Objective To evaluate the anatomic morphology of submandibular fossa. Methods Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to analyze the anatomic morphology of submandibular fossa. Implants of various dimensions were virtually placed into the mandibular 1st and 2nd molar region. Spatial relationships among submandibular fossa , mandibular canal and implant were analyzed. Results The depth of the submandibular fossa was (1.0 ± 0.61)mm in the 1st molar region and (1.5 ± 0.61)mm in the 2nd molar region. There were no significant statistical difference in genders, sides, and tooth loss. The length of the implants was (19.7 ± 3.75)mm (d = 4 mm) and (18.6 ± 3.73)mm (d = 5 mm) in the 1st molar region and (16.2 ± 3.46) mm (d = 4 mm) and (15.2 ± 3.09)mm (d = 5 mm) in the 2nd molar region in patiens with teeth and lingual perforation; the length of the implants was (17.1 ± 3.77)mm (d = 4 mm) and (15.6 ± 3.85)mm (d = 5 mm), and (14.2 ± 4.05)mm (d = 4 mm) and (13.2 ± 4.27)mm (d = 5 mm) in patients with tooth loss, respectively. Conclusions Determination of spatial relationships among submandibular fossa , mandibular canal and implants by using CBCT has important significance in guiding dental implant surgery.

Objective To explore extracellular signal-regulated kinase ( ERK1/2 ) expression in the role of curcumin inhibited staurosporine (STS)-mediated neurons toxic injury through added PD098059, and to clarify ERK1/2 mediated inhibitory role of curcumin on STS-induced neurons toxic injury.Methods The neurons toxic injury model of primary cultured hippocampal neurons was established by STS.The experiment was divided into six groups:normal control group, STS model group, PD098059 +STS model group, curcumin +STS pretreatment group, curcumin+PD098059+STS treatment group and curcumin treatment group.The cell viability were determined by MTT method, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release rate, cell toxicity were detected, nuclear shape were observed by DAPI staining, and ERK1/2 expression were detected by Western blot method.Results The cell viability of curcumin +STS pretreatment group was significantly higher than STS model group ( P <0.001 ); the cell viability had no significant difference between PD098059 +STS model group and curcumin +PD098059 +STS treatment group;compared with curcumin +STS model group , the cell viability of curcumin +PD098059 +STS treatment group was significantly decreased ( P<0.001 ).LDH results showed that the nerve cell toxicity of curcumin +STS pretreatment group was obviously less than STS model group (P<0.001).The cell nuclear shape showed typical apoptosis morphological characteristics in STS model group, and curcumin inhibited the effect of STS mediated-neuronal apoptosis.ERK1/2 protein expression in curcumin +STS pretreatment group significantly increased compared with STS model group ( P <0.001 ) .Conclusion Curcumin inhibited STS-mediated neurons toxicity injury by up-regulating ERK1/2 expression.After PD098059 blocking the nerve cells ERK1/2 synthesis, the inhibitory action of curcumin failed to implemented, which illustrated that ERK1/2 mediated curcumin to inhibit STS-induced neuronal toxic injury.

Objective: To express vascular basement membrane-derived multiple peptide (VBMDMP) in Pichia pastoris and to identify its bioactivity. Methods: PCR technique was used to obtain the target fragment GST-VBMDMP, which was then cloned into pPIC9K vector. The resultant vector pPIC9K-GST-VBMDMP was transfected into Pichia pastoris cells with spheroplast and the positive recons was identified. The His + Muts transformant was shake-cultured in MGY at 30 ℃. The culture supernatant (1 ml) was collected for preservation at-70 ℃ every 24 hours while maintaining the concentration of methanol at 0.5% in the culture medium. SDS-PAGE analysis was used to detect the protein expression after 8 days and then animal and cell experiments were performed with GST-VBMDMP. Results: SDS-PAGE analysis found that protein express increased during 1-7 days and decreased after 8 days in MGY medium; GST-VBMDMP fused protein was obtained by Glutathione Sepharose 4B and it inhibited the artery endothelial cell tube structure formation in C57BL/6 mouse; GST-VBMDMP( 2, 6, 10 mg/kg)also significantly inhibited the primary cancer Lewis mouse (tumor inhibitor rates being 96.6%, 82.1%, and 61.2%, respectively)and metastatic lung tumors(tumor inhibitor rates being 96.8 %, 87.9 %, and 75.3%, respectively)(P

Objective: to select the optimal acupuncture therapeutic projects on cerebral infarction-related motor dysfunction of lower limbs. Methods: to optimize the combination projects on 4 factors and 3 levels affecting the acupuncture effect on cerebral infarction by using orthogonal design targeting on patients with cerebral infarction-related motor dysfunction of lower limbs, and Fugl-Meyer score of limb motor function was taken as indexes. Results: The relatively optimal Fugl-Meyer score of lower limb function can be obtained within 3-day duration of cerebral infarction. Conclusions: As far as the considered factors and levels are concerned, the previously mentioned project is the optimal acupuncture therapeutic project for cerebral infarction-related motor dysfunction of lower limbs.

