Objective To analyze the clinical features of overlap syndromes(OS),I.e.,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)complicated with obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome (OSAHS).MethodsFrequency of episodes of acute exacerbation,severity,quality of life,exercise endurance,complications and three-year survival rate were investigated in eight patients with OS and 10 patients with pure COPD.Results Both quality of life and exercise endurance in OS group were lower than those in COPD group(P＜0.05).Annual frequency of acute exacerbation episodes and severity were more and three-year survival rate was lower in OS group than those in COPD group(P＜0.05).Complications of hypertension,diabetes,erythrocythemia,respiratory failure and heart failure were all more frequent in OS group than those in COPD group.Among all the above clinical features,increased frequency of acute exacerbation episodes was the most significant.Conclusions OS is clinically more severe than pure COPD,so more attention should be paid to it.Survival for patients with OS can not extended by nocturnal oxygen therapy alone,which may be beneficial when combined with biphasic positive airway pressure(BiPAP)or continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)ventilation.

Objective The clinical significance and the approcach of inserting the scope were studied. Methods 148 patients underwent the examination in our hospital through October 1993 to December 1998. The scope was put into biliary system via common bile duct (CBD) in 108 cases, cystic duct in 20 and the confluence of the two in 26. Results Extrahepatic stones were found in 103 cases with total extirpation, while the intrahepatic ones were removed in only 10 out of 18 cases ( rate of residual stone=37.5％ ). Biopsies were taken in 17 cases with a detection of biliary cancer (n=5), CBD malignancy (n=8) and inflammatory change (n=4). Conclusion The application of intraoperative cholangioscopy offers ready reduction of residual stone and correct diagnosis with biopsy. The scope can be passed through cystic duct, CBD or their junction, depending on real conditions.

Objective:To explore the central mechanism of working memory impairments experienced by patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Using block-design,ten normal and twenty patients with schizophrenia perform digital recognition(remember two or five digitals simultaneous and make judgment about whether the digital presented latter is that appeared before)and direction judgment of arrows(toward to left or right)while proceeding blood-oxygen level dependent contrast functional magnetic resonance imaging(BOLD-fMRI).Results:On the condition of same cognitive load,abnormal activation of basal ganglia occurred in schizophrenics.Comparing to normal control,patients with schizophrenia exhibited a tendency of more activation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.Conclusion:Abnormal activity of basal ganglia and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may be the critical cause of working memory deficit experienced by patients with schizophrenia.

ObjectiveThe clinical significance and the approcach of inserting the scope werestudied. Methods148 patients underwent the examination in our hospital through October 1993 to De-cember 1998. The scope was put into biliary system via common bile duct (CBD) in 108 cases, cystic duct in20 and the confluence of the two in 26.Results Extrahepatic stones were found in 103 cases with totalextirpation, while the intrahepatic ones were removed in only 10 out of 18 cases( rate of residual stone =37.5% ). Biopsies were taken in 17 cases with a detection of biliary cancer (n = 5), CBD malignancy (n =8) and inflammatory change (n = 4).ConclusionThe application of intraoperative cholangioscopy offersready reduction of residual stone and correct diagnosis with biopsy. The scope can be passed through cysticduct, CBD or their junction, depending on real conditions.

A simple and reliable electroanalytical method for the fast determination of aluminum in natural and drinking waters by a. c. oscillopolarography using solochrome violet RS(SVRS) is described. The alkaline buffer solution used was 0.85 mol/L NH3·H2O- NH4 Cl(pH 8.8) containing 5 × 10-5 mol/L SVRS. A sensitive incision due to the redox reaction of Al-SVRS complex adsorption wave on the Hg-film electrode was observed on the dE/dtE oscillogram at - 1.05 V. The incision depth was linearly proportional to the A1 concentration in the range of 1 ×10-7 ～6 × 10-6 mol/L. No serious interference was found. The detection limit of this method was 5 × 10-8 mol/L,and the relative standard deviation was 5.5% for 2 × 10-7 mol/L Al ( n = 10). This method was successfully applied to the determination Al in 22 real samples. The results were found to be in good agreement with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry.

Objective To study the antibacterial effect of Shenju lotion in vitro. Methods The diameter of inhibition zone was determined by paper-disc agar-diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration ( MBC ) was determined by culture medium dilution methodand agar medium plate method, respectively. Antibacterial effect was compared between Shenju lotion and city sale of the gynecological lotion. Results Inhibitory effects of Shenju lotion on 5 pathogenic strains were significantly better than that of city sale of the gynecological lotion at the same concentrations (P<0. 05). MIC of Shenju lotion on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans was 33. 75, 67. 5, 67. 5, 67. 5 and 33. 75 mg ·mL-1 , respectively. MBC of Shenju lotion on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans was 33. 75, 67. 5, 67. 5, 135 and 33. 75 mg ·mL-1 , respectively. Conclusion Shenju lotion has obvious bacteriostasis and sterilization effect.

