Purpose　The aim is to find out an effective preventing influenza immune preparation. Methods　Egg yolk immune solution of anti-influenza virus(FM1 stem) was prepared from egg of the hens that had been successfully immunized with influenza virus (FM1 stem). Its effects of anti-virus were observed through animal experiment.Results　When the mice of control group began to die the average daily drink quantity of the mice of normal saline control group, egg yolk immune solution control group, immediate preventive group was (3.06±0.86), (2.93±1.47) and (3.99±0.21)ml(P＜0.05)respectively. The average body weights of the mice of these three groups were (15.85±2.70),(14.58±1.92) and (18.27±1.71)g(P＜0.05)respectively. Their mortality was separately 53.84%,69.23% and 3.84%(P＜0.01). The antibody positive rate of survived mice′s serum (1∶10 diluted) was separately 100%, 100% and 0%(P＜0.01). Conclusion　The anti-virus effects of egg yolk immune solution of anti-influenza virus was powerful. The result of preventing mice′s influenza was remarkable.

Objective To understand the perceptions of normal and ideal body size in registered nurses and nursing students,and to analyze the impacts of individual weight levels and misperception of body weight on their such cognitions.Methods A cross-sectional survey of 407 nursing students from two hospitals and 466 registered nurses from one hospital was conducted with the questionnaire survey.Sociodemographic information,actual weight,perceived weight levels and scores for figure rating scale were included.Results FRS scores for normal and ideal body size to male were significantly higher than to female either in registered nurses or in nursing students; FRS scores for ideal body size to both sexes were significantly lower than those for normal body size among registered nurses and nursing students.There were no statistically significant associations between FRS scores for normal and ideal body size and individuals' weight levels and misperceptions of body weight among registered nurses and nursing students.Conclusions There existed differences in rating female and male body size among registered nurses and nursing students,with “bigger” normal and ideal body sizes to male,Nurses preferred to “thinner” ideal body size in comparison to normal body size.

Objective To understand the laboratory testing current situation of ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn(ABO-HDN)in Chizhou area,and to analyze the test results of serological three indexes tests in order to provide the basis for clinical diag-nosis.Methods The ABO blood group identification and serological three indexes tests(direct antiglobulin test,free antibody test, antibody release test)were performed by using microcolumn gel method.Results A,B,O and AB blood groups were 29.13%, 31.09%,37.82% and 1.96%;the total positive rate of ABO-HDN was 22.41%(80/357),the positive rates of ABO-HDN in A and B blood groups were 38.46% (40/104)and 36.04% (40/111 )respectively;the occurrence rate of ABO-HDN had no statistical difference between blood group A and B (P >0.05);the positive rates of the direct antiglobulin test,free antibody test and antibody release test were 1.96%(7/357),4.76%(17/357)and 22.41%(80/357)respectively.Conclusion The serological three indexes tests are the main basis for the diagnosis of ABO-HDN,the antibody release test shows the highest positive rate.If clinically consid-ering HDN,the newborns should conduct the ABO-HDN screening as early as possible for clarifying the diagnosis and performing the early treatment.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of technological modification and innovation of full-left/full-right liver splitting in situ for donors and examine the safety of clinical application for liver transplantation (LT).Methods:From March 2021 to June 2022, clinical and surgical data are retrospectively reviewed for 27 donors undergoing full-left/full-right liver splitting in situ and the corresponding 49 recipients undergoing full-left/full-right LT.According to the split liver technique used in donor liver surgery, they are divided into conventional split group(group A, 13 cases)and innovative split group(group B, 14 cases). The corresponding recipients are divided into two groups of recipient C(25 cases)and recipient D(24 cases). General profiles, intraoperative findings, type of vascular allocation and short-term outcomes in two groups are compared.After full-size split liver transplantation(fSLT), follow-ups continued until the end of September 2022.Results:There are 23 males and 4 females in donors.The causes of mortality for donors are traumatic head injury(12 cases)cerebrovascular accident(13 cases)and anoxia encephalopathy(2 cases). Baseline characteristics of two groups indicate that body weight and body mass index(BMI)are higher in group B and blood sodium level is lower than that in group A( P<0.05). No statistical differences exist for the others.Liver splitting time is significantly shorter in group B than that in group A(175 vs.230 min, P=0.022). No significant inter-group difference exists in type of vascular allocation.Retrohepatic inferior vena cava(IVC)is split in one case in group A and 10 cases in group B( P=0.001). Among 20 cases of right hemiliver requiring a reconstruction of segment Ⅴ/Ⅷ venous outflow, 12 cases in group A and 3 cases in group B are reconstructed with conventional independent bridging method(independent type)while another 5 cases in group B reconstruct with innovated technique by bridging Ⅴ/Ⅷ vein for splitting IVC with iliac vessel and molding all outflows as one for anastomosis(combined typ e). There is significant inter-group difference( P=0.004). No significant differences exist in operative duration, anhepatic phase or blood loss between groups C and B, except for T tube retaining in 7 cases of group A and 14 cases of group D( P=0.032). Twelve cases developed a total of 26 instances of≥Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅲ complications.Of which, 7 cases in group C and 5 cases in group D show no significant difference in postoperative morbidity.However, for serious biliary complications(≥Clavien Dindo grade Ⅲ), there are 6 cases in group C versus none in group D( P=0.016). Two cases died from postoperative complication with a postoperative mortality rate of 4.1%.Postoperative hospital stay is similar in two groups.And accumulates 6/12-month survivals were 95.9% and 87.7% for grafts and 95.9% and 92.4% for recipients respectively. Conclusions:Operative duration of full-left/full-right liver splitting in situ tends to shorten with an accumulation of a certain amount of cases.Technological modification and innovation in IVC splitting and segment Ⅴ/Ⅷ vein reconstruction should be further validated as both feasible and safe by short-term outcomes of the corresponding recipients.

