledge included live broadcasting of schistosomiasis control videos (94.41%, 287/304), printed brochures (89.80%, 273/304), special lectures by doctors (62.50%, 190/304) and physical health education materials for schistosomiasis control (61.51%, 187/304). There were 96.71% (294/304) and 77.63% (236/304) of respondents that accepted the participation of township healthcare center and township government/village committees in dissemination of schistosomiasis control knowledge, and there were 95.72% (291/304) and 80.59% (245/304) of respondents that mainly acquired schistosomiasis control knowledge through village allocation of leaflets and volunteer schistosomiasis control activities, respectively. There was 96.71% (294/304) of respondents participating in the dissemination activities of schistosomiasis control knowledge held by village committees, township healthcare centers, and high and primary schools/kinder-gartens, and 61.25% (177/289) of respondents were willing to participate in volunteer schistosomiasis control activities. A total of 115 individuals participated in the survey of available resources for community-based schistosomiasis control health education, and there were a large number of organizational, human and cultural resources in the community that were useful for health communication services. Conclusions The abundant human and material resources from rural communities in schistosomiasis-endemic areas may be integrated into schistosomiasis control health education to generate a rural health education pathway with the joint participation of schistosomiasis control institutions, township governments, community departments and community residents, which may provide insights into the future development of schistosomiasis control health education.

Objective:To investigate the occurrence of geriatric syndromes in elderly inpatients with different grip strength levels and the effect of grip strength on geriatric syndromes and thus to provide insight for the management of geriatric syndromes in elderly inpatients.Methods:A total of 225 elderly inpatients who had received comprehensive geriatric assessment at the geriatrics department of our hospital were selected retrospectively, and their general and geriatric syndrome data were collected.With grip strength of 28 kg for men and 18 kg for women as the cut-offs, the patients were divided into the normal grip strength group(114 cases)and the decreased grip strength group(111 cases). Based on demographic characteristics including age, gender, type of work, income, educational background and social support, 1∶1 propensity score matching(PSM)for the two groups was conducted, successfully resulting in a total of 77 pairs.Differences in geriatric syndromes between the two groups were compared, and the relationship between grip strength and geriatric syndromes was analyzed in these elderly inpatients.Results:After adjustment for the general demographic characteristics by PSM, the decreased grip strength group showed higher rates than the normal grip strength group of frailty/pre-frailty(87.0% vs.55.8%), disability(53.2% vs.27.3%), malnutrition/malnutrition risk(57.1% vs.22.1%), cognitive impairment(35.1% vs.9.1%), constipation(44.2% vs.20.8%), falls(32.5% vs.13.0%)and number of geriatric syndromes(4, range: 2-5 vs.2, range: 0-4)and higher Carlson comorbidity index(CCI)scores(6, range: 5-8 vs.5range: 4-6)and higher body mass index scores[(25±3)kg/m 2vs.(23±4)kg/m 2](all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of pain, sleep disorders, depression, anxiety or polypharmacy, or in short physical performance scores between the two groups(all P>0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that decreased grip strength was positively correlated with the incidence of frailty/pre-frailty( r= 0.345), disability( r= 0.265), malnutrition/malnutrition risk( r= 0.358), cognitive impairment( r=0.313), constipation( r= 0.250), falls( r= 0.232)and number of geriatric syndromes( r=0.370)(all P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between grip strength and the incidence of pain, sleep disorder, depression or anxiety(all P> 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the normal grip strength group, the decreased grip strength group had a higher risk of developing geriatric syndromes such as frailty/pre-frailty( OR=10.906), disability( OR=4.025), malnutrition/ malnutrition risk( OR=2.699), cognitive impairment( OR=6.620), constipation( OR=2.848)and falls( OR=4.145, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Decreased grip strength is an independent risk factor for many common geriatric syndromes such as frailty/pre-frailty, disability, malnutrition/ malnutrition risk, cognitive impairment, constipation and falls.Elderly patients with decreased grip strength should be a key population group when screening for geriatric syndromes.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of lead exposure on inflammatory damage of hippocampus and cognitive impairment in diabetic rats. METHODS: The specific pathogen free(SPF) male healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and lead-exposed group. The SPF male Goto-Kakisaki Wistar rats rats were randomly divided into diabetes group and diabetes lead-exposed group, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in lead-exposed group and diabetes lead-exposed group were continuously exposed to lead acetate water with a mass fraction of 0.025% for 9 weeks. Rats in control group and diabetes group were given distilled water. The body weight and blood glucose level of rats were measured before lead exposure and at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks after exposure. After the exposure, Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the learning and memory ability of rats. The lead levels in whole blood and hippocampal tissues were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the expression of mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory factors in hippocampal tissues of rats were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunoadsorption, respectively. RESULTS: At the end of lead exposure, the difference of body mass of rats in the diabetes group and the diabetes lead-exposed group was not statistically significant compared with that in the same group before exposure(all P values were >0.05); but the body mass of rats in these two groups was lower than that of the control group and the lead-exposure group(all P values were <0.05). The blood glucose levels of rats were higher in the diabetic group and the diabetes lead-exposed group than that in the control group and the lead-exposed group, respectively(all P values were <0.05). Morris water maze test showed that the escape latency of rats in the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd day were longer in diabetes group and the diabetes lead-exposed group than that in the control group and the lead-exposed group(all P values were <0.05). The number of times of crossing platforms were less in the lead-exposed group and the diabetes group than that of the control group(all P values were <0.05). The number of times of crossing platforms was more in the diabetes lead-exposed group than that in the other 3 groups(all P values were <0.05). The levels of lead in blood and hippocampus of rats were higher in the lead-exposed group than those in the control group(all P values were <0.05), and those in the diabetes lead-exposed group were higher than that in the other 3 groups(all P values were <0.05). The relative expression of mRNA of interferon-γ(ifn-γ) and interleukin(il)-6 in hippocampal tissues of rats was higher in the lead-exposed group and the diabetes group than that of the control group(all P values were <0.05). The relative expression of mRNA of tumour necrosis factor-α(tnf-α) and il-1β in the hippocampal tissues of rats was higher in the diabetes group than that of the control group and the lead-exposed group, respectively(all P values were <0.05). The relative expression of mRNA of ifn-γ, tnf-α, il-1β and il-6 in hippocampal tissues of rats was higher in the diabetes lead-exposed group than that of the other 3 groups(all P values were <0.05). The relative protein expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-6 in hippocampal tissues of rats was higher in lead-exposed group than that of the control group(all P values were <0.05). The relative protein expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in hippocampal tissues of rats was higher in diabetes group than that of the control group(all P values were <0.05). The relative protein expression of IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-6 in hippocampal tissues of rats was higher in diabetes group than that of the other 3 groups(all P values were <0.05). CONCLUSION: Diabetes can promote the lead accumulation in the blood and hippocampus of rats. The combined effect of lead exposure and diabetes can up-regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampal tissues of rats, aggravate the inflammatory response, and have a synergistic effect on the cognitive impairment in rats.

