Objective To investigate the role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in cell survival of cone photoreceptors and the underlying mechanism following oxidant injury.Methods 661W cells were cultured and randomly divided into normal control group,LIF intervention group,H2O2 intervention group,S3 I201 intervention group,H2O2 + LIF intervention group,H2O2 + S3I201 intervention group and H2O2 + LIF + S3I201 intervention group,according to the different intervention drugs.MTT assay and Western blot were used to detect the effects of LIF pretreatment on 661W activity and the expression of STAT3 protein and its phosphorylation level after oxidative damage.Using STAT3-specific inhibitor S3I201 to block the STAT3 signal transduction pathway,MTT assay and real-time PCR were used to detect the effects of STAT3 signaling pathway on 661 W activity and the mRNA expression of survivin bcl-2 and bcl-xi after oxidative damage.Results Compared to H2O2 intervention group,the relative protein expression of p-Tyr705-STAT3 was increased in H2O2 + LIF intervention group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ O.05);The relative protein expression of p-Tyr705-STAT3 was decreased in H2O2 + S3I201 intervention group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to H2O2 intervention group,the cell activity of 661W cells was increased in H2O2 + LIF intervention group,the difference was statistically significant(P ＜0.05).Compared to H2O2 + LIF intervention group,the cell activity of 661W cells was decreased in H2O2 + LIF + S3I201 intervention group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to normal control group,the mRNA expression of bcl-2 and bcl-xl were increased in LIF intervention group,H2O2 intervention group and H2O2 + LIF intervention group,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared to H2O2 + LIF intervention group,the mRNA expression of bcl-2 and bcl-xl were decreased in H2O2 + LIF + S3I201 intervention group,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion LIF has protective effect on oxidative injury of cone photoreceptors,and it may contribute to cell survival through activation of the STAT3 signaling transduction pathway and its related survivin.

BACKGROUND: The conventional X-ray imaging has low absorption contrast for lymphoedema, and the resolution is about mm level, which is not conducive to early diagnosis. Micro-imaging of biological soft tissues can be achieved by phase-contras imaging technique. OBJECTIVE: Using synchrotron radiation in-line phase contrast imaging technique to achieve the lymphoedema model imaging and observe the lesions characteristic of lymphatic vessels. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Observational experiment. The lymphoedema model was prepared at the Capital Medical University from May to June in 2009. And the experiment was completed in Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) BL13W1 in June 2009. MATERIALS: Five New Zealand rabbits were prepared for lower extremity lymphoedema models. METHODS: The lower extremity lymph node eradicates operation was performed on rabbits to result in lower extremity lymphoedema. And the synchrotron radiation in-line phase contrast imaging technology was used to collect the projected image of specimens within the 180°, and to reconstruct three-dimensional image. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Severity of lymphatic vessels and the wall thickness. RESULTS: The lymphatic vessel was swollen, bent and distorted. And the lymphatic vessel generates lateral branches in order to promote lymphatic drainage, which was clearly observed from the image obtained by phase contrast imaging technology.CONCLUSION: The use of synchrotron radiation type coaxial imaging technology can be achieved for lymphedema model for micro-imaging, which has certain significance to the early diagnosis of lymphedema.

Objective To report the diagnosis and treatment of the pregnant women, who were positive for syphilis in serological test, as well as their final pregnant results. Methods we conducted a retrospective analysis of the serological test results of 3 105 pregnant women subjected to childbirth or induced labor in the department of gynaecology and obstetrics at our hospital since January of 2004. Results Of the 3105 pregnant women, 21 (6.76 ) were positive for treponema pallidum (TP). Additionally, 7 (33.33%) cases were positive for TRUST, and 6 (28.57%) negative. Only 2 cases showed skin lesion, canker and soft chancre. Of the 18 cases, who were found to get infection during pregnancy, 11 (61.11%) had taken the treatment against syphilis. Of the 21 women positive for TP, 5 were subjected to induced labor, 13 to cesarean section, and 3 to spontaneous parturition. The average time of pregnancy was (267.44?11.00) d. The Apgar score of all 16 newborns was 10 at birth. The umbilical blood of 5 infants was tested by TP and TRUST, among which 3 were positive by TP, 2 were positive for TRUST. All infants did not have any clinical manifestation of congenital syphilis after birth. There were 5 cases transferred to the ward of pediatrics, among which 2 undertook the treatment against syphilis, 2 against premature delivery, and 1 against asphyxia, and finally all had been cured. Conclusion The patients, who were found positive for TP during the early and middle period of pregnancy, can obtain a fine pregnant result, if undertaking regular examination and treatment against syphilis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of bladder saline perfusion before catheter removal in TURP patients. Methods From 2009 to 2011,140 patients received TURP were enrolled in this study.Patients were divided into perfusion group (70 cases with bladder saline perfusion before catheter removal) and control group (70 cases without perfusion). Results Comparing with the control group (33.1 ± 5.4) min,the time waiting for urination was shorter in perfusion group ( 3.7 ± 0.2 ) min ( P ＜0.05 ).The recovering time to normal urination was shorter in perfusion group (7.7 ± 1.2 ) d than in control group (11.7 ± 1.3) d (P ＜ 0.05 ) as well.In the first urine after catheter removal and first urine on the next day morning,white blood cell count of 2 groups (4.5 ± 0.1 ) vs ( 6.9 ± 3.5 ) ; ( 3.7 ± 0.2 ) vs (4.3 ±0.5) had significant differences ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Bladder saline perfusion before catheter removal in TURP patients is simple and effective for the restoration of normal voiding.