Objective:To explore the genotype and clinical phenotype characteristics of patients with pancreatic agenesis caused by GATA6 gene mutations and to improve the clinical understanding of pancreatic agenesis.Methods:The clinical data of a newborn with pancreatic agenesis admitted to the Second Hospital of Shandong University were retrospectively analyzed. Relevant literature published until October 31, 2022, were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, Chinese Medical Journal Full Text Database, PubMed, Embase and SCI Database with the terms of "pancreatic agenesis", "GATA6", "pancreatic agenesis/hypoplasia" and "GATA6 Translation Factor". The characteristics of gene variants and clinical manifestations of patients diagnosed with pancreatic agenesis caused by GATA6 gene mutation were retrieved and summarized.Results:This case was a full-term male infant who developed insulin dependent hyperglycemia and fatty diarrhea 2 d after birth, accompanied by intrauterine growth restriction, congenital heart disease, and cryptorchidism. Genetic testing showed a novel heterozygous mutation of GATA6 (c.1366C>T) which was consistent with the autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The phenotype and genotype between the proband and his parents were consistent with the cosegregation. The ACMG mutation was rated as pathogenic variant. Intravenous infusion of insulin, subcutaneous injection of insulin, or long-acting insulin were not effective. After continuous subcutaneous pumping of aspartic insulin combined with oral pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, the infant's condition was improved and discharged. Follow up to age of 15 months, the patient still relied on continuously subcutaneous pump to control blood glucose, pancreatic exocrine function was back to normal, and the development was generally normal. A total of 59 cases were reported in 22 articles, with the case from our hospital, there were 60 patients in total. Among them, 47 were probands and 13 were family members, about 61.7% (29/47) of which were de novo mutations. There were 39 variants, of which 28.2% (11/39) were missense mutations and 71.8% (28/39) were functional deletion variations. Mutations of GATA6 gene had a broad phenotype spectrum. The phenotypes mainly included neonatal diabetes mellitus ( n=39) and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency ( n=39). Other extra-pancreatic features included different types of congenital heart disease ( n=54), congenital biliary abnormalities ( n=23), intestinal developmental disorders ( n=16), neurocognitive disorders ( n=18) and endocrine abnormalities ( n=15). Conclusions:The heterozygous variations of GATA6 gene lead to pancreatic hypoplasia and a broad phenotype spectrum. The pancreatic phenotypes mainly include neonatal diabetes mellitus and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, and extra-pancreatic phenotypes include congenital heart disease and other developmental abnormalities.

