ColV~+ strains of Escherichia coli produced larger inhibitory zones when these strains grown on nutrient agar containing phosphate after overlaid sensitive indicators. This appears that production of colicin V is increased by the addition of phosphate to nutrient agar. It was sure that stimulation of phosphate to colicin V formation results from its effect in reducing divalent cation levels in nutrient agar since adding EDTA to nutrient agar had the same effect as phosphate, but the addition of Mg~(2+) or Ca~(2+) had the oppsite effect. Therefore nutrient agar supplemented with phosphate can be used to isolate and identificate ColV~+ strains of E. coli.

OBJECTIVE To assess the pathogen features and risk factors among diabetic patients complicated by lower respiratory tract nosocomial infection.METHODS A retrospective study was carried out to survey the clinical data of diabetic patients complicated by lower respiratory tract infection during from 2002 to 2005.RESULTS The main responsible pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria,their rate was 54.5%.While the rate of Gram-positive bacteria was 35.7 %.The rate of fungi was 9.8%.The risk factors of nosocomial infection included:old age,high level of blood sugar,consciousless status,longtime usage of antibiotics,oxygen inhalation and other aggressive manipulations.CONCLUSIONS In diabetic patients with lower respiratory tract infection,the incidence and mortality were all onrelatively high level.They must be given to pay attention.The chief pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria or fungi.So we should strengthen supervision and avoid risk factors,which are the keys in saving critical diabetic patients.

Human embryonic stem ceIIs(hESC),characterized by unique capacities of seIf-renewaI and differentiation into cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes,can be used in new drug screening and drug safety evaIuation processes. Cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity are major obstacIes to deveIopment and marketing of new drugs. hESC-derived cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes have structuraI and functionaI characteristics,which can be used for cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity testing in vitroand for buiIding a drug safety evaIuation system invitrothat has the advantage of short experiment cycIes,smaII dose,Iow cost and few species differences. hESC-derived cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes have broad prospects of appIication in toxicoIogy.

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether AN69 ST membrane would prolong filter lifetime in continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) without anticoagulation in patients with high risk of bleeding.Methods A single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind control trial with crossover design was conducted. From March 1st to December 31st in 2013, patients who were admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University meeting CRRT treatment indications, but could not receive systemic anticoagulation because of high risk of bleeding were studied. The selected patients were randomly divided into two groups according to a random number table, and four filters consisting of two AN69 ST100 membrane filters (A) and two traditional AN69 M100 membrane filters (B) were used for them. GroupⅠ with the filter order of A-B-A-B, and groupⅡ with the order of B-A-B-A. The clinical data of patients was recorded in detail, and conventional AN69 ST and AN69 membrane filter lifetime, their influence on coagulability, and the incidence of bleeding complications were compared.Results Seventeen patients were enrolled, with 10 in groupⅠ, and 7 in groupⅡ. The basic medical characteristics including gender, age, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ (APAECHⅡ) score, sequential organ failure score (SOFA), Acute Renal Injury Network (AKIN) stage, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), platelet count (PLT), and use of mechanical ventilation were not significantly different between two groups. But the use of vasoactive drug was more frequent in groupⅡcompared with that of groupⅠ[100.0% (7/7) vs. 30.0% (3/10),χ2 = 8.330,P = 0.010]. AN69 ST filter lifetime (n =34) was (15.92±2.10) hours, there was no statistically significant difference compared with that of AN69 membrane (t = 0.088,P = 0.942), filter lifetime of which (n = 34) was (16.12±1.38) hours. It was also found by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis that there was no significant difference between the two membrane filter lifetime (χ2=1.589,P =0.208). Logistic regression analysis showed that the life of the first filter was not correlated with coagulation indicators, including APTT, PT, INR, and PLT [APTT: odds ratio (OR) = 0.977, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.892-1.071, P = 0.623; PT:OR = 1.001, 95%CI = 0.901-1.109,P = 0.988; INR:OR = 1.078, 95%CI = 0.348-3.340,P = 0.896;PLT:OR = 0.996, 95%CI = 0.974-1.019,P = 0.735]. The application rate of vasoactive drugs, which was different between two groups for basic medical indications showed no effect on filter life time (OR = 2.541, 95%CI = 0.239-26.955,P = 0.439). Reasons of clotting in filters were also analyzed, and it was found that blood coagulation in the filter ranked the top (88.2%), and the other reasons were catheter-related problems, death, and unscheduled transport. No difference in blood coagulation function was found in both groups after treatment for 12 hours, and there was no bleeding complication.ConclusionDuring the CRRT without systemic anticoagulant, both surface-treatment with polyethyleneimine AN69 and AN69 ST membrane cannot prolong filter lifetime.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates in People’s Hospital of Qingyang during 2014 to provide evidence for rational antimicrobial therapy.Methods Bacterial strains were isolated and identified by routine methods and tested by disk diffusion method and E-test for antimicrobial susceptibility. The data were analyzed according to CLSI breakpoints using WHONET 5.6 software.Results Of the 2 121 nonduplicate strains isolated from January through December 2014, 1 565 (73.8%) were gram-negative and 556 (26.2%) were gram-positive strains. The top ifve pathogens wereE. coli, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, S. aureusand P. aeruginosa. The prevalence of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase negativeStaphylococcus (MRCNS) was 44.6% and 15.4%, respectively.E. coli was the most common gram-negative bacterial species, whileS. aureus was the most common gram-positive bacteria species. Gram-positive bacteria were still highly susceptible to vancomycin, and gram-negative bacteria (such as Enterobacteriaceae) were still highly susceptible to carbapenems.ConclusionsE. coli is the most prevalent pathogen isolated from inpatients in this hospital during 2014. The prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains is the highest inE. coli isolates. The pathogenic bacteria in this hospital showed increasing resistance to a variety of antibacterial agents. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance and effective control measures are necessary to control the growing antimicrobial resistance.

