Objective: To explore the effect of bortezomib on migration and invasion of cervical carcinoma HeLa cell and specific molecular mechanism. Methods:The effect of bortezomib on the viability of HeLa cell was measured by MTT assay. The effect of bortezomib on cell migration and invasion was measured by Transwell assay and invasion experiment respectively. The activation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and expression level of MMP2, MMP9 were assayed by western blot. Results:MTT assay indicated bortezomib (2.5μM, 5μM, 10μM) could inhibit HeLa cell viability, and the inhibitory rate was highest at 48 h. Transwell assay and invasion experiment results showed that bortezomib inhibited HeLa cell migration and invasion. Western blotting assays presented bortezomib could suppress the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR, and down-regulate the expression of MMP2 and MMP9. Conclusions:These results suggested bortezomib could inhibit migration and invasion in cervical carcinoma HeLa cell, which might be related to Akt/mTOR signal pathway.

The clinical laboratory equipment on hospital ship was introduced, whose status and common faults were analyzed during Philippines humanitarian medical rescue mission and 3 times of Mission of Harmony. The experience was summarized for the maintenance of the clinical laboratory equipment. The problems and countermeasures were proposed for the clinical laboratory equipment.

The body surface area of adult Chinese males was estimated by using paper cast method.56 healthy individuals, aged 18 to 45, coming from thirteen provinces mostly from Hebei and Hubei were used in this study. From the results obtained, the mean body weight, height and surface area were 59.78kg, 168.8 cm and 1.712 m2 respectively. A height-weight equation for estimating body surface area was derived accordingly, i.e. body surface area(m2)= 0.00607H(cm) + 0.0127W(kg)-0.0689. The error of the value calculated from the equation was 0.17% higher than the value actually taken on an average. The percentage of various body regions to the total body surface area was as follows: head, 6.11; trunk (including neck), 29.59; upper arms, 8.09; forearms, 6.41; hands, 4.93; thighs (including buttock), 24.63; calf, 13.29 and feet, 6.95.For convenient use a table for calculation was given.

As children are extremely sensitive to the bad taste of medicine,they have poor compliance with the bitter medicine.It is of great importance to develop the approaches of taste masking for the research of paediatric drug formulations.Besides,taste masking technology is one of the main barrier to develop children pharmaceutic preparation.This article provides an overview of the advance in taste masking technology of oral paediatric medicine in recent years,and introduces five types of taste masking technology in terms of drug,preparation and the bitter taste transduction,including principle and characteristics of these approaches,as well as their application in formulations,so as to provide some references for the development of paediatric medicine.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of overexpression of PTEN on renal epithelial-mesenchymal trans-differentiation induced by TGF-β1,and the signaling transduction mechanism.Methods HKC cells were transfected with GFP-PTEN via lipofectAMINE2000.The efficiency of transfection was detected by fluorescence microscope.The expression of PTEN protein and mRNA in the translected cells was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively.The experiment was divided into four groups:normal group,TGF-β1 stimulation group,GFP-PTEN+TGF-β1 group and empty vector+TGF-β1 group.The expression of E-cadherin,a-SMA,Akt and p-Akt was detected by Western blot.Results Most ceils transfected with GFP-PTEN expressed GFP.The expression of PTEN protein and mRNA was strongly increased when HKC cells were transfected with GFP-PTEN(all P<0.05).In both TGF-β1 stimulation group and empty vector+TGF-β1 group,the expression level of E-cadherin was lower(all P<0.05),while that of p-Akt and a-SMA was higher than in normal group(both P<0.05).The expression level of p-Akt and a-SMA in GFP-PTEN+TGF-β1 group was Iower(both P<0.05),while that of E-cadherin was higher than in TGF-β1 stimulation group and empty vector+TGF-β1 group(both P<0.05).The expression of Akt was similar in the four groups.Conclusion Overexpression of PTEN can inhibit renal epithelial-mesenehymal trans-differentiation induced by TGF-β1 through suppressing the activation of PI3K/Akt signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of n-butanol extract from the roots of Potentilla anserina (NP) on hypoxic hippocampal neurons in neonatal rats.Methods Primary cultured hippocampal neurons were pretreated with different concentration of NP (0.25,0.0625,and 0.0156 mg/mL) before incubation in a low oxygen (0.1％) environment for 4 h.Cell viability was evaluated by Trypan blue staining assay.Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released by neurons into the medium was measured.The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cell cytosol was determined using nitroblue tetrazolium.Morphological changes and mitochondrial function were observed by transmission electron microscopy.Results Hypoxic injury could decrease the cells viability of neuron,enhance LDH release (P ＜ 0.05),decrease SOD activity,and increase mitochondrial injury.Pretreatment with NP significantly increased cell viability,decreased LDH release (P ＜ 0.05),promoted SOD activity (P ＜ 0.05),and remarkably improved cellular ultra-microstructure compared with the model group.Conclusion NP could protect the primary hippocampal neurons from hypoxic injury by attenuating mitochondrial cell death.

