ObjectiveThe clinical significance and the approcach of inserting the scope werestudied. Methods148 patients underwent the examination in our hospital through October 1993 to De-cember 1998. The scope was put into biliary system via common bile duct (CBD) in 108 cases, cystic duct in20 and the confluence of the two in 26.Results Extrahepatic stones were found in 103 cases with totalextirpation, while the intrahepatic ones were removed in only 10 out of 18 cases( rate of residual stone =37.5% ). Biopsies were taken in 17 cases with a detection of biliary cancer (n = 5), CBD malignancy (n =8) and inflammatory change (n = 4).ConclusionThe application of intraoperative cholangioscopy offersready reduction of residual stone and correct diagnosis with biopsy. The scope can be passed through cysticduct, CBD or their junction, depending on real conditions.

Objective To investigate and compare the effects of sustained inflation (SI) and pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) on lung recruitment in patients with ARDS, and on hemodynamics and respiratory mechanics of patients. Methods Ten patients with ARDS were included in this randomized clinical trial ( RCT), and SI (40 cmH20, 40s) and PCV (20 cmH20, 2 min) were successively applied to each patient under sedation, non-muscle relaxation state. There was a elution period between two types of recruitment maneuver (RM). Parameters of respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and hemodynamics were measured before RM (T0), 5 min after RM (T2) and one hour after RM (T3). Parameters of respiratory mechanics and hemodynamics were measured during the period of RM (Tl). Results (1) The PaO2 at T2 and T3 increased significantly in comparison with that at To ( P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in PaO2 between two types of RM (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in PaCO2 between two types of RM at each interval (P > 0.05). (2) The cardiac index ( CI) at T1 decreased significantly compared with that at To in two types of RM (P < 0.05), but there was difference in CI between two types of RM (P > 0.05). There were no differences in MAP and HR at these intervals (P > 0.05). (3) The functional residual capacity (FRC) at T2 and T3 increased significantly in comparison with that at To in two types of RM (P < 0.05). The static compliance (Cs) at T1 improved significantly (P < 0.05), but there was no difference in Cs between two types of RM ( P > 0.05). There was no difference in plateau pressure (Pplat) at all intervals (P >0.05). Conclusions The oxygenation, FRC, and Cs improve significantly in both SI-RM and PCV-RM, and the effects of two types of RM are similar. The SI-RM and PCV-RM have the similar impact on circulatory system during RM.

OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-lipid peroxidation action of Rosa davurica Pall. fruit. METHODS: The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) of the tissue homogenate of the liver, heart, kidney, brain and of the red blood cells induced by hydrogen peroxide in mice were measured. The contents of MDA and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of ischemic myocardium of mice were measured. RESULTS: 0.2 g/L Rosa davurica Pall. fruit could decrease significantly the contents of MDA of the all tissue (P < 0.05). Inhibition rate of 6.7 g/L Rosa davurica Pall. fruit on MDA of the red blood cells induced by hydrogen peroxide was 89.2%. Administration of this extraction successively for six days (ig, 2.0 g x kg(-1) x d(-1)) can significantly reduce the content of MDA (P < 0.01) and augment the activities of SOD and GHS-Px (P < 0.05) in the ischemic myocardium of mice. CONCLUSION: Rosa davurica Pall. fruit can significantly prevent the lipid peroxidation.

ObjectiveTo study the multidrug resistance (MDR) produced by lung resistance protein gene (LRP) in HCC, and the relationship between LRP and prognosis of HCC patients. Methods The expression of LRP encoding LRP and mRNA lrp was examined in the cancer tissue of 54 cases of previously untreated HCC, cancer adjacent liver tissue and liver biopsy of posthepatitic cirrhosis in 12 cases. The relationship between the expression of LRP and the change of AFP level in 24 posthepatectomy HCC cases was observed after receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in which the AFP had been positive. Results The positive rate of LRP and mRNA lrp was 61%, 33%, 17%, and 76%, 38%,33% respectively in three corresponding tissues, with significant difference between untreated HCC and two other tissues (CMH=4 27,6 71; P

The Human Milk Banking Association of North America(HMBANA) is a professional association for supporters of non-profit donor human milk banking.HMBANA develops guidelines for donor human milk banking practices.The construction of China's human milk bank has just begun in few areas in 2013.To further promote the development and implementation of donor human milk banking in our country,this review introduce the guideline for establishment and operation of a donor human milk bank which drafted by HMBANA in 2013.The guideline can provide the basis for the development of human milk bank in our country.