Objective:Our aim was to To clarify the roles of p16 and p15 proteins in the genesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL).Methods:Twenty-three samples of ALL were studied by the method of indirect immunofluorescence.Flow cytometer was used to estimate the cellular fluorescent intensity to determine the levels of p16 and p15 proteins.Results:Negative expression for p16 protein was found in 10 of 23 samples,and 8 of 23 were p15 negative expression.Both kinds of proteins were abscent in 6 samples.2 of 3 cases of T-ALL were negative expression of p16,p15 protein.In non T-ALL,6 of 13 were negative expression for p16 protein,5 of 13 were p15 protein deficient.The expression rates of p16,p15 protein in high leukocyte group were lower than those of non-high leukocyte group(P<0.05).The expression rates of p16,p15 proteins in HR-ALL were lower than those of SR-ALL(P<0.05).Conclusion:The p16 and p15 proteins take part in the genesis of ALL.Negative expression of p16,p15 proteins might imply the poor clinical outcome.

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors involving lymph node metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma and evaluate if the risk factors would be effective in predicting neck lymph node metastasis.

METHODSBased on the original data of 106 cases with carcinoma of tongue, four related factors, including maximal diameter, degree of differentiation, mode of invasion and histological grade of malignancy were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSThe maximal diameter and the grade of tumor cell differentiation showed no significant correlation with cervical lymph node metastasis; but the mode of invasion and the histological grade of malignancy demonstrated a significant correlation.

CONCLUSIONThe results obtained suggested that the mode of invasion and the histological grade of malignancy were closely related to cervical lymph node metastasis.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Tongue Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To investigate The Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 polarization in the peripheral blood of first degree relatives of pemphigus vulgaris(PV) and healthy control individuals, and to approach the mechanism of the Dsg3-specific autoimmunity in PV. Methods The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from first degree relatives and healthy control was stimulated for72 h with Dsg3 and without Dsg3. Th1/Th2, Tc1/Tc2 was assessed by four-color flow cytometry. Results The mean frequency of Dsg3-spe-cific Th2 cells for PV antibody positive first degree relatives was 10.13%±3.72%, compared with stimula-tion without antigen 7.28%±3.58%, the difference was significant (P<0.05). The percentage Dsg3-spe-cific Th2 was markedly higher in the PV antibody positive first degree relatives group than that in the control group(10.13%±3.72% vs 6.10%±2.82%, P<0.05) , Tc2 was markedly higher also (20.01%± 10.43% v514.91%±8.06%, 20.01%±10.43% vs 9.58%±5.49%, P<0.05). Conclusion When Dsg3 stimulated PBMC were used to stimulate autologous T cells an increased amount of Th2 and Tc2 was observed, it is implied that the imbalance of Th1/Th2, Tc1/Tc2 might play an important role in the initia-tion of PV.

This study is to investigate the effects of indirubin on ATP-induced immune responses of macrophages. For this, neutral red dye uptake method was used to test phagocytosis, MTT assay was used for measuring cell death, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was tested with fluorescent probe DHE. The data showed that extracellular ATP attenuated phagocytosis, induced cell death and increased ROS production, and these effects were restored by pre-treating with indirubin. This result suggested that indirubin blockade the effects of ATP on macrophages, because extracellular ATP-induced effects are dependent on P2 receptors, in particular P2X7 receptors. Furthermore, the effects of indirubin on the activation of P2 receptors were tested, in particular P2X7 receptors. The data showed that indirubin significantly decreased ATP-induced, P2 receptors mediated intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) rise and inhibited P2X7 receptor-based ethidium bromide (EB) dye uptake. These results suggested the inhibitory effects of indirubin on the activation of P2X7 receptors, which may underlying the effects on ATP induced ROS production, phagocytosis attenuation and cell death of macrophages.

To evaluate the value of serum human epididymis protein 4(HE4),cancer embryonic antigen(CEA), carbohydrate antigen(CA125,CA19-9,CA153),alpha fetoprotein(AFP) and β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-HCG) in ovarian cancer early diagnosis.Methods:Abbott Architect i2000SR was used to detect the levels of preoperative serum tumor markers (n=7) in ovarian cancer group,benign ovarian tumor group and the normal control (each n=60).Results:The levels of serum HE4,CA125, CA199,CEA,CA153,AFP and β-HCG in ovarian cancer group were markedly higher than the benign ovarian tumor group and the control group.There was statistically significant difference ( P<0.05 ).The diagnosis of ovarian cancer tumor markers were high specificity,but sensitivity was not high except HE4 (76.67%) and CA125 (68.33%).With Youden Index,the area under curve of ROC,the HE4 was demonstrated higher specificity ,sensitivity and accuracy.There was also medium diagnostic value of CA 125 ,CA199 and CEA for ovarian cancer.The sensitivity of ovarian cancer diagnosis is raised by combined assay with serum tumor marker ,but the specificity would be reduced accordingly.HE4, CA125, CA199 and CEA combined detection is considered the best.Conclusion:CA153,AFP and β-HCG have lowered diagnosis for ovarian cancer.HE4, CA125, CA199 and CEA combined detection could significantly improve specificity ,sensitivity and accuracy in the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer.