Objective To explore the anatomic characteristics of the bronchi,arteries,and veins of pulmonary segments on the coronal section.Methods Using serial coronal sections of thorax of 20 adult cadavers,multislice spiral CT images of 4 healthy volunteers,the segmental and subsegmental bronchi,arteries,and veins were traced and observed.Results There are 6 key sections for recognition of the segmental and subsegmental bronchovascular structures of the lungs on the coronal section:1.On the section through ascending aorta,the apical,lateral,apicoposterior,anterior,and superior lingular segmental veins appeared.2.On the section through pulmonary bifurcation,the left and right superior pulmonary veins can be seen under the pulmonary bifurcation.It appears on the coronal sections of 11 cadavers(55%) that apicoposterior segmental vein,anterior segmental vein,and lingular venous trunk drained into left superior pulmonary vein simultaneously.3.On the section through bifurcation of trachea,left and right superior lobar bronchi and their branches are demonstrated clearly.Under the bifurcation of trachea,it can be seen that left and right inferior pulmonary veins empty them into left atrium.4.On the section through intermediate bronchus,the origins of segmental bronchi,arteries,and veins of inferior lobes of bilateral lungs can be found.5.On the section through thoracic aorta,superior segmental and lateroposterior basal segmental bronchovasclature appeared mainly.6.On the section through spinal column,the inferior lobes of bilateral lungs shows the bronchi,arteries,and veins of superior,lateral basal,and posterior basal segments mainly.Conclusions The pulmonary segmental arteries and veins can be recognized exactly by tracing bronchi carefully on the coronal section.

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of endogenous non coding singlestranded RNAs,which can function as a tumor promoter or suppressor in the development and progression of human malignant tumors.Studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of HCC.Numerous studies have found that the expression of miR-34a in various tumors is reduced and it participates in the carcinogenesis.Currently,the role of miR-34a in the tumorigenesis and development of HCC has attracted widespread attentions.Studies have confirmed that miR-34a can regulate the expression of its target genes and thus affect some key biological processes such as cell proliferation,apoptosis,invasion and metastasis of HCC.In this paper,we mainly reviewed the recent research progress on the role of miR34a in HCC.

Objective To localize precisely cerebral central sulcus on the coronal MR imaging. Methods The serieses of 4 mm thickness coronal sections and coronal MR images of brain were prepared on 30 cadaver heads. The preparation of the brain slices in correspondence with MR scan took the line perpendicular to the midpoint of intercommissural line as base one. The important cerebral gyri of cadaver were painted different colors. The coronal MR images of 6 volunteers were also prepared. The localization of central sulcus on the coronal sections was studied by the comparison of MR images with serial coronal sections of the brains. Results On the section of the central sulcus appearing for the first time, the appearing rate of dorsal thalamus was: left side 93%, right side 97%; the appearing rate of pyramidal tract was: left side 20%, right side 13%. The central sulcus almost disappeared on the section through the posterior border of splenium of corpus callosum, the appearing rate of the central sulcus on the superolateral surface was 33% on the both sides. Conclusion The central sulcus appears for the first time on the 1-2 sections which the dorsal thalamus appears on but the pyramidal tract doesn′t appear. On the section through pyramidal tract, the superior frontal, precentral and postcentral gyri can be identified according to the three medullary branches on superolateral surface of cerebral hemispheres. The central sulcus has almost disappeared on the section through the posterior border of splenium of corpus callosum.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect for local sensory to preserve great auricular nerve in the parotidectomy. METHOD: It was a prospective study. Eighy-one patients who underwent parotidectomy were randomly divided into 2 groups, preserving the great auricular nerve group and no preserving the great auricular nerve group. They were tested with the subjective and objective sensory function testing in 3, 6, 9, 12 months after operation. We assessed the result. RESULT: In the subjective sensory function testing, the result of the preserving the great auricular nerve group was better than no preserving the great auricular nerve group. In the objective sensory function testing, the result of the preserving the great auricular nerve group was obviously better than no preserving the great auricular nerve group. There was significant difference between the 2 groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION It was effective for recovering the sensory function that we preserved the great auricular nerve in the parotidectomy.
Ear, External ; innervation ; Humans ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; Otolaryngology ; methods ; Parotid Gland ; innervation ; surgery ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Prospective Studies ; Sensation Disorders ; prevention & control

Objective To observe the major adverse reaction of irinotecan in combination with fluorouracil for advanced colorectal cancer,and sum up the nursing experience of acetylcholine syndrome and acute delayed diarrhea.Methods Pathologically confirmed 45 cases of patients with advanced colorectal cancer were treated with modified FOLFIRI regimen for total of 190 cycles.Results Acetylcholine syndrome rate was 28.9%,the incidence of acute delayed diarrhea was 40.0% ,more than 3 grade diarrhea was 6.7%.Conclusion The incidence of acute delayed diarrhea in Chinese patients is lower than in caucasians,and reasonable care measures can reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions,irinotecan in combination with fluorouracil is a safe and effective regimen for Chinese patients.