The liver sample of mouse under different conditions is investigated in this paper, and the three-dimensional vessel system of mouse liver is established. The experiments were performed at X-ray imaging and biomedical application beamline (BL13W1) of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF). The results show that dry liver sample has the best imaging quality. By the approach of filter back projection (FBP), the tomography images are obtained. The vessel tree is reconstructed by the use of surface rendering. It reveals that in-line phase contrast imaging technique has the ability to visualize structures inside mouse liver and has the potential to be used in liver imaging in the future.
Animals ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Background:The overlap of autoimmune liver disease with extrahepatic autoimmune disease adds the difficulty of diagnosis. It is essential to understand their clinical features. Aims:To analyze the clinical characteristics of primary biliary cirrhosis-autoimmune hepatitis( PBC-AIH ) overlap syndrome, and to investigate the effect of extrahepatic autoimmune disease on PBC-AIH. Methods:The clinical data including general information,clinical manifestations, biochemical parameters,immunological parameters,liver histopathological features,imaging findings and incidence of extrahepatic autoimmune disease of 81 patients with PBC-AIH were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether overlapping with extrahepatic autoimmune disease,PBC-AIH patients were divided into combination group and non-combination group. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were analyzed. Results:The ratio of male to female of 81 patients with PBC-AIH was 1 ∶ 9. 1,and the average age was(58. 1 ± 9. 9)years old. Of the patients 53. 1% had symptoms,the percentage of jaundice and pruritus was 18. 5% . Serum levels of ALT,AST,ALP,GGT,TBil and Glo were increased in all patients and IgG and IgM levels were increased in most of the patients. The positive rates of ANA, AMA and/ or AMA-M2,SMA and gp210 and/ or sp100 were 100% ,90. 1% ,1. 2% and 11. 1% ,respectively. Portal lymphoplasmacyte infiltration and interface hepatitis were the major liver histopathological features;50. 6% of the patients had both histological features of PBC and AIH. Cirrhosis was diagnosed in 28 patients(34. 6% )by imaging,and abdominal lymph nodes enlargement was found in 76 patients(93. 8% ). Twenty-three patients(28. 4% )overlapped with extrahepatic autoimmune disease;Sjogren’s syndrome and autoimmune thyroid disease were the most frequently overlapped extrahepatic autoimmune diseases. The level of GGT was significantly lower in combination group than in non-combination group(P = 0. 001). No statistically significant differences in other clinical characteristics were found between the two groups. Conclusions:It is crucial to understand the clinical characteristics of PBC-AIH and to screen the overlapped extrahepatic autoimmune disease,especially Sjogren’s syndrome and autoimmune thyroid disease.

Objective To investigate the role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) on retinal photoreceptor cells and the underlying mechanism after light damage.Methods Fifty 5-6 weeks old BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control group (10 mice),light damage+LIF group (20 mice) and light damage+PBS group (20 mice).Four days before exposing to light,the right eye of each animal in light damage+LIF group and light damage+PBS group was injected with LIF and PBS,respectively;then the mice in the light damage+LIF group and light damage+PBS group were exposed to 4 000 lx intensity of cool white fluorescent light for 4 hours to establish the experimental model of retinal light damage.The function and morphology of retinal photoreceptor cells were detected by flash electroretinogram (fERG) and histopathological examination.Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of Jak3,STAT3,and apoptosis-related factor Bcl-2 and Bax.The use of animals is guided by the State Science and Technology Commission's regulations on the management of experimental animals.Results The amplitudes of scotopic ERG a wave of 0.01,1,100,200,400 cd · s/m2 light in the light damage + PBS group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group and light damage + LIF group (all at P ＜ 0.05).The amplitudes of photopic ERG b wave of different color light in the light damage+PBS group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group and light damage+LIF group (all at P＜0.05).The number of photoreceptor nuclei in the light damage+PBS group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group and light damage+ LIF group (both at P＜0.05).Compared with light damage+PBS group,the relative expression of Jak3,STAT3,Bcl-2 mRNA in light damage+LIF group were significantly increased (all at P＜0.05),and the relative expression of Bax mRNA were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Conclusions LIF can protect retinal photoreceptor cells from light damage,which may result from the activation of Jak3/STAT3 signaling pathway and inhibition of its downstream Bax/Bcl-2 apoptotic pathway.

