Objective To compare the characteristics of the SP-AP compound wave elicited by click and tone pip.Methods The electrocoehleogram was recorded with round window electrode,and waves were elicited by click and tone pips,respectively.Results The SP-AP compound waves were elicited 1,2,3,4 and 8 kHz tone pip and click.The amplitude of SP at each frequency was-13.56±8.7,-16.61±10.53,-10.13±14.75,-3.71±14.49,-2.99±5.4 and -4.44±10.81 μv,respectively.Conclusion Tone pip at 1,2,3,4,8 kHz can elicit SP,and produce frequency specific SP wave.This is helpful to identify the lesion site of auditory neuropathy.

0.05).② The VMCD group had a higher speech recognition threshold than the healthy aged group and the ARCD group(P

Objective To explore the relationship between the duration of tone pip with Blackman envelop and morphology or latency of auditory brainstem responses.Methods ABRs were recorded using 0.5,1,2,4 and 8 kHz tone pips with Blackman envelope at different intervals.Results The longer the duration of stimulus was,the better the frequency specificity of stimulus was.However,the ABR morphology were affected and the latencies of wave Ⅲ were prolonged.Conclusion When using tone pips to evokes ABR,stimuli should be well considered in order to produce better frequency specificity and transient state.

With the development of science and technology,many scientific achievements were gained,while a lot of problems emerged at the same time,for example,the expansion of gap between basic research and clinical research,the difficulty of clinical application of basic research achievement,all these promote the development of translational medicine.The appearance of translational research not only promote the formation of medical development strategy at the national level and the development of multiple disciplines,but also push the formation of the medical scientific research institutions on translational research and speed up the transformation of important achievements.Translational medicine in China is in the initial stage,and the top design and layout need to be increased through making overall coordinate and support,estabilishing a perfect training talent and the establishment of uniformed information platform,and so on.

With the development of translational research,many research institutes on translational research appeare around the world.These research institutes should focus on core problem,enhance the construction of information platform and training talent,evaluate translational projects and establish supporting system.Compared with foreign research institutes on translational medicine,the construction of Chinese research institute on translational research is in the initial stage,and many aspects need to improve.According to the current situation in China,we put forward that the research institutes on translational research in China should be settled in medical universities and promote the development of translational research by enhancing the training talents,developing the innovation of system,strengthening financing ability.

AIM: To quantify cyclooxygenase - 2 (COX - 2) mRNA in carcinoma of larynx and evaluate the correlation between the quantity of COX - 2 mRNA and clinical staging or histological grade. METHODS: The expression of COX - 2mRNA in 30 cases of carcinoma of larynx tissue and adjacent non - cancerous tissues were evaluated by PCR, which includes a fluorescence dye , SYBR green Ⅰ , and the sequence specific primer. The GAPDH was used as control. RESULTS: The specificity of products was proved to be COX - 2 and GAPDH by the analysis of the melting curve of the amplified products and agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression of COX - 2 mRNA was detected in all cancerous tissues of 30 patients (100%), but only in 12 adjacent non - cancerous tissues of 30 patients (40%). The NCOX value of carcinoma of larynx tissue and adjacent non - cancerous tissues was 16.54 ± 13.27 and 9.24 ± 6.91, respectively, and the expression levels of COX- 2 mRNA elevated significantly in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and there were significant correlation between the expression levels of COX - 2mRNA and clinical stage or histological grade. CONCLUSION: The expression of COX - 2 mRNA in carcinoma of larynx can be determined by real - time PCR technique. An increase in COX - 2 mRNA may be associated with carcinogenesis of carcinoma of larynx, and it may be useful as a biomarker in laryngeal cancer.

The inhibitory effects of two kinds of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors on the proliferation of human carcinoma of larynx Hep-2 in vitro and their corresponding mechanisms were investigated. Hep-2 cells were cultured with two kinds of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (Sc-58125 and Celecoxib) at various concentrations for 24 h. Morphological changes were observed under the phase microscopy and the growth suppression was detected by using MTT colorimetric assay. Apoptotic DNA fragments were observed by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the cell cycle and apoptotic rate were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) respectively. Hep-2 cells became rounded and detached from the culture dish after being treated with Celecoxib for 24 h, however, they remained morphologically unchanged with Sc-58125. Sc-58125 could increase G2 phase cells, whereas, Celecoxib rose G1 phase cells. Both of the two effects were dose-dependent. Moreover, the Hep-2 cells cultured with 50 micromol/L and 100 micromol/L Celecoxib showed obvious apoptosis, with the nuclear DNA of cells exhibiting characteristic DNA ladder. So Sc-58125 could inhibit the proliferation of Hep-2 cells by altering the G2 phase cells. However, Celecoxib had the same effect by changing the G1 phase cells and inducing apoptosis at higher concentration.
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/*pathology ; Pyrazoles/*pharmacology ; Sulfonamides/*pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVE To study the expressions and significance of Fas/APO-1 protein and caspase-3 in human middle ear cholesteatoma and to investigate the relationship between their expressions and the apoptosis of cholesteatoma. METHODS The specimens from the middle ear cholesteatoma tissue of 20 cases and external ear skin of 10 cases were examined by immunohistochemical SP method and TUNEL method. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the expressions of Fas/APO-1 and caspase-3 positive cells between choleseatoma epithelium and normal external ear canal skin(P

Audiology ; Humans ; Tinnitus ; therapy

Cranial Sinuses ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Tinnitus ; diagnosis ; therapy