Objective To study the expression and significance of multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) in children with refractory epilepsy (RE). Methods Children with RE (n = 30), non-RE (n = 30) and healthy children (n=30) were collected. The expression of MDR1-mRNA in peripheral blood was analyzed by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The relationship of MDRI-mRNA with epileptic frequency and numbers of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were observed. Results The expression of MDR1 in RE group obviously increased when compared with that of non-RE group and healthy group (P < 0.01, P < 0.01) ; MDR1 expression was more among patients with high frequent epilepsy than patients with low frequent epilepsy (P < 0.01) ; more in patients administered with four kinds of AEDs than those with two or three kinds of AEDs (P < 0.01). Concinsions MDR1 overexpression in blood of children with RE may be linked to drug-resistant mechanism of RE. It might be used as a clinical indicator of RE.

This study was aimed to identify and distinguish Metacordyceps liangshanensis recorded by the Sichuan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Standard from its adulterants and its relative species by combining ITS and COI barcode sequences in order to study the feasibility of this new method. After extracting DNA of 28 species of Cordyceps samples, DNA were amplified and sequenced. And then, ITS and COI sequences were received. Codon-Code Aligner V3.7.1 and Mega 5.0 were used to analyze the variable site and construct the N-J tree. The results showed that the minimum ITS inter-specific K-2P distance was relatively higher than the maximum intra-specific K-2P distance. The inter-specific sequence divergence between M. liangshanensis and its adulterants exhibited high while intra-specific sequence divergence exhibited low. And COI one was the same case. N-J tree of both ITS and COI indicated that same genus belonged together and each species belonged to relatively independent branch. It was concluded that based on the ITS and COI gene, the technology of DNA barcode can be an excellent identification of M. liangshanensis, its adulterants and its relative species. It provided technical support for the further research on species molecular identification and phylogenetics of Cordyceps .

Objective: To examine independent food purchasing behavior and influence factors among primary and secondary school students, and to provide evidence for formulating and implementing corresponding intervention measures. Methods: Using a two stage stratified random cluster sampling principle, 976 primary and secondary school students in Haidian District of Beijing were selected to participate in a questionnaire survey from March to May 2021, and students independent food purchases and associated factors were considered. Results: The proportion of middle school students who often purchased food independently (22.79%) was higher than that of primary school students(16.77%)( χ 2=5.58， P <0.05). The proportion of middle school students and primary school students who sometimes purchased food independently was 66.32% and 60.33%, respectively( χ 2=3.78， P >0.05). The proportion of middle school students who never purchased food independently (10.88%) was lower than that of primary school students(22.90%)( χ 2=25.10， P <0.05). The proportion of middle school students and primary school students who often purchased food with their parents was 30.80% and 32.52%, respectively( χ 2=0.33， P >0.05). The factors that primary and secondary school students often considered when purchasing food included personal factors (e.g., physical and psychological factors), family factors, social factors, and the food itself. The top five factors that middle school students often considered when purchasing food were taste, hygiene, production date, student s mood, and advertisement. The top five factors that primary school students often considered when purchasing food were hygiene, taste, production date, advertising, and quality. The proportion of students with consideration of nutritional value, calorie level and collocation type, as well as other nutritional factors, when purchasing food was low, no significant differences were observed between primary and middle school students( χ 2=3.25，2.93，3.06， P >0.05). Conclusion Independent food purchasing behavior is prevalent among primary and secondary school students. Nutritional awareness among middle and primary school students is low. Effective and comprehensive nutrition interventions should be actively carried out for primary and secondary school students, while considering multiple dimensions such as schools, families and society, so as to encourage students to adopt a healthy diet.

Objective To observe the human papillomavirus(HPV) prevalence and its distribution character among females in Changzhou and to provide epidemiological data for the prevention of cervical cancer and development of HPV vaccine .Methods The clinical material consisted of 32215 women ,who were from Changzhou Hospital T .C .M ,Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care ,The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou and Changzhou Wujin Hospital from January 2014 to June 2016 .17 kinds of high-risk subtypes (HPV16 ,18 ,31 ,33 ,35 ,39 ,,45 ,51 ,52 ,53 ,56 ,58 ,59 ,66 ,68 ,73 ,82) and 6 kinds of low-risk subtypes (HPV6 ,11 ,42 ,43 ,81 ,83) were detected .All cases were divided into six groups according to the age (<20 ;>21 to 30;31 to 40 ;41 to 50 ;51 to 60 ;and>61) and the age distribution of women infected with HPV and genotypes of HPV were analyzed .Results Out of 32215 cervical cell specimens ,8396 cases were detected HPV infections with the position rate of 26 .06% .In seventeen types of high-risk HPV ,HPV 16 (4 .55% ) were the most common subtype ,followed by 52 (4 .43% ) ,58 (2 .75% ) ,53 (2 .42% ) ,51 (2 .16% ) ,68 (1 .85% ) ,56 (1 .73% ) ,33 (1 .40% ) ,18 (1 .38% ) ,66 (1 .33% ) ,59 (1 .26% ) ,39 (1 .08% ) ,31 (1 .02% ) ,35 (0 .89% ) ,45 (0 .42% ) ,73 (0 .26% ) ,and 82 (0 .15% ) .Six types of low-risk HPV were detected ,of which HPV 81 (2 .96% ) was the most common subtypes ,followed by 43 (1 .86% ) ,42 (1 .62% ) ,6 (1 .27% ) ,11 (0 .80% ) and 83 (0 .26% ) .Conclusion The predominant genotypes of HPV 16 and ,52 infection in female reproductive tract are the highest .

