Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of MIF mRNA and TNF-α in the lung tissue of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and explore their mechanism of action in acute lung injury during the course of ANP. Methods A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 in each group) : the sham operation (SO) group, ANP 3h group, 6h group, 12h group. The model of ANP was induced by retrograde injection of 5% sodium tanrocholate (0. 1 ml/100 g) into the biliary and pancreatic duct. The level of serum amylase was determined;pancreatic and lung tissues were harvested for pathological examination, and wet/dry weight ratios were estimated. Intrapulmonary expression of MIF mRNA was assayed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. TNF-α in pulmonary homogenate was measured by immunoradiometric assay. Results Serum amylase, wet/dry weight ratios of pancreatic and lung tissues all significantly increased, and pathological injuries aggravated with time in ANP groups. Levels of TNF-α in ANP 3h, 6h, 12h group were (0.69 ± 0. 107) ng/ml, (1.64 ± 0. 10) ng/ml and (0.92 ± 0.11) ng/ml, and expression of MIF mRNA were 1.97±0.09, 2.55±0.23, 3.29±0.26, which were significantly higher than those in control group [(0. 19±0.06)ng/ml, 1.21±0.34, P<0.01]. lntrapulmonary expression of MIF mRNA was positively associated with lung pathological injuries, wet/dry weight ratio, and TNF-α(r = 0. 637, r = 0.684, r = 0.858, P < 0.01). Intrapulmonary levels of TNF-α was positively associated with lung pathological injuries, wet/dry weight ratio (r=0.540, r=0.421, P<0.01). Conclusions MIF mRNA was over- expressed and level of TNF-α was significantly increased in pulmonary tissue in rats with ANP, and this may be one of the mechanisms in the pathogenesis of lung injury in ANP.

Objective:To study the effect of the reform of pathology teaching mode.Methods:The Batch 2017 Class 1 and Class 3 students of clinical medicine who had pathology courses in the second semester of the 2019-2020 school year were selected in the controlled study, and they were divided into the study group (56 students from Class 1) and the control group (57 students from Class 3). For the pathology course, the control group used conventional teaching, and the study group used online-offline mixed teaching combined with problem-based learning (PBL). Both groups were taught for 1 semester. The theoretical assessment scores, practical assessment scores and excellent rate of the two groups after teaching were compared, the abilities of autonomous learning, problem solving, teamwork, and multidisciplinary thinking were compared between the two groups before and after teaching, and the satisfaction with the teaching mode was compared between the two groups. SPSS 23.0 software was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The theoretical assessment scores [(93.86±5.42) vs. (86.74±5.33)] and practical assessment scores [(92.91±5.37) vs. (84.86±5.26)] of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05); the differences in grades distribution were statistically significant, and the excellent and good rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). The scores of autonomous learning, problem solving, teamwork and multidisciplinary thinking in the two groups were higher than those before the teaching, and the scores of the study group were higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05); after the teaching, the study group had higher satisfaction scores than the control group in enhancing clinical thinking ability, deepening the perception of life value and other aspects ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The combination of online and offline teaching combined with PBL can not only improve the assessment performance and excellent rate of medical students majoring in clinical medicine, but also enhance the ability of medical students to study independently, solve problems, teamwork and multidisciplinary thinking, and improve their satisfaction with the teaching mode.