Objective:To explore the resilience of nurses against COVID-19 in Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From February 4th to 5th 2020, this study investigated 193 nurses against COVID-19 at Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou selected by convenience sampling with the general questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) . Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of resilience.Results:Among 193 nurses, the total score of resilience was (62.60±13.70) ; the scores of three dimensions, optimism, self-reliance and tenacity were (9.59±2.37) , (21.62±4.68) and (31.40±7.74) respectively. The total score of GSES was (28.33±3.55) . Simple correlation showed that there were statistical differences in the total score of CD-RISC and dimension score of tenacity among nurses with different genders, experience of participating in emergent public health events, self-conscious readiness degree and confidence in fulfilling the task ( P<0.05) . Pearson correlation showed that resilience had a positive correlation with the general self-efficacy with a statistical difference ( r=0.474, P<0.01) . Multiple regression analysis demonstrated the influencing factors of nurses against COVID-19 were the self-conscious readiness degree, confidence in fulfilling the task and the general self-efficacy which totally explained 27.6% of the variance. Conclusions:Nurses against COVID-19 have the low level of the resilience which needs to be improved. We should pay more attention to the high-risk population, and provide a positively and effectively psychological intervention to improve the resilience of nurses against COVID-19.

Objective To investigate the expression of Situin 1 ( SIRT1) in 5 strains of human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, inclu-ding HCC827, H1650, H1975, A549 and H1299, and its relation to the susceptibility of nedaplatin ( NDP ) . Methods The SIRT1 mRNA and protein levels in 5 strains of human lung adenocarcinoma cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively. The viability of cells treated with NDP was detected by the CCK-8 method and the half growth inhibition concentra-tion ( IC50 ) was calculated. After the expressions of SIRT1 in A549, H1299, H1650 and H1975 cells were down-regulated by the siR-NA interference, the effects of NDP on the viability and apoptosis of these cells were determined by the CCK-8 method and flow cytom-etry, respectively.Results The expression levels of SIRT1 mRNA (4.53 ± 0.74, 3.11 ± 0.64, 15.76 ± 2.28 and 18.09 ± 1.17) and protein (0.23 ± 0.03, 0.21 ± 0.02, 0.52 ± 0.11 and 0.56 ± 0.08) in H1650, H1975, A549 and H1299 cells were significantly higher than that in HCC827 cells (1.00 for SIRT1 mRNA and 0.11 ± 0.02 for SIRT1 protein, F=122.10 and 26.50, respectively, P<0.01). The susceptibility of A549 and H1299 cells to NDP [IC50=(7.38 ± 1.59) and (8.14 ± 1.43) μmol/L, respectively] was significantly higher than that of HCC827, H1650 and H1975 cells [IC50=(26.16±4.35),(22.29±3.26) and (24.41 ± 2.58), respectively, F=30.86, P<0.01].The survivals of A549 and H1299 cells transfected by siSIRT1 and treated with NDP were significantly higher than that in the NC group ( F=235.10 and 39.20, respectively,P<0.01) , and the apoptotic rates were the reverse ( t=7.29 and 6.68, re-spectively, P<0.05) . However, the survivals of H1650 and H1975 cells transfected by siSIRT1 and treated with NDP were significantly lower than that in the NC group ( F=185.40 and 60.09, respectively,P<0.01) , and the apoptotic rates were the reverse ( t=6.15 and 31.36, respectively,P<0.01).Conclusion The expression of SIRT1 in A549 and H1299 cells with high expression of SIRT1 increases their susceptibility to NDP , while that in H1650 and H1975 cells with moderate expression of SIRT1 decreases their susceptibility to NDP, indicating that SIRT1 may play dual roles in the resistance of human lung adenocarcinoma cells to platinum.

