Objective:To explore the effects of electroacupuncture(EA)on rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression and proteins related to endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS). Methods:Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group,a CUMS group,an escitalopram(ESC)group,and an EA group.Except for the control group,rats in other groups were exposed to CUMS.From the 1st day of modeling,the EA group was treated with EA at Baihui(GV20)and Yintang(GV29)every day,15 min each time;the ESC group was given intragastric intervention[ESC 10 mg/(kg·bw)every day],both for 28 d.Body mass measurement,open field test(OFT),and sucrose preference test(SPT)in each group were performed before(day 0)and after experiment(day 28)to record body mass growth,sugar preference index,and total distance and duration of central area in OFT.The protein expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78),caspase-12,and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP)in the hippocampus and frontal cortex were detected by stain-free total protein normalization method of Western blotting.Meanwhile,the TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay was performed to determine the percentage of cell death in the frontal cortex. Results:After EA at Baihui(GV20)and Yintang(GV29),the body mass growth,sugar preference index,and total distance and duration of central area in OFT were effectively improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01);compared with the CUMS group,the expression levels of GRP78 and CHOP in the hippocampus,and caspase-12 and CHOP in the prefrontal cortex of rats were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the apoptosis rate of cells in the prefrontal cortex decreased significantly(P<0.05). Conclusion:EA at Baihui(GV20)and Yintang(GV29)can significantly mitigate behavioral deficits of rats with CUMS-induced depression.The mechanism may be related to adjusting the ERS and inhibiting cell apoptosis.

Objective:In order to provide policy-makers with basis and reference for improving the operational efficiency of county general public hospitals, this paper studies the changes in overall efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency of 40 county general public hospitals in Fujian province from 2009 to 2014 , as well as how the to-tal factor productivity changes over the time. Methods: After collecting the relevant data of hospital operations from 2009 to 2014, this paper uses CCR, BBC, Malmquist model and other data envelopment analysis (DEA) methods to analyze the data. Results:The vast majority of those 40 county general public hospitals are in decreasing state. The total factor productivity of 40 hospitals from 2009 to 2014 is 1. 019. There are 21 hospitals (52. 5%) that slightly im-proved their productivity, of which 3 hospitals increased their productivity mainly due to technological progress, 3 hospitals due to efficiency increase, and the rest 15 hospitals due to the effect of both technological progress and effi-ciency increase. Conclusions:The operational efficiency of county general public hospitals in Fujian province is gen-erally insufficient, and there are significant differences between operating efficiency of different regions. The efficien-cy of hospitals in mountainous areas had increased, but the efficiency of hospitals in coastal areas had decreased. Therefore, in order to increase investment in county general public hospitals, the government should take differential policy and pay attention to the reasonable control of hospital size, as well as to strengthen the connotation building and attach importance to improving medical service technologies.

Objective To investigate current status of learned resourcefulness in pregnant women,and to identify its influencing factors.Methods With convenient sampling,a self-made General Data Questionnaire and the Chinese version of Self-Control Schedule (C-SCS) was used to survey 360 pregnant women in the antenatal clinic in one three-class hospital in Guangzhou.Results The mean score of learned resourcefulness in pregnant women was (115.00±14.42) and its influencing factors included education degree,gravidity,pregnancy school training and planed pregnancy.Conclusions Learned resourcefulness in pregnant women loads upper level.Medical staff should take targeted interventions to strengthen it and facilitate the mental well-being of pregnant women.

Objective To investigate the relationship between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods A total of 161 T2DM inpatients were enrolled in this study.There were 95 males (95 eyes) and 66 females (66 eyes),with an average age of (62.2±11.0) years.The average duration of diabetes was (14.8±7.9) years.The patients were grouped according to the degree of DR.Among them,91 patients were no DR,24 patients were mild non-proliferative DR (NPDR),24 patients were moderate NPDR,13 patients were severe NPDR and 9 eyes were proliferative DR (PDR).Severe NPDR and PDR were combine into severe DR group for statistical analysis.All patients underwent direct ophthalmoscope,fundus colorized photography,spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT),fasting blood-glucose,glycated hemoglobin and renal function examinations.GFR was evaluated by 99 mTcDTPA.DR degree was evaluated by direct ophthalmoscope and fundus colorized photography.Central subfield (CSF),central macular volume and mean retinal thickness (MRT) were measure by SD-OCT.The correlation between GFR and DR staging and macular retinal thickness were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis and Pearson correlation analysis.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between GFR and presence of DR.Results GFR was gradually decreased in patients with no DR,mild NPDR,moderate NPDR and severe DR (F=12.32,P＜0.001).Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that GFR was negatively correlated to CSF (r=-0.202,P=0.010);but no correlation with MRT (r=-0.087,P=0.272).Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that GFR was negatively correlated to DR staging (r=-0.325,P ＜ 0.001).The difference of DR prevalence rate in normal,slight abnormal renal function and renal insufficiency patients was significant (x2=12.32,P=0.002).Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lower levels of GFR was significantly associated with presence of DR (95％ confidence interval=1.71-4.32,odds ratio=2.72,P＜0.001).Conclusion In T2DM patients,GFR is negatively correlated to DR staging and CSF.Lower GFR is independent risk factors for DR.