ObjectiveTo compare the transcriptional levels of two cultivars （Mingui 1 and Mingui 2） with different stem and leaf colors. MethodThe fresh leaves with petioles and the upper stems from Angelica sinensis with two colors were selected as the material， and the hybrid sequencing strategy was used. The technology at the transcriptome was used to build the non-reference full-length transcript library of A. sinensis， and the RNA-seq technology was used to analyze differentially expressed genes of the two cultivars， reusing a public database for biology function annotation and fine classification of differentially expressed genes. The main candidate genes regulating color differences between stems and leaves of A. sinensis were screened out. ResultThe sequencing results of A. sinensis transcripts were good and the quality of the sequencing data was high. The 34 528 full-length transcripts were annotated into 33 947， 33 241， 29 150， and 22 601 in the Non-redundant Protein Sequence Database （NR）， Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG）， SwissProt， and Clusters of Orthologous Groups for Eukaryotic Complete Genomes （KOG）， respectively. The 705 differentially expressed genes of the two cultivars with biological and molecular functions were divided into 11 categories， which were mainly enriched in the primary metabolism （17.87%）， stress response （14.47%）， and secondary metabolism （11.49%）. The differentially expressed genes related to colors were mainly concentrated in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. ConclusionThe main reason for the color differences of the stems and leaves in two cultivars of A. sinensis may be related to the expression differences of genes regulating flavonoid biosynthesis， which lays a foundation for subsequent functional verification and further clarification of the relationship with the main pharmacodynamic components of A. sinensis.

ObjectiveTo conduct genetic variation analysis of 11 cultivars and 7 wild populations of Angelica sinensis in Gansu province based on the chloroplast gene （cp DNA）， and provide references for germplasm identification and breeding of new cultivars of A. sinensis. MethodThree pairs of cp DNA primers were used for polymerase chain reaction （PCR） amplification and sequencing of A. sinensis samples. MegaX was used to perform statistics on sequence characteristics and calculate mean genetic distances among A. sinensis populations. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means （UPGMA） clustering tree based on genetic distance was constructed by NTSYS 2.10e. DanSP v6 was used to calculate sequence polymorphism and Tajima's D of A. sinensis. PERMUT was used to calculate the population structure of A. sinensis. Arlequin v3.5 was used to perform molecular variation analysis， and PopART1.7 was used to construct TCS haplotype network. ResultThree pairs of cp DNA primers were amplified， sequenced， compared， and combined to give a sequence length of 1 759 bp. One variable site was detected in the wild A. sinensis and 480 variable sites were detected in the cultivated A. sinensis， including 97 singleton variable sites， 383 parsimony informative sites， and 152 insertion-deletion sites. In the three regions of matK， psbA-trnH， and rbcL of cp DNA in the wild and cultivated A. sinensis， matK was the region with the highest polymorphism. Tajima’s D of all the combined sequences of A. sinensis were not significantly negative， but psbA-trnH and rbcL genes of the cultivated A. sinensis were significantly negative， indicating that the A. sinensis followed neutral evolution on a whole， while psbA-trnH and rbcL genes had undergone selection. The degree of genetic differentiation （Fst=0） among wild populations was lower than that among cultivated populations （Fst=0.114 19， P<0.05）. The degree of genetic differentiation between wild and cultivated A. sinensis was relatively high （Fst=0.942 55， P<0.01）. Genetic variation in the cultivated A. sinensis was mainly found within the populations （89%）. UPGMA cluster tree based on genetic distance showed that the wild A. sinensis and the cultivated A. sinensis were clustered into one branch， respectively， with a distant genetic relationship， and the population 3 in the cultivated A. sinensis was far from other cultivated populations. The TCS haplotype network consisted of 15 haplotypes and 4 unknown haplotypes， which was divided into 3 parts， with a large number of variations among each part. Shared haplotypes were only found in the wild or cultivated groups， and there were no shared haplotypes between groups. ConclusionThe genetic diversity of A. sinensis was low at species level， and the population diversity of the wild was lower than that of the cultivated. The degree of genetic differentiation between the wild and the cultivated A. sinensis was high， but that in the wild and the cultivated populations were low. Genetic variation in the cultivated A. sinensis was mainly found within populations.