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of bifidobacterium tetragenous viable bacteria tablets (BTVBT) in blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo parallel comparison, multicentre clinical research.The subjects were T2DM patients who were using anti-hyperglycemic drugs.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to 1∶1 ratio.The subjects accepted the therapy of BTVBT or placebo by oral administration (3 tablets, tid) for eight weeks, followed up for 4 weeks, during which the basic treatment maintained unchanged.The primary outcomes: the changes of glycosylate hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from baseline.Results Totally 234 subjects (116 cases in observation group and 118 cases in control group) from 7 centers were included in the study.The baseline characteristics were comparable between these two groups.The HbA1c was (8.00±1.08)％ and (7.99±1.03)％ in observation group and control group, respectively, at baseline, and was (7.28±1.28)％ and (7.36±1.02)％ after 12 weeks of treatment [(-0.66±1.38)％ vs.(-0.64±1.14)％,P=0.914 5].The secondary outcomes were as follows: the fasting blood glucose (FBG) in the observation group were (7.91±1.87)mmol/L and (8.05±2.33)mmol/L at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment;while in the control group, the FBG were (8.51±1.68)mmol/L and (8.00±2.02)mmol/L, and comparisons between two groups showed no significant change (P>0.05).The glycated albumin in the observation group and control group were (21.38±5.74)％ and (21.93±6.51)％ at baseline;after 4 weeks of treatment, they were (20.08±6.05)％ and (20.58±7.30)％ (the changes from baseline in these two groups were (-1.19±4.37)％ and (-1.20±5.08)％];after 8 weeks of treatment, they were (19.07±5.56)％ and (20.83±8.74)％ [the changes from baseline were (-2.09±4.51)％ and (-0.98±6.85)％];after 12 weeks of treatment, they were (19.03±5.19)％ and (19.36±6.14)％ [the changes from baseline were (-2.18±4.60)％ and (-2.47±5.20)％], there were no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).The subgroup analysis showed that in those patients with the characteristics including body mass index (BMI)≥25 kg/m2 at baseline, the duration of diabetes mellitus longer than 8 years, fasting blood glucose less than 8 mmol/L and using insulin at baseline, the changes of HbA1c from baseline to the end of 12 weeks therapy in the observation group were more than in the control group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of safety profiles, including the vital signs and laboratory findings (blood cell counts, liver function, and kidney function, all P>0.05).Conclusion Administration of BTVBT in T2DM patients for 12 weeks does not remarkably improve the HbA1c.

Objective To explore the effects of surgery treatment on the diagnostic delay of Crohn's dis-ease(CD)in early stage. Methods The effects of surgical operation on diagnostic delay of early stage CD were an-alyzed,and the risk factors that in high surgical rate on early diagnosis were evaluated by comparing the surgical cases with non-surgical cases before the diagnosis of CD.Results The ratio of male and female in the total 215 pa-tients with CD was 1.7 to 1.There were 114 cases with complications including 75 cases with surgery before diagno-sis,39 cases with non-surgical complications and 101 cases with no complications.The age of onset and age of di-agnosis in the three groups were significantly different(P < 0.05),and there was no significant difference in the time of diagnosis(P > 0.05). The most common complications were perianal lesion(p,abscesses and/or fistula) (49.1%),intestinal obstruction(23.7%),and the diseases of appendix(12.3%).The most common causes of pre-operative diagnosis were perianal lesion(38.7%),the lesion of appendix(17.3%),intestinal obstruction(16.0%) and the abdominal surgery(10.5%)whereas intestinal perforation is most easily recognized by histopathology. The rate of male surgery was high whereas the incidence of female complications was low. All three groups of lesions were found to be in ileocolon(L3)in which the operation group with pure small intestine was significantly higher than that in the group with no complications and in the group with non-surgical complications(P<0.05).Also the proportion of diseases behaving stricturing(B2)+penetrating(B3)was 60%,but the complication group behaving inflammatory(B1)+B2 was 87.2%,the group with no complications behaving B1 reached 68.3%.and The compli-cation group behaving P was 61.5% which was higher than the operation group(44.0%).There was a significant dif-ference between the three groups(P<0.001).Conclusions Diagnostic delay of CD on the early was significantly associated with surgery operation. Male,age 17~40,lesion site L3 or intestinal-type,disease behaving B2 and B3,were the high risk factors for preoperative surgery;while women,aged 17-40,with or without chronic compli-cations,were more likely to obtain early diagnosis,less surgical risk,and relatively good prognosis.Perianal lesion were early characteristic expressions of CD and could be used as an regularization indicator for screening.The sec-ond was the recurrent intestinal obstruction.most of the stomach resection and the repeated diarrhea after gallblad-der should be awared of CD.