Objective To explore the methods for constructing the digital three-dimensional model of fetal heart. Methods Original two-dimensional CT image data sets were collected from 4 abortion fetuses with fetal malformations but not heart malformation or chromosomal abnormalities. The three-dimensional fetal heart model was reconstructed using Mimics14.0 software. Results In the reconstructed three-dimensional fetal heart, the left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle, the ascending aorta, the main pulmonary and their branches, the superior cava and inferior vena cava were marked with different colors, and these structures could be displayed individually or with other structures. This model also allowed three-dimensional arbitrary scaling, shifting or rotation at any angle, and the diameter of the each vessel could be measured with the software. Conclusion The fetal heart model can be successfully reconstructed from the CT datasets using three-dimensional reconstruction software to facilitate clinical and anatomical teaching.

Objective To explore the methods for constructing the digital three-dimensional model of fetal heart. Methods Original two-dimensional CT image data sets were collected from 4 abortion fetuses with fetal malformations but not heart malformation or chromosomal abnormalities. The three-dimensional fetal heart model was reconstructed using Mimics14.0 software. Results In the reconstructed three-dimensional fetal heart, the left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle, the ascending aorta, the main pulmonary and their branches, the superior cava and inferior vena cava were marked with different colors, and these structures could be displayed individually or with other structures. This model also allowed three-dimensional arbitrary scaling, shifting or rotation at any angle, and the diameter of the each vessel could be measured with the software. Conclusion The fetal heart model can be successfully reconstructed from the CT datasets using three-dimensional reconstruction software to facilitate clinical and anatomical teaching.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical and pathologic features of gliosarcoma of cerebral hemispheres.

METHODSThe clinicopathologic features of 10 cases of gliosarcoma involving cerebral hemispheres were reviewed. Immunohistochemical study was carried out using EnVision method.

RESULTSThe mean age of the patients was 54 years and the male-to-female ratio was 6 to 4. Clinical symptoms included headache (6/10), nausea/vomiting (5/10), and sensory or motor impairment (4/10). Nine of the cases were primary gliosarcoma, with maximum diameter ranging from 2.4 to 5.5 cm (mean = 4.2 cm). The remaining case represented secondary gliosarcoma involving skull base and extracranial tissues. Histologic examination showed a biphasic pattern in all cases. Regarding the glial component, there were 9 cases of pleomorphic glioblastoma and 1 case of giant cell glioblastoma. Reticulin stain was positive in all cases. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells variably expressed GFAP (10/10), p16 (4/10), EGFR (1/10), CD68 (1/10) and p53 (6/10). The Ki-67 index ranged from 15% to 70% (mean = 34%). Six patients had follow-up data available. One patient was disease-free for 45 months and 5 patients died of the disease at 3 to 17 months after the operation (mean duration of survival = 9 months).

CONCLUSIONSGliosarcoma is a highly aggressive tumor, often locates in the deeper part cerebral hemispheres and has a relatively short duration of symptoms. It carries a poor prognosis. GFAP immunostain and reticulin stain are helpful in confirming the diagnosis. p53 and p16 are also expressed in some cases.

Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cerebrum ; pathology ; Female ; Glioblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gliosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuroglia ; pathology

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; immunology ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distributions of genotypic and allelic frequencies of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene K469E and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) gene C373G in patients with preeclampsia.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing were used for detecting ICAM-1 gene K469E and PECAM-1 gene C373G genotypes in 110 women with preeclampsia and 110 normotensive pregnant women in comparison with their clinical characteristics.

ESULTSThe distributions of observed and expected genotype frequencies were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No significant differences were found in the genotype and allele frequencies of ICAM-1 gene K469E between the two groups (P>0.05), but the CC and the CG genotype frequencies of PECAM-1 gene C373G were significantly different between them (P<0.05). The relative risk for preeclampsia of CG genotype was 1.959 folds of that in CC genotype carriers (OR=1.959, 95%CI: 1.090-3.520, P=0.024), and this association still existed after adjustment for age, gravidity, parity and BMI in logistic regression models. The C373G allele frequencies showed no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe CG genotype of PECAM-1 gene C373G genetically predispose the carriers to preeclampsia, while ICAM-1gene K469E polymorphisms is not associated with preeclampsia.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Pre-Eclampsia ; genetics ; Pregnancy ; Sequence Analysis, DNA