Objective To observe the visual acuity change in patients with different patterns of optical coherence tomography (OCT) of diabetic macular edema (DME) after intravitreal ranibizumab injection and/or laser photocoagulation.Methods A retrospective observational case series.Seventy patients (99 eyes) with DME were enrolled.Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was evaluated using the international vision test chart,and then convert the result to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR).According to the morphological characteristics of OCT,the DME was divided into 3 patterns,including diffuse macular edema (DRT),cystoid macular edema (CME) and serous neuroepithelial layer detachment.The average follow-up was (80.43 ± 74.89) days.The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the different treatments,including intravitreal ranibizumab injection group (group A,21 patients,25 eyes),intravitreal ranibizumab injection and laser photocoagulation group (group B,23 patients,26 eyes),laser photocoagulation group (group C,26 patients,48 eyes).The changes of absolute BCVA (ABCVA) and improved visual acuity were compared between different treatment groups and different OCT patterns.ABCVA =logMAR BCVA before treatment-logMAR BCVA after treatment.Improvement more than 0.3 of logMAR value was considered as improved visual acuity.Results There was no significant difference in ABCVA between different treatment groups (F=0.050,P＞0.05).The improved visual acuity in group A and B were great than group C (x2=5.645,6.301;P＜0.05).In group A,B and C,there was no significant difference in ABCVA and improved visual acuity between different OCT patterns (P＞0.05).Improved visual acuity of DRT and CME eyes were higher in group A&B (70.59％ and 50.00％) than in group C (26.47％ and 14.29％),the difference was statistically significant (x2=5.075,4.453;P＜0.05).Conclusions There is no obvious change of visual acuity in patients with different OCT patterns of DME after the same treatment by intravitreal ranibizumab injection and/or laser photocoagulation.The improved visual acuity is not consistent in same OCT patterns after different treatment.

Objective To study the risk factors for children with acute central nervous system(CNS)viral in-fection,so that pediatrician may identify children with poor prognosis at early stages of the disease,and provide them with a theoretical basis for clinical treatment. Methods The clinical data of a cohort patients of acute CNS viral infec-tion who were hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2010 and June 2013 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. According to Glasgow outcome scale on discharge,children were di-vided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group. Clinical data and outcomes were analyzed by using univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression multivariate analysis. Results Three hundred and one cases were enrolled,278 (92. 36% )patients were assigned to the good prognosis group,and 23(7. 64% )patients were assigned to the poor prognosis group. By univariate analysis,the patients in the poor prognosis group had longer duration of sickness before admission,longer time of fever,lower white blood cell count in cerebrospinal fluid,a relatively lower calcium level,con-scious disturbance at the early stage,multiple seizures,convulsive status epilepticus,meningeal irritation sign,muscle weakness,severe changes in electroencephalogram(EEG),and abnormal neuroimaging findings(computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging,or both)had significant differences between the good prognosis group and the poor short - term outcome groups(all P < 0. 05). By binary Logistic regression multivariate analysis,factors indicating a poor prognosis during the early stage were conscious disturbance at the early stage(0R = 4. 885,95% CI:1. 523 - 15. 670, P = 0. 008),multiple seizures(0R = 6. 352,95% CI:1. 905 - 21. 178,P = 0. 003),severe changes in EEG( 0R =4. 269,95% CI:1. 708 - 10. 666,P = 0. 002),and abnormal neuroimaging findings( 0R = 9. 740,95% CI:2. 360 -40. 192,P = 0. 002). Conclusions Conscious disturbance at the early stage,multiple seizures,severe changes in EEG and abnormal neuroimaging findings are risk factors for acute viral infection of CNS in children.

Objective Explore the safe nursing method of the plasma infusion for patients with extraordinarily severe burn in shock stage,ensure patients inputing plasma safely and timely,tide over shockstage smoothly.Method 68 patients with severe burn shock stage were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,both with 34 cases?The experimental group input plasma take regular blood transfusion methods and special nursing care,control group take usual care only.Result to take special nursing care for patients with severe burn in shockstage inputing plasma can reduce the incidence of adverse transfusion reactions,tide over shockstage smoothly,improve cure rates and reduce mortality?

