Spasticity is a common problem in upper motor neuron lesions.Assessment of spasticity is extremely valuable in quantifying the effects of a therapeutic intervention.But it is,in other hand,a difficult and challenging problem.Objective:The present study was undertaken to determine the feasibility of quantifying spasticity by the pendulum test using the isokinetic dynamometric technique.We suggest that this machine can be used to perform pendulum test to quantify spasticity.Method:We studied the lower limb muscle tone in 34 spastic subjects,and in 9 flaccid paralysis control subjects,and 10 normal control subjects.Result:Typical pendulun test goniograms of each group were obtained and 5 parameters are extracted from the goniograms to evaluate the degree of spasticity. They are:Al(the flexion angle of the first drop)、R1(relaxation index)、R2(amplitude ratio)、T(time of swings)、F(frequency of swings).The correlation coefficients are calculated to determine the reliability of the parameters(>0.90 for three consecutive test;>0.80 for different days).The validity is determined by t test(p<0.01).Conclusion:The method of using isokinetic dynamometric technique combining pendulum test to quantify spasticity is a reliable,valid,accurate and convenient method of assessing spasticity.

Objective To investigate the management of research instruments.Methods Scientific and effectual device management and technical training were established.Results The instruments availability and intact conditions including economic efficacy were greatly improved via scientific and effectual management in our neurosurgical institute.Conclusion Scientific standard and systematic management can not only ensure the optimal working conditions of research instruments for research work,but promote the equipment efficacy and increase economic returns.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristic of pulmonary infection especially for the Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia(PCP) after kidney transplantation and discuss the effective control measures to reduce the infection rate.METHODS The prospective investigation was conducted among in the kidney transplant patients with pneumonia between Jan and Feb in 2004.and the retrospective investigation was conducted among the cases with kidney transplant from Jan 2003 to Dec 2004 and the characteristic of PCP with other kinds of pneumonia was compared.RESULTS Ninety two cases with kidney transplant from Jan 2003 to Dec 2004 were investigated,of which 19 patients(20.7%) had pneumonia,8 PCPs(42.1%) occurred.The median of PCP appearing time was 61days after the operation.CONCLUSIONS The pneumonia is the most familiar infection after the kidney transplantation.Prevention from the pneumonia after the kidney transplantation,especially PCP is the keystone to reduce the infection for the kidney transplantation.

0 05). For the average blood loss at 2 hour postpartum, it was 129 7 ml, 133 9 ml, 168 5 ml and 178 2 ml for group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ respectively, while the total blood loss for the 4 groups was 243 3 ml, 242 9 ml, 308 1 ml, and 314 8 ml respectively. The average blood loss of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly less than group Ⅲ and Ⅳ ( P 0 05). The occurrences of postpartum hemorrhage (blood lose ≥400 ml) were 6 4%, 13 3%, 20 7% and 25 3% for group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ respectively. There was no major adverse effects appeared. Conclusions Transamin is efficient and safe in reducing the postpartum blood loss. 1 0 g of Transamin has the best efficacy, and 0.5g of Transamin followed.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combining with temperature sensitive point moxibustion therapy on laryngeal cough with yin-deficiency of lung-kidney. Methods:Divided 80 patients into test group and control group. Each included 40 people. The test group adopted the therapy by acupuncture kaiyin 1,Tianrong point,combining with temperature sensitive point (this point ofen appears in Yongquan Point Branch) moxibustion therapy,and the control group took the Western medicine conventional treatment. Then calculated the total effective rates of the two groups and analyzed statistically. Results:At the end of treatment,the total effective rate of test group was 95%,and the control group's was 85%,the difference between total effective rate was signifi cant difference (P

Objective To study the application of intraoperative drug administration in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation(SPK), in order to achieve favorable postoperative results. Methods In the 19 cases of SPK,we primarily administered albumin 1.5~2.0g/kg to increase blood volume. Intraoperative electrocyte fluid dosage was 30~50mL/kg. Isoptin, 5mg/12h and prostaglandin E1(PGE1) 100?g/12h was given to lessen preservation injury and somatostatin(3mg/12h) to inhibit exocrine secretion of the transplanted pancreas. Results After reperfusion,the 19 transplanted pancreas grafts secreted amylase averaging 20 800U/L,and the transplanted kidneys produced urine,through the ureters,in 2~10min.In the 19cases,exogeneous insulin was withdrawn within 1.5h~9d and kidney function returned to normal within 2~4d. Conclusions In the SPK recipients, the rational use of albumin, vasodilators and somatostatin plays an important role in obtaining better function of transplanted pancreas and kidney.

Objective To compare the value of speckle-tracking imaging and tissue Doppler strain imaging in evaluating left atrial (LA) mechanical contraction. Methods Forty patients after successful percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure were enrolled in this study. Two-dimensional strain imaging (2D strain echocardiography, 2DSE) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) were performed one weak after ASD closure. Off-line analysis was done for atrial longitudinal peak systolic strain on the interatrial septum, in correspondence of the device, and on the lateral wall of the left atrium from apical 4 chamber view with 2DSE and color-coded strain imaging, respectively. Results There was no statistical difference of the inter- and intra-observer viability as well as time consumption on the off-line analysis between 2DSE and TDI. LA lateral wall strain was much higher than that of LA septum assessed by both color-coded strain imaging (47.31%±27.25% vs 30.06%±14.29%, P<0.01) and 2DSE (43.49%±25.55% vs 12.74%±9.16%, P<0.001). LA lateral wall strain was similar with either method (P=NS). However, at the site of ASD occluder, a non-contractile element, deformation was significantly higher in color-coded strain imaging than 2DSE (P<0.001). Five patients (12.50%) presented absence of deformation on ASD occluder with 2DSE, whereas there was no patient with TDI assessment (χ~2=5.33, P=0.027). Conclusion Speckle-tracking imaging is superior to tissue Doppler strain imaging in assessing left atrium mechanical function.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of triptorelin in the treatment of uterine leiomyoma. Methods A multi-center, prospective, randomly controlled clinical trial was carried out from Dec. 2002 to Mar. 2004 in three university hospitals. A total of 125 qualified patients with uterine leiomyoma were randomly divided into either triptorelin group (63 cases) treated with 3.75 mg triptorelin injected intramuscularly or leuprorelin group (62 cases) treated with 3.75 mg leuprorelin injected subcutaneously. Both drugs were injected every 28 days for a total of 3 months. Results All 125 patients finished the trial. The uterine volumes were similar before treatment between the triptorelin group and the leuprorelin group and were decreased significantly after drug therapy (P0.05).) The volumes of the largest leiomyoma decreased significantly after drug therapy (P0.05). Patients with serum level of 17?-estradiol 0.05). Dysmenorrhea, noncyclic pelvic pain and pressure-like symptoms were relieved quickly and remarkably in both groups after treatment. The rates of adverse event occurred in 71% of patients in both groups. The main side effects included flare-up effects and hypoestrogenic symptoms. Nine patients in the triptorelin group and 6 in the leuprorelin group received add-back therapy with tibolone 1.25-2.50 mg/d because of remarkable climacteric-like symptoms. Conclusion Treatment of uterine leiomyoma with triptorelin for 3 months is both effective and safe in Chinese women.

By adopting the combination of dividing stages with differentiation of syndromes for the treatment of 235 cases of the disease.40. 85% were basically curedwith a total effective rate of 94.89%.Such method oftreatment increases the efficacy and lowers the mortali-ty and rate of disability.