Objective To investigate the effects of a novel scientific research practice model on medical undergraduates'!cognition and behavior. Method Totally, 60 medical undergraduates took part in the research. All of them accepted scientific research training by using improved tutorial system + team-based learning (TBL) combat training models. Before and after training, students completed the same ques-tionnaires respectively. The content included the purpose of participating in scientific research activities, the interest of scientific research, and the confidence and satisfaction of publishing scientific research papers, etc.. SPSS 16.0 was used to conduct non parametric Mann-Whitney test or Wilcoxon non parametric test to the pre and post survey data. Results Fifty-seven students (95.0%) were satisfied with the novel teaching model. Before and after training, the liking scores for scientific research practice rose from 1.12 (95%CI=0.65 to 1.59) to 5.87 (95%CI=5.34 to 6.39), P=0.001. Fifty-three students (88.3%) proactively participated in research work after training compared with 21 students (35.0%) before training, P=0.000. More students had confidence in publishing academic papers on Chinese core journals or Science Citation Index journals after training (P=0.000, P=0.003 respectively). 57 students (95%) said they were very satisfied or satisfied with the training of scientific research and practice. Conclusion Improved tutorial system+TBL research combat training model can stimulate students'!interest in scientific research and make them have more pos-itive cognition and behavior on scientific research work.

To mask the bitterness of azithromycin（AZI） and improve patient compliance, an AZI-loaded microsphere (AZI-EC MS) for oral administration was prepared by O/W emulsion solvent evaporation with ethylcellulose (EC) as carrier. The release profiles and taste-masking effect of AZI-EC MS were preliminarily assessed. Its physical properties and morphology were then investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicated that the polymer weight of EC could influence the drug release behavior. With a drug polymer ratio of 1∶1 and mixed EC (N22/T10, 7∶3) as carrier, the cumulative release of AZI-EC MS at 0.5 h was less than 40% and reached 90% at 8 h; the drug loading efficiency of microspheres was (48.95 ± 0.86)% with smooth spherical morphology. The AZI bitterness threshold is 9.93 μg/mL with a strong bitter taste, which indicated a better taste masking effect. Therefore, AZI-EC MS prepared in this study can mask AZI bitterness and improve patient compliance, setting the stage for the research of new AZI preparations.

In China, the incidence of adverse reactions of drugs in children is twice that in adults; especially in the newborns, it is four times that in adults. The main reason is that the physiological characteristics of children are changing constantly due to that they are in a constant process of growth and development; while the pediatric medicines cannot meet the clinical needs of children in different age states. Accordingly, the development of pediatric medicines, especially oral solid preparations which are convenient for administration and storage, has attracted a lot of attention. This review introduced various pediatric oral solid dosage forms such as multiparticulates, orally disintegrating tablets(ODT)and chewable tablets. In addition, the efficient taste masking technology and accurate dose control were the further research directions for development of pediatric medicines, which would provide important theoretical references for studies on pediatric oral solid dosage forms in future.

Liquid preparations are the commonly used oral dosage forms in pediatric clinical practice.This review introduces the pediatric oral liquid dosage forms including extemporaneous preparation of oral liquid formulations, oral liquid sustained and controlled release formulations, nanosuspensions, nanoemulsions, self-nanoemulsions and milk-based liquid formulations.In addition, the efficient flavoring and taste masking technologies, using safe pharmaceutical excipients, high-demanding technical standards and verification strategies, establishing excellent workflow management systems can contribute to the development and application of pediatric oral liquid dosage forms which are safer, more effective and better compliant.This review is helpful in laying the relevant theoretical foundation for further studies on pediatric oral liquid dosage forms.