Objective To observe the mechanism of elevated parathyroid hormone(PFH) leading to erythrocytes life span shortened in the patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods Serum samples of 30 healthy people and 75 CKD patients were collected.Patients were divided into three groups according to their renal function.Intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH)was detected by immunochemiluminometry.The erythrocytes phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i)were measured by flow cytometry. Results (1)Levels of serum iPTH,[Ca2+]i and erythrocytes PS exposure increased gradually with the decline of renel function in stages 3 to 5 of CKD,the differences were significant with CKD 1 to 2 stages and healthy control group(all P＜0.05).(2)Pearson correlation analysis revealed,during CKD 3 to 5 stages,Hb was negatively correlated with iPTH and erythrocyte PS exposure respectively (r=-0.830 and-0.791,all P＜0.01);iPTH was positively correlated with[Ca2+]i and erythrocyte PS exposure (r=0.882 and 0.924,all P＜0.01),whereas negatively correlated with serum Ca respectively(r=-0.544,P＜0.01);erythrocyte PS exposure was positively correlated with[Ca2+]i(r=0.923,P＜0.01)and not correlated with serum Ca(r=-0.138,P=0.365).(3)The linear regression equation of[Ca2+]i(Y)for iPTH(X)was Y=3.327+0.213X(F=21.529,P＜0.05).The multiple linear regression equation of erythrocytes PS exposure(Y)for PTH (X1)and[Ca2+]i(X2)was Y=-0.303+0.283X2+0.139X1(F=6.59,P＜0.01). Conclusions By increasing intracellular calcium,iPTH can lead to an increase of the erythrocyte PS exposure.which will cause the occurrence of erythrocytes life span being shortened.As a result,the renal anemia will become more severe.

Objective To explore the effect classroom teaching quality evaluation on the improve-ment of teaching quality. Methods In-service teachers offering classes to undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine during the period of 2010 to 2011 in Tangshan Clinical Hospital of Hebei Medical University were enrolled as research objectives. Totally 128 teachers(majored in 16 disciplines), screened out from the enrolled teachers, met the criteria and passed through the evaluation in terms of class quality of lessons. They were arranged in descending order and the top 15%were grouped as the preeminent group while the 15%at the bottom were classified as standard group and the rest 70%as good group. Descriptive analysis was made to appraise results from four respects:major and discipline, records of formal school-ing, professional ranks and titles and length of teaching experience. Results Based on the analysis of teaching situation in major disciplines, the top 3 disciplines possessing the largest proportion of preemi-nent teachers were neurology ( 50%) , otolaryngology-head and neck surgery ( 40%) and surgery (20.6%). When it comes to the analysis of formal schooling records of teachers , there is no distinct dis-crepancy in rate of standard reaching between teachers with postgraduate degree and teachers with gradu-ate degree. However, rate of standard reaching was slightly higher in teachers with other degrees than teaching with undergraduate degree or above. In the analysis of professional ranks and titles, the proportion was 94.6%in teachers with senior professional title(associated senior professional title and senior profes-sional title) and the teachers with medium grade professional title only occupied a proportion of 5.4%. In the dimension of teaching years, rate of outstanding and good teachers was relatively high in teachers with 8 teaching years and teacher with less than 3 teaching years, whereas the outstanding rate was low and rate of standard reaching was high in teachers with the 3-4 teaching years. Conclusions Measures to enhance the quality of teaching can be found out according to the analysis of influencing factors of teaching quality evaluation.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological relation between the TNF-? and IgA nephropathy. Methods TNF-? levels in serum, urine and renal tissues of 50 patients with IgA nephropathy were measured, and 10 patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome(MCNS) and 10 healthy subjects served as negative control group. Results The serum and urine levels of TNF-? in the patients with IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those in the patients with MCNS and healthy subjects, and had a significant positive correlation with the degree of proteinuria and renal demage. TNF-? expression was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of the proximal renal tubular epithelial cells, and the interstitium with more monocyte-macrophages infiltration. Conclusion TNF-? took part in the onset of hematuria and proteinuria, was correlated with the degree of renal damage, and played an important role in the aggravation of IgA nephropathy.