BACKGROUND:Nowadays, the internal fixation materials for the clinical treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures are broadly divided into two categories:intramedul ary fixation system and
extramedul ary fixation system. However, the effects of the treatments usual y lack of macro evaluation.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the effect of intramedul ary fixation system and extramedul ary internal fixation system in the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.
METHODS:217 patients with unstable femoral intertrochanteric fracture (Evans typing: Ⅲ type to Ⅴ type and R type) were treated by using intramedul ary fixation system and extramedul ary internal fixation system:18
cases were treated with dynamic condylar screw, 67 cases were treated with dynamic hip screw, 43 cases were treated with reconstruction nail, 72 cases were treated with proximal femoral anti-rotation blade nail, and 17 cases were treated with new generation of antegrade interlocking intramedul ary nail. The operative time, length of
incision, blood loss, time in bed, fracture healing time, complications and Harris hip score were analyzed and compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the aspects of operative time, blood loss, time in bed, complications and
Harris hip score, the intramedul ary fixation system was superior to extramedul ary internal fixation system. But there were significant differences in the aspects of length of incision and fracture healing time between two
methods. The results showed that the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures by using
intramedul ary fixation system was better than the extramedul ary internal fixation system, as the intramedul ary fixation system could effectively shorten the operative time and reduce blood loss. This stable and reliable fixation enables patients to take early postoperative functional exercise, and could significantly shorten the time in bed and reduce the incidence of complications and it is conducive to postoperative hip function recovery.
Therefore, intramedul ary fixation system is an ideal method for the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.

OBJECTIVE To explore the changes in gene expression in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR). METHODS 14500 gene DNA microarray(Affymetrix) was used to examine the gene expression in 6 AR nasal mucosal samples and 6 normal nasal mucosal samples.The differentially expressed genes were identified and subjected to real time RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Compared with normal sinus tissues,161 genes were found to be differentially expressed in AR samples.Forty-seven genes were upregulated,114 genes were downregulated.The differentially expressed genes mostly involved in immune transcription regulatory molecules,signal transduction.Real-time RT-PCR results of CCL20,GPK4 were consistent with that of gene chip analysis.CONCLUSION Microarray expression profile of AR samples is differential.GPK4 and CCL20 may play an important role in cell signal transduction in mechanisms of AR.

The canonical Wnt signaling pathway has been the hot spot in the signaling pathway studies which are related to ovary carcinogenesis in recent years,whose activation may induce the multiplication and self-renewal,survival and metastasis of ovarian cancer stem cells.The target gene mutations of key members in the canonical Wnt pathway and abnormal expresses of negative regulation molecules are closely associated with the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer.Deeply investigating the regulative mechanisms of canonical Wnt signaling pathway in ovarian cancer,and taking this as the therapeutic target to conduct the basic research and preclinical experiment may provide theoretical basis for treating better ovarian cancer patients in clinical practice.

Objective To explore the expression of miR-146a and its effect on the biological characteristics in gastric carcinoma. Methods The expressions of miR-146a in gastric cancer tissue and carcinoma adjacent tissue were detected by RT-qPCR , and human gastric cancer cell line MKN-28, SGC-7901, MKN-45 and immortalized gastric epithelial cell GES-1 were cultured,GES-1 as a reference, the expressions of miR-146a in each cell line was detected by RT-qPCR; miR-146a mimics and miR-146a control were transfected into gastric cancer cell line MKN-45, and the expression of miR-146a was detected by RT-qPCR;CCK8 was used to detect the effect of miR-146a on the proliferation of cells;flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of miR-146a on cell apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of the apoptosis-related proteins. Results The expression of miR-146a in gastric cancer tissue was significantly lower than carcinoma adjacent tissue(P<0.01); expression of miR-146a in gastric cancer cell MKN-45 was the lowest campared to GES-1, so the gastric cancer cell MKN-45 was selected as a follow-up study. The expression of miR-146a in miR-146a mimics group was significantly higher than control group(P<0.01); CCK8results showed that the proliferation rateof miR-146a mimics group was significantly lower thanmiR-146a control on 24 hour (P<0.05),and was significantly lower than miR-146a control on 48 hour and 72 hour (P<0.01).The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate in miR-146a mimics group was significantly higher than miR-146a control;Western blot showed that the expressions of Cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax protein in miR-146a mimics group was significantly lower than those in miR-146a control, and Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly higher than miR-146a control (P< 0.05). Conclusion The expression of miR-146a in gastric carcinoma was lower than carcinoma adjacent tissue, and the miR-146a could inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis after transfected.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of bone transport technique versus induced membrane technique for treatment of infected bone nonunion.Methods A retrospective study was made on 46 cases of infected bone nonunion admitted from April 2011 to December 2014.They were 33 males and 13 females,aged from 12 to 68 years (mean,45.3 years),involving 40 tibial and 6 femoral fractures.Bone transport technique was used in 37 cases while 9 cases were treated with induced membrane technique.Fracture union and complications were recorded.The function of the affected limb was evaluated at the final follow-up using Johner-Wruhs criteria.Results The 46 cases were followed up for 9 to 18 months (mean,14 months).In the bone transport group,bone union was achieved after a mean duration of 6.5 months (range,from 4 to 11 months) without complications like wound infection or neurovascular lesions.In the induced membrane group,bone union was achieved after a mean duration of 5.8 months (range,from 4 to 11 months) and there was one case of re-infection.According to the Johner-Wruhs score system,34 cases were rated as excellent,9 as good and 3 as fair,with a total excellent and good rate of 93.5％.Bone transport technique led to 28 excellent,4 good and one fair cases in the patients with tibial nonunion,and one excellent,2 good and one fair cases in the patients with femoral nonunion.Induced membrane technique led to 3 excellent,3 good and one fair cases in the patients with tibial nonunion,and 2 excellent cases in the patients with femoral nonunion.Conclusions Both bone transport technique and induced membrane technique are effective for infected bone nonunion.Bone transport technique may be preferred for tibial infected nonunion while induced membrane technique preferred for femoral infected nonunion.