Red cell isoenzymes EsD and PGM and serum Hp are of genetic polymorphism which is inheritedsccording to the Law of Meqdelian Segregation. The distribution of their gene frequencies varies withraces. In this paper,the phenotype frequencies of the EsD,PGM and Hp have been investigated by theemthod of mixed starch/agarose gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis among fivenationalities in Inner Mongolia, namely Creqen, Ewenki, Dawuor, Northeast Mongolian and Buryat.The gene Oroqen,Ewenki,Dawuor,Northeast Mongolian and Buryat. The gene frequencies were alsocalculated. The phenotype frequencies of EsD,PGM and Hp are compared not only among the five nationalities but with those reported by other countries.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of multi-drug resistance bacterias(MDROs) isolated from hospitalized patients in the Second People′s Hospital of Longgang District,to provide strategies for the prevention of MDROs infection.Methods The MDROs data of hospitalized patients from January 2015 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.The multi-drug resistance incidence of each bacterias,each types of specimens and each clinical departments were analyzed and compared by SPSS16.0.Results A total of 104 strains of MDROs were isolated,and the top five bacteria were E.coli(32 strains,30.77%),coagulase negative staphylococcus(24 strains,23.08%),pseudomonas aeruginosa(16 strains,15.38%),staphylococcus aureus(10 strains,9.62%),kiebsiella pneumonia(10 strains,9.62%) respectively.There was significant difference in the multi-drug resistance incidence of each bacterias(χ2=20.62,P<0.05),the average incidence was 25.12%,and the top three incidence were E.coli(36.78%),pseudomonas aeruginosa(33.33%),coagulase negative staphylococcus(28.24%) respectively.There was significant difference in the multi-drug resistance positive rate of each types of specimens(χ2=43.68,P<0.05),the average positive rate was 5.84%,and the highest positive rate were wound secretion and pus(11.00%),followed by urine(8.25%).There was significant difference in the multi-drug resistance positive rate of each clinical departments(χ2=40.36,P<0.05),and the highest positive rate were in department of urinary surgery(12.63%),followed by department of gynaecology and obstetrics(11.16%).Conclusion E.coli coagulase negative staphylococcus and pseudomonas aeruginosa were mainly epidemic MDROs,and the MDROs are mainly distributed in urological surgery,obstetrics and gynecolog in this hospital.The occurrence of MDROs should be for the prevention and control strongly in the hospitalized patients with all kinds of trauma or diseases of urinary system and in the clinical department of urinary surgery,gynaecology and obstetrics.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the combinative intervention therapy and clinical curative effect, through used function magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to observe the change of detection data for patients with cerebral infarction pre and post-intervention therapy of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Methods: 40 patients with cerebral infarction were divided into control group (20cases, received normal treatment)and observation group (20cases, received combinative treatment of acupuncture and TCM). Pre and post therapy, the patients of every group received evaluation about state of illness and detection of fMRI. The score of national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) was used to evaluate the degree of neurologic impairment, and analyze the imaging manifestations of fMRI on patients with cerebral infarction at basal ganglia who received acupuncture combined with TCM. Some cerebral functional imaging techniques, included blood oxygenation level dependent( BOLD), fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), were used to grasp the changes of relevant functional region of brain and different brain regions connected with function region of patients with cerebral infarction before and after therapy. Results: The NIHSS score of observation group was significantly less than that of the control group (t=5.450, P<0.05), and the total efficiency of observation group (95%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (75%) (x2=4.329, P<0.05). And the differences of the activation frequency, activation volume, ADCavg values and the values of FA between the observation group and the control group were statistically significant (t=5.425, 2.760, 3.453, 5.513, P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine can efficiently improve the status of neurologic impairment for patients with cerebral infarction, and the clinical efficacy before and after treatment can preferably be observed by fMRI.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effects of feeding very low birth weight infants and extremely low birth weight infants with human donors' milk in China.Methods One hundred and ninety-nine very low birth weight infants and extremely low birth weight infants (VLBWI/ELBWI) admitted to NICU in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital were analyzed retrospectively (from August 1,2013 to July 31,2014) one year before and one year after the establishment of human donors' milk bank.Only 1 infant's parents(1/199 cases) refused to use donor milk,and 198 infants were fed with donors' milk since their own mothers' milk was unavailable.One hundred and forty-eight infants admitted to NICU from August 1,2012 to July 31,2013 were chosen as the control group,who were fed with formula milk since their own mothers' milk was unavailable.The mortality,incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and sepsis,time to full enteral feeding and hospital stay between 2 groups were analyzed.Results One year before the establishment of breast milk bank,there were 148 cases of very low or extremely low birth weight infants receiving mixed feeding,and 16 cases of them had neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,the incidence rate was 10.81％.Since the establishment of human milk bank,187 women donated breast milk in the first year and 260 555 mL of human milk were collected and delivered.Only 1 infant (1/199 cases) refused to use donor milk,and 198 infants were fed with donors' milk since their own mothers' milk was unavailable.Nine babies with VLBWI/ELBWI were diagnosed as NEC in donor milk feeding group,and 16 cases were diagnosed as NEC in formula-feeding group.The incidence rate of NEC was lower in the donor-milk-feeding group (4.52％ vs 10.81％,x2 =5.02,P ＜ 0.05).Donor-milk-feeding group reached full enteral feeding[(16.4 ± 5.3) d vs (18.2 ± 6.2) d,t =2.84,P ＜ 0.05] and had shorter period of hospital stay[(35.1 ± 9.5) d vs (37.3 ± 10.4) d,t =2.05,P ＜ 0.05] compared with formula feeding group.The mortality and incidence of sepsis had no difference between 2 groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Donors' breast milk is associated with a lower risk of NEC,sooner full enteral feeding and shorter hospital stay.Further research is needed to confirm these findings and measure the growth and long term neurodevelopment effects of donors' breast milk.

Objective To study the mechanism of acupuncture combined with herb decoction for brain occlusion. Methods one-side middle cerebral artery occlusion (McAo) rat by ehermoregulation was used as focal cerebral ischemia experimental animal. All animals were divided into four groups as model group, acupuncture group, herb decoction group, acupuncture combined with herb decoction group. And the dynamic changes of c-fos protein in ischemia region of brain tissue after treatment were observed. Results All of acupuncture group, herb decoction group and combining group could enhance the expression of c-fos protein in all stages of ischemia, and combining group was enhanced significantly. Conclusion Compared with herb decoction or acupuncture, the method of acupuncture combined with herb decoction could improved the stress ability of nerve cells of acute brain ischemia by enhance the content of c-fos protein significantly.