Objective To explore the effect of relaxation response on mental health in physically heath subjects.Methods The literatures on relaxation response published in recent 20 years were searched.Those using Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)and meeting inclusive criteria were analyzed with meta analysis.Results Nine literatures including 975 subjects were enrolled.The mean weight change(WMD)of SCL-90 Was 0.10 to 0.24.In overall effect test, Z value was 3.64 to 9.64(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Relaxation response may help to improve mental health of Chinese population.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of percutaneous trasluminal angioplasty (PTA) for ischemic lesions of below-the-knee(BTK) arteries in elderly patients.Methods Clinical data of 56 elderly patients(the PTA group) with ischemic lesions of BTK arteries who had received PTA treatment were retrospectively analyzed.The ankle brachial index (ABI) and the skin temperature of the affected foot were recorded and analyzed before and after treatment.The clinical effects were compared with those of conservative treatment 31 patients(the control group) had received during the same period.Results PTA was successfully performed in all of the 56 cases.The skin temperature rose,claudication disappeared or the claudication distance increased,rest pain disappeared or lessened,and no severe complications or death occurred in the PTA group.ABI increased from (0.41±0.12) before treatment to(0.63±0.21),(0.65±0.19),(0.67± 0.22),(0.61±0.20),and (0.58±0.18) at 24 hours,1,3,6 and 12 months after treatment,respectively.The skin temperature increased from(28.4±2.1)℃ before treatment to(35.4±2.4)℃,(35.6±2.1)℃,(35.8±2.4)℃,(34.6±2.1)℃ and(34.3±2)℃ at 24 hours,1,3,6 and 12 months after treatment,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in ABI and the skin temperature between before treatment and any time point after treatment(all P＜0.05) and between the PTA group and the control group at any time point after treatment(all P＜0.05).Conclusions PTA is a safe and effective treatment for ischemic lesions of BTK arteries in elderly patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of implanting an inferior vena cava filter to prevent pulmonary embolism.Methods Reviewed the causality of 180 cases,which was undertaken the ultrasound examination,patients were diagnosed as the deep vein thrombosis,male patients were 128 cases, female patients were 52 cases,median age was 65 years old,all received the transfemora] implantation of inferior vena cava filter implantation.Results All the operations were successfully conducted,filters were placed into inferior vena cava at 1-3 cm inferior of renal vein,without hematoma in the puncture position and thrombosis.One hundred and forty-nine cases (82.8%) were followed up at 1,6,12 months respectively, 55 cases(30.6%)were followed up more than 36 months, no filter drift,deformation and inferior vena perforation complications was observed.There was no fatal pulmonary embolism occurred for all the cases,the inferior vena unobstructed rate was 95.6%.Conclusion Vena cava filter is an effective and safe method which can prevent and cure pulmonary embolism.

Objective To investigate the value of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) ,haptoglobin (HPT) and amy-loid A (SAA) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with pneumonia.Methods 87 cases of acute exacerbation of COPD without pneumonia and 76 cases with pneumo-nia ,admitted in the hospital from December 2015 to March 2017 ,were selected as COPD without pneumonia group and COPD with pneumonia group.62 healthy people who underwent the healthy assessment during the same period were selected as the control group.The changes of serum IL-6 ,HPT and SAA levels in three groups ,the value of serum IL-6 ,HPT and SAA levels in detecting COPD with pneumonia and the correlation of IL-6 ,HPT and SAA were compared.Results COPD patients with serum IL-6 ,HPT and SAA were higher than group COPD with pneumonia group and control group ,and COPD is not associated with serum IL-6 , HPT and SAA in pneumonia group than the control group (P＜0.05) ;IL-6+ HPT+SAA diagnostic specifici-ty ,sensitivity and positive predictive value is higher than IL-6 ,HPT and SAA (P＜0.05) ;IL-6 and HPT was positively related with SAA and HPT was positively correlated with SAA.The serum levels of IL-6 ,HPT and SAA in the COPD with pneumonia group were higher than those in the COPD without pneumonia group and the control group ,and the serum IL-6 ,HPT and SAA levels in the COPD without pneumonia group were higher than those in the control group ,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The diagnos-tic specificity ,sensitivity and positive predictive value of the combined detection of IL-6 ,HPT and SAA levels were higher than those of single detection of IL-6 ,HPT and SAA level ,and the difference was statistically sig-nificant (P＜0.05) ;IL-6 level was positively correlated with HPT and SAA levels ,and HPT was positively correlated with SAA level.Conclusion The levels of serum IL-6 ,HPT and SAA in patients with acute exacer- bation of COPD increased.The combined detection of the three had relatively high sensitivity and specificity , and the levels of IL-6 ,HPT and SAA were positively correlated.