Objective:To determine the correlations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with atrial fibrillation (AF) in the Chinese Han population from the central plains.Methods:A total of 168 hospitalized patients,including 56 AF and 112 controls,were recruited in this case-control study.The clinical data were obtained from the medical records.All 5 SNPs,rs337711 in KCNN2,rs11264280 near KCNN3,rs17042171 near PITX2,rs6771157 and rs6795970 in SCN10A,were genotyped using amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction or direct sequencing.The x2 test was used to compare categorical variables and preliminarily examine correlations between the genotype frequencies and AF.Subsequently,a logistic regression model was constructed to determine the associations between the SNPs and AF based on the above screened results.Odds ratios (ORs) and 95％ confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the strength of the correlations.Moreover,we downloaded the genotype data from the HapMap Project for linkage disequilibrium analysis ofrs17042171.Results:AF patients were likely to be of older age and longer left atrial diameter and had more coronary artery disease and higher hypertension compared with the control group (P＜0.05).Among the 5 SNPs,the frequency distribution of genotype AA for rs17042171 was significantly different between the AF and control groups (P＜0.05).After adjusting for several covariates,there was still a high risk ratio in patients with the AA genotype compared with the AC+CC genotype (OR:5.591,95％CI 2.176 to 14.365,P-B＜0.008).Similarly,stratification analysis on the AA genotype demonstrated significant differences between rs17042171 and persistent AF.However,there were not significant correlations between AF and the control groups for the other 4 SNPs (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Rs17042171,near PITX2 on chromosome 4q25,is associated with AF susceptibility in the Chinese Han population from the central plains,suggesting that this SNP can provide a new strategy for clinical diagnosis in AF patients.

Objective:To study the protective effect of alendronate combined with Lactobacillus rhamnosus on bone loss in ovariectomized mice.Methods:Fifty female C57BL/6 mice were divided into 5 equal groups ( n=10). Ovariotomy was performed in groups A, B, C and D while a sham operation was performed in group E. Group A was subjected to combined administration of alendronate and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, group B to administration of alendronate, group C to administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and groups D and E to administration of physiological saline only. At 3 months after operation, all the mice were sacrificed to harvest their femurs. Micro CT scanning was performed to detect the bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular relative volume, bone surface area/bone volume, and trabecular thickness and number of trabecular bone. Three-point bending test was used to detect the maximum load, stiffness, ultimate load, Young＇s modulus, and fracture energy. Osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase levels were measured using blood samples from the mice eyeballs. The 2 groups were compared in terms of all the above indexes. Results:The BMD [(669.87±67.87) mg/cm 3], maximum load [(14.35±0.75) N] and fracture energy [(1,497.43±38.29) J/m 2] in group A were significantly higher than those in group B [(520.07±9.01) mg/cm 3, (11.94±0.82) N and(1,277.61±35.12) J/m 2] and group C [(388.15±25.61) mg/cm 3, (11.10±0.93) N and (1,115.27±63.24) J/m 2] (all P<0.05). The osteocalcin level in group A [(22.25±1.78) ng/mL] was significantly higher than that in group B [(19.08±1.45) ng/mL] and group D [(19.33±1.66) ng/mL] (both P<0.05). The alkaline phosphatase level in group A [(83.21±9.69) ng/mL] was significantly lower than that in group C [(113.16±14.44) ng/mL] and group D [(137.96±14.01) g/mL] (both P<0.05). Conclusion:Alendronate combined with Lactobacillus rhamnosus may play a synergistic role in prevention of bone loss in ovariectomized mice, because combined administration of the two is more effective than administration of either of the two.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of enriched environment (EE) combined with acupuncture at head point (HA) on behavior in rats with autism spectrum disorder. MethodsHealthy female Wistar rats were given peritoneal injection of sodium valproate at 12.5 days of gestation. Twenty-four male offspring rats were randomly selected and then randomly divided into model group (n = 6), EE group (n = 6), HA group (n = 6) and EE combined with HA group (the combined group, n = 6). Six male offspring rats born from female mice injected with the same amount of saline intraperitoneally were as control group. After four weeks of treatment, all the five groups were tested with three-chamber test and marble burying test, and the sociability index, the social novelty index and the number of buried marbles were recorded. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in peripheral blood were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ResultsAfter treatment, compared with the model group, the sociability index and the social novelty index improved (P < 0.05), the number of buried marbles reduced (P < 0.05), and the levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in peripheral blood decreased in EE group, HA group and the combined group (P < 0.05); while the combined group was the best (P < 0.01). ConclusionBoth EE or acupuncture at HA could improve behavioral symptoms, and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in rats with autism spectrum disorder. The combination of the two methods showed the best result.