Objective To explore the expression of BID protein and the relation ship of cell proliferation with apoptosis at different stages of IgAN.Methods The expression of BID protein、PCNA and FN in renal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry,TUNEL and light microscopy were used to detect apoptotic cells.Results With the progress of IgAN,the expression of BID protein、PCNA、the number of apoptotic cells and FN increased gradually(P

Objective To investigate the effect of hyperlipidemia on glomerulus podocyte injury with IgA nephropathy.Methods Fifty-one IgA nephropathy patients with biopsy-proven were selected.Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression of WT1,a marker of podocyte,in the renal tissue of patients with IgA nephropathy.The density of podocyte per glomerulus wascalculated using specific software.Results Triglyceride (TG) was positively correlated with glomerulus podocyte injury,serumcreatinine and glomerulosclerosis in IgA nephropathy (r =0.549,0.770,0.698,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ),and there was no correlation with 24 h proteinuria.The expression of WT1 was significantly decreased in glomerulus of patients with IgA nephropathy (P ＜ 0.01 ).There was no correlation between the expression of WT1 and 24 h proteinuria,but the expression of WT1 was positively correlated with serum creatinine and glomerulosclerosis (r =0.765,0.679,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Hyperlipidemia may induce glomerulus podocyte injury in IgA nephropathy,and it may contribute to the progression of IgA nephropathy.

AIM:To explore the potential correlation between the expression of phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN) and RIF in IgA nephropathy.METHODS:Forty-seven patients diagnosed as primary IgA nephropathy by renal histology were involved.10 specimens from normal renal tissue of renal carcinoma served as control group.Tubulointerstitial lesion(TIL) was classified by using Katafuchi scale,including no TIL(group I),mild TIL(group II),moderate TIL(group III),severe TIL(group IV).The expressions of PTEN,TGF-?1,?-SMA and ColⅢ in renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.PTEN mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization.RESULTS:Renal tissues from renal biopsy showed abundant expressions of PTEN and PTEN mRNA in endochylema of renal tubular epithelial cells,and negligible expression in glomeruli.With the progress of TIF in IgA nephropathy,the expressions of PTEN and PTEN mRNA decreased gradually(P

Objective: To study the effects of TNF ? on wound healing. Methods: The skin lesion and incisions were made on mice and rh TNF ? was applied in both skin lesion and incision. Tissue strips were evaluated for tensiometry and histologic features after healing. Results: It was found that rh TNF ? markedly improved wound healing both in skin lesion and incision wound model, it also markedly enhanced the breaking strength of treated incision and increased wound cellularity in rh TNF ? treated groups. Conclusion: The results suggest that TNF ? play an important role in regulating inflammatory reactions of local injured tissues and it may improve the functions of fibroblasts, mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells. rh TNF ? of suitable doses can promote wound healing. This shows that TNF ?, as a wound healing promoter, has the potentials for clinical application.

Objective: To study the relationship between interleukin(IL) 6, IL 8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF ?) and wound healing. Methods: In lower jaw gunshot wound, the expression of IL 6, IL 8, TNF ? in local soft tissues was assayed by using immunohistochemistry methods. The current levels of IL 6, IL 8, TNF ? in wound tissues was analysed by using image assay. Results: High expressions of these cytokines were observed in local soft tissues of wounds during the first 3 d after the gunshot. The cytokines expressions were different between the area near the bullet path and that far from the path. There was only one peak of the cytokines concentration in the area far from the bullet path, while there were 2 peaks of the cytokines concentration in the area near the bullet path.Conclusion: These results suggest that IL 6, IL 8, TNF ? play an important role in regulating inflammatory reactions of local injured tissues. They may improve the functions of fibroblasts, mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells and stimulate wound cells to produce and release other cytokines.

Objective To explore the expression and significance intergrin alphavbeta3(art33)in the kidney of patients with IgA nephropathy(IgAN).Methods lmmunohistochemistry wag applied to detect the expression of avl33。fibronectin(Fn)and Connective tissue growth factor(CTGF)in the kidney of patients with IgAN.and correlation analysis was done with pathology and clinic index.Result With the development of the disease,the expression of etvl33 was gradually increased in the glomemlar capillary endothelial cell.and mesansial cell as well as glomerular crescent.The positive area ratio of αvβ33 in renal glomerulus was(16.18±o.98,19.58±0.99,28.35±1.99,17.72±2.17)％respectively in grade I～Ⅳ pathological changes.Among all the groups,the expression of αvβ33 was the strongest in grade Ⅲ,while decreased in grade Ⅳ(P

The Chinese and English published literature regarding the effects of acupuncture on microcirculation in recent years were analyzed, and it was found out that the theory of TCM meridian had subtle connection with microcirculation on structure and function, which could provide a possible breakthrough for the research of meridian essence. Acupuncture, through multiple links, multiple paths and multiple levels, could regulate microcirculation under physiological or pathological condition, which was a bidirectional benign adjustment function, and reflected the characteristic of acupoint specificity. Due to many shortcomings in the current studies, studies with rigorous design, large sample size and multicenter are expected in the further to make a standard systematized research.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Meridians ; Microcirculation