Neuropathies are complications of cardiac surgery. The reported frequency of nerve injuries varies from 1. 5% to 2. 4% for the brachial plexus and 10% to 60% for the phrenic nerve. But the recurrent laryngea! nerve,lower limb (saphenous) nerves, and the sympathetic chain are less frequently injured. The reasons of neuropathy are mainly positioning and topical hypothermia for myocardial protection. The overall prognosis of neuropathies after cardiac surgery is good, and they need no special treatment. However, prolonged recovery of phrenic neuropathy did occurr.

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of breath muscles functional training on convalescent patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods56 COPD patients had breath muscles functional training for 1 year and clinical indexes,including cold time,time in hospital,hemoglobin,blood gas analysis and hemorheology were observed.ResultsAfter breath muscles functional training,the cold time and time in hospital had shortened;hemoglobin,blood gas analysis and hemorheology of patients had ameliorated obviously(P<0.01).ConclusionBreath muscles functional training has affirmatively effect of boosting up corporeity,ameliorating lack of oxygen,adjusting internal environment on convalescent patients with COPD.

AIM: To study the dynamic changes of amino acid neurotransmitters during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in awake rats. METHODS: Model of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in awake rats was replicated. Glutamate (Glu), aspartate (Asp), ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine (Gly), taurine (Tau), alanine (Ala), serine (Ser), threonine (Thr) and glutamine (Gln) concentrations were measured with microdialysis, and excitotoxic index (EI) was calculated in dialysates of hippocampus, neo-cortex and striatum. RESULTS: The significant increases in extracellular not only excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters-Glu and Asp, and their neuromodulator-Gly, but also inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter-GABA and its neuromodulator-Tau and Ala were observed. However, the EI, representing the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, was significantly increased during ischemia. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the elevated Glu and Asp levels during ischemia are insufficient to independently engender ischemic damage, and other neurotransmitters or other factors may play an important role in modulating the excitotoxic effects of Glu and Asp.

Objective: To find out the current situation of the reproductive health about countrywomen in west of China,and explore the factor of the reproductive health under social medicine theory framework.Methods: Summarize literature about women reproductive which have been done recently,and do 608 samples survey in Xi'an of Shaanxi,which is about the current situations of social economic,reproductive health,gynecological diseases and mental health.Results: The research clarified the primary connotation about the reproductive health of countrywomen,and identified the current situation of countrywomen reproductive health in Shaanxi province of China.Conclusion: The situation of countrywomen reproductive health is far away from the demand of strategic target of "Everyone enjoys the reproductive care since 2015",and the countrywomen are on the hip in birth control,bearing culture,acquirement of health knowledge and primary diathesis.

Objective To build an evaluation index system of medical practitioners'competency for county-level public hospitals. Methods By means of the Iceberg Model based on competence and professionalism, and following two rounds of consultations of 47 experts, the evaluation indexes and weights of medical practitioners' competency were determined using SPSS frequency, mean, Kendall harmony coefficient and factor analysis. Three county-level public hospitals in Shaanxi province were selected for example verification of service competency. Results The evaluation index system of county-level public hospitals included 4 level-1 indexes and 16 level-2 indexes. The 4 level-1 indexes were diagnosis competency, treatment competency, communication competency and self-development competency. The weights of these indexes were 0.3,0.3,0.2 and 0.2 respectively. Conclusions Such hospitals should start with these competencies to strengthen the cultivation of medical practitioners' competency and constantly improve their comprehensive service level.

Objective: To study the value of unmethylated cytosine guanine dinucleotide oligodeoxynucleotide (DSP30) and IL-2 in the conventional cytogenetic (CA) detection of the chromosomal aberrations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) . Methods: Bone marrow or peripheral blood cells of CLL patients were cultured with DSP30 plus IL-2 for 72 h, following which R-banding analysis was conducted. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed in 85 patients. CA results were compared with data obtained by FISH. Results: Among 89 CLL patients, the success rate of chromosome analysis was 94.38% (84/89) . Clonal aberrations were detected in 51 patients (51/84, 60.71%) . Of them, 27 (27/51, 52.94%) were complex karyotype. Among 85 CLL patients tested by FISH, chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 74 (74/85, 87.06%) patients, of which 2 (2/74) patients were complex karyotypes, accounting for 2.70%. Of the 85 CLL patients examined by FISH, 50 had abnormal karyotype analysis, 30 had normal karyotype, 5 failed to have chromosome analysis. Among them, 25 cases showed clonal aberrations by FISH assay but normal by CA, and 4 cases were normal by FISH but displayed aberrations in chromosome analysis, and totally 78 (91.76%) cases with abnormality detected by the combination of the two methods. The frequency of 13q- abnormality detected by FISH was significantly higher than that by CA analysis (69.41%vs 16.67%, P<0.001) , while the frequency of 11q-,+12 and 17p- detected by two methods showed no significant difference (P>0.05) . The detection rate of complex abnormalities in conventional karyotype analysis was higher than that in FISH (50.98%vs 2.70%) . In addition, 11 low-risk and 9 intermediate-risk patients according to FISH results showed complex karyotype by cytogenetics, and were classified into high-risk cytogenetic subgroup. Conclusion DSP30 and IL-2 are effective in improving the detection rate of CA in CLL patients (60.71%) and CA is more effective to detect complex karyotype. However, FISH had a higher overall abnormality detection rate (87.06%) than CA, especially for 13q-. The combination of CA and FISH not only enhanced the detection rate of clonal aberrations to 91.76%, but also provided more precise prognosis stratification for CLL patients, thus to provide more information for clinical implication.