With the continuous development of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， the requirement for the quality of Chinese medicines has become increasingly higher since they have been widely used in clinical practice. Chinese medicinal materials are the material basis for the inheritance and development of TCM， and their quality directly affects the clinical efficacy. Studying the quality of Chinese medicinal materials is the key to ensure the quality and realize the large-scale application. As one of rare Chinese medicinal materials， Cistanches Herba has the functions of tonifying kidney yang， invigorating blood and essence， moistening intestines to relieve constipation. High-quality Cistanches Herba is characterized by glossy appearance， high density， fleshy and soft texture， and sweet taste. With the reduction of wild resources， the products from cultivated Cistanche deserticola or C. tubulosa become dominant on the market of Cistanches Herba. The cultivation areas are widely distributed， mainly concentrated in Gansu， Inner Mongolia， and Xinjiang. However， the cultivated products have varied quality due to the differences in germplasm， producing region， cultivation method， harvesting， and processing. According to the theories of quality evaluation based on morphological characteristics and excellent appearance indicating high quality， this paper reviewed the literature on the quality evaluation， growth， development， and processing of Cistanches Herba in the last decade to explore the main factors （genetic characteristics， environmental conditions， and harvesting and processing factors） affecting the quality of Cistanches Herba. The review aims to explore the factors for the high quality and provide a reference for the producing region screening， directional cultivation， and production of Cistanches Herba.

ObjectiveTo analyze the sequence variation and genetic diversity of 47 Isatis indigotica germplasm materials， and carry out the study on the genetic differentiation and structure. MethodGenomic DNA of 47 I. indigotica germplasm materials were extracted by kit extraction method. Two chloroplast DNA （cp DNA） sequences and five inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） primers were used for amplification and sequencing. Chromas， Mega 7.0， DanSP5， and GenALEx were used to calibrate， splice， and analyze the sequence characteristics. PERMUT and PopGen 1.31 were used to analyze the genetic diversity parameters and genetic structure， and NTSYS was used to obtain the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means（UPGMA） clustering tree plot of 47 I. indigotica germplasm materials. ResultA total of 129 samples from 47 I. indigotica germplasm materials were successfully amplified and sequenced. The length of 2 cp DNA sequences after spliced was 1 412 bp， and there were 377 polymorphic variation loci， and 36 haplotypes. Fu and Li's D* test was significant （P<0.01）. The values of Pi， H_S， and H_T based on cp DNA were 0.119 89， 0.787， and 0.891， respectively. The genetic differentiation coefficients of gene differentiation coefficient（Gst）， nucleotide differentiation coefficient（Nst）， and fixation index（Fst） were 0.117， 0.468， and 0.488， respectively， and the gene flow （Nm） was 0.615. The mean values of PPB， Shannon information diversity index（I）， Nei's genetic diversity index（H）， and Gst based on ISSR were 78.85%， 0.334 8， 0.218 6， and 0.754 4， respectively， and the Nm value was 0.162 8. ConclusionI. indigotica has high genetic diversity and abundant haplotypes at the species level， with abundant haplotypes. Genetic differentiation among different germplasm materials is obvious， and gene exchange is not frequent. Genetic variation mainly exists among populations. The population has accumulated various low-frequency gene mutations recently， suggesting that it has experienced significant regional expansion in the history.