Objective To evaluate the effects of Deng Zhan Sheng Mai (DZSM) capsule, a compound made of Chinese herbs, on secondary and tertiary prevention of ischemic stroke. Methods A hospital-based randomized open-blinded clinical trial was conducted among people with a prior history of ischemic stroke. Hospitals were assigned to treatment group, in which all of the participants took DZSM capsules for 3 months, or control group, in which no DZSM capsules was administrated. The primary endpoint was the reduction of levels of blood lipids, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fibrinogen in the 3rd month. The secondary endpoints were recurrence of stroke, incidence of cardiovascular event (CVD) and all-cause mortality in the 18th month. Results 495 people were enrolled in the treatment group and 504 in the control group, respectively. In the 3rd month, the levels of total cholesterol(TC),FBG and fibrinogen were significantly reduced by 1.7%,4.3 and 8.2%(t values were 4.13,6.65 and 8.50 respectively),and the levels of HDL-C and HDL-C/TC were increased by 7.6%and 1 1.6%(t values were 2.15 and 3.67)in the treatment group, respectively(all P＜0.05＝.The levels of TC,HDL-C and HDL-C/TC decreased significantly in the eontrol group(all P＜0.05＝.The incidence of recurrent stroke and CVD events were lower in the treatment group than those in the control group, but the differences did not reach the significant levels. The prevalence of post-stroke depression (PSD) was also decreased in the 3rd mouth while it remained stable in the controls (P for trend equals to 0.0027). The mortality was significantly lower in the treatment group (P=0.008). Conclusion The levels of TC,FBG and fibrinogen as well as the prevalence of PSD and all-cause mortality have decreased significantly in treatment group treated with DZSM capsule for 3 months as compared with the control group.

Objective To investigate the distribution patterns of diabetic macular edema (DME) based on optical coherence tomography (OCT),and explore its correlation with diabetic retinopathy (DR) stages and systemic factors.Methods A total of 135 patients (242 eyes) with type 2 diabetes were included in this retrospective study.There were 75 males (138 eyes) and 60 females (104 eyes),the ages were from 29 to 83 years,with an average age of (5 8.8± 11.1) years.The general information such as height,weight,smoking history and blood glucose [such as glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1 c)],blood pressure,blood lipid,24 hours urine protein and other examinations were collected.The diagnosis of DR and DME were made,and the staging of DR and typing of DME were performed based on fundus color imaging and OCT.DR were divided into mild nonproliferative DR (NPDR),moderate NPDR,severe NPDR and proliferative DR (PDR).DME were categorizedinto 4 types including sponge-like retinal swelling (SME),cystoid macular edema (CME),serous retinal detachment (SRD) and posterior hyaloid traction (PHT).The correlation between DME types and DR staging were analyzed by x2 test and Fisher exact test.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between DME types and systemic factors.Results In 242 DR eyes the proportions of mild,moderate,severe NPDR and PDR were 30.99％,32.64％,23.14％ and 13.23％,respectively.There were 199 eyes (82.23％) with DME.There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of DME in different stages of DR (x2=21.077,P＜0.01).In the 199 eyes with DME,There were 165 eyes (68.18％) of SME,22 eyes (9.09％) of CME,7 eyes (2.89％) of SRD and 5 eyes (2.07％) of PHT.The distribution of DME patterns in different stages of DR was statistically significant (x2=156.273,P＜0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes,HbA1c and macroalbummuria were independent risk factors for DME [odds ratio (OR)=1.090,1.510,4.123;P＜0.05],and were also independent for SME (OR=1.092,1.445,3.942;P＜0.05);HbA1c wasanindependentriskfactorforSRD(OR=2.337,P＜0.05).Canclusions There are differences in the distribution of different DME types in each stage of DR.The duration of diabetes,HbA 1c and macroalbuminuria were independent risk factors for DME and SME,and macroalbuminuria and HbA1c for CME and SRD.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intratympanic steroid therapy compared with systemic ster‐oid therapy on the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) patients with damaged glu‐cose tolerance .Methods Fifty first -diagnosed unilateral ISSNHL patients with damaged glucose tolerance were randomized devided equally to the intervention group (intratympanic steroid therapy) or the control group (systemic steroid therapy) ,all patients received conventional drug therapy simultaneously .Pure-tone hearing threshold tests were performed in all patients every 3 days after the first time ,and repeated measures anova was used to assess effects of hearing recovery accompanied with time .Results The mean hearing threshold in the control group de‐creased from 85 .4 ± 5 .6 dB to 48 .2 ± 4 .9 dB ,while in the intervention group it decreased from 84 .8 ± 5 .6 dB to 31 .7 ± 4 .6 dB .Total effective rate in the intervention group (84 .00% ,21/95) was higher than that in the control group (68 .00% ,17/25)(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The intratympanic steroid therapy is more effective than systemic steroid therapy in the treatment of ISSNHL patients with damaged glucose tolerance .