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of multi-mode images of retinal arterial macroaneurysms and provide reference for the accurate diagnostic.Methods The clinic data of 24 patients (25 eyes) with retinal arterial macroaneurysms who were diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from August 2012 to May 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received ophthalmologic examinations including visual acuity,fundus photography,and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA).The patients who could not be diagnosed by fundus photography and FFA underwent indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) examinations.The visual acuity of the three types of retinal arterial macroaneurysms and the diameters of retinal arterial macroaneurysms based on FFA images was analyzed.Results A single macroaneurysm appeared in all the 25 eyes.Retinal arterial macroaneurysms of 22 eyes were on temporal artery branches and those of 3 eyes were on the nasal artery branches.Sixteen retinal arterial macroaneurysms were determined as hemorrhagic type,2 were exudative type and the other 7 were quiescent type.The difference of vision acuity in the three types of retinal arterial macroaneurysms was significantly different (x2=15.117,P=0.001).Retinal arterial macroaneurysms of 20 eyes could be clearly exhibited by FFA,and the retinal arterial macroaneurysms in other 5 eyes which were concealed due to bleeding were displayed by ICGA and OCT.The average diameter of retinal arterial macroaneurysms and normal arteries were (330.65±43.09)μm and (134.70±10.74)μm,respectively,showing a significant difference (t =21.034,P =0.000) and a positive correlation between them (r =0.867,P=0.000).Conclusions Most retinal artcrial macroaneurysms can be diagnosed by FFA,moreover,both ICGA and OCT can provide necessary supplement for the concealed retinal arterial macroaneurysms.The larger the diameter of the normal artery is,the larger the diameter of the corresponding retinal arterial macroaneurysms is.The typing of retinal arterial macroaneurysms can offer basis for the evaluation of management.

Professor's clinical experiences were introduced in the intervention on atopic dermatitis with external therapies of TCM acupuncture. On the basis of the theory as cultivating the earth and clearing the heart from professorand in terms of the disease stages and skin lesion characteristics, as well as in consideration of syndrome differen-tiation, the acupoints for strengthening the spleen and clearing heart fire are selected, such as Zhongwan (CV 12), Daheng (SP 15), Shuifen (CV 9), Tianshu (ST 25), Neiguan (PC 6) and Quchi (LI 11). For the repair of skin lesion, the integration of Chinese and western medicine is used, with the internal application and external use of Chinese herbal medicines involved. The topical ointments are selected rationally. The self-blood therapy is used with acupuncture, bleeding therapy and acupoint injection applied in combination on the basis of the theory of TCMorgans and modern immunological mechanism, which stimulates the nonspecific immune response in the body and strengthens acupoint stimulus effects. Medical thread therapy ofmedicine is used in moxibustion for skin damage, which effectively stops itching and promotes wound healing and skin repair.

Objective To analyze the chorological changes of diagnosis in patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD) and related factors for early diagnosis.Methods A total of 581 patients with age ranged from 16 to 81 were retrospectively analyzed,who were admitted to Tianjin Medical University General Hospital with AILD during January 2000 to December 2017.Age at diagnosis,diagnostic method and cirrhosis at diagnosis were compared in different groups according to admission period as 2000-2005,2006-2011,2012-2017.Results The diagnostic rate of AILD showed an upward trend during the past near two decades.The proportion of AILD patients diagnosed via health examination was increasing year by year mainly by elevated transaminases (P＜0.001).The mean age at diagnosis in our AILD patients were younger at present,especially in men (P=0.044).The proportion of cirrhosis at diagnosis was gradually reduced in three different periods respectively [77.78％(21/27),41.58％ (79/190),25.00％(91/364),P＜0.001],which were coincident in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) (P＜0.001).The shrinking trend of cirrhosis at diagnosis was significantly correlated with the increasing application of health examination (r=-0.549,P＜0.001).Conclusions Extensive application of health examination expands the diagnostic rate of AILD.During the past 18 years,more young patients are diagnosed with AILD.The proportion of severe cases such as cirrhosis at diagnosis is decreasing.Screening of immunological examinations in patients with abnormal transaminases is needed and critical to the early diagnosis of asymptomatic AILD.