OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for the determination of in vitro drug release of Baicalin liposomes.METHODS:The separation was performed on a C18 column(150mm?4.6mm,5?m)at 25℃;the mobile phase was composed of methanol-water-phosohoric acid(47∶53∶0.2)at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min-1.The ultraviolet wavelength was set at 280nm and the sample size was 10?L.RESULTS:The calibration curve showed good linearity in the range of 1.01～80.80?g?mL-1(r=0.999 8)and the average recovery rate was 100.05%(RSD=0.93%).CONCLUSION:The method is sensitive,simple and accurate,and applicable for the study of in vitro drug release of Baicalin liposomes.

After the concept of damage control resuscitation is introduced, in the most severely injured casualties, when the lethal triad of hypothennia, acidosis, and coagulopathy are present, resuscitation prac-tice for damage control usually focuses on rapid reversal of acidosis and prevention of hypothermia, while di-rect treatment of eoagulopathy has been relatively neglected. Recent studies have brought back to light the importance of treating the coagulopathy of trauma at an earlier stage. This review focused on the importance and the right time of treating this disorder, analyzed the methods of addressing the early coagalopathy in damage control resuscitation and gave some advices.

To investigate the common mutation patterns of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer(HNPCC) genes.MethodsUsing PCR-agarose electrophoresis and PCR-SSCP to screen the hMSH2, hMLH1 genes mutation of 9 HNPCC patients and 4 family members. ResultsAbnormal shifting of PCR productions was identified in 7 patients and 2 HNPCC family members out of 9 different families. ConclusionPCR-agarose and PCR-SSCP are simple, rapid , sensitive, economic and specific methods that can be used to detect HNPCC gene hMSH2, hMLH1 mutations.

A cochlear implant (CI) is a kind of surgically implanted electronic device that provides a sense of sound to a person who has severe to profound sensorineural hearing impairment. However, studies have shown that the performance in music perception for CI users has not been achieved to an ideal level. It is important to evaluate the ability to perceive music using well designed music perception test materials, in order to improve the quality of life for cochlear implant users. This paper reviewed the studies on assessing music perception ability for adult cochlear implant users from the existing literature.
Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Humans ; Music ; Pitch Perception

Audiology ; methods ; Hearing Tests ; methods ; Humans ; Time Factors

Objective To investigate the changes of waist muscle density and area in the subjects with spiral CT scan examination,and through the quantitative analysis of different age and gender to get the degree of lumbar muscle degeneration.Methods 240 cases of lumbar CT scan reconstruction images (including the patients suffering from low back pain)were collected.According to the age,20 - 29 years old group,30 - 39 years old group,40 -49 years old group,50-59 years old group,60-69 years old group,and 70-79 years old group were set up.The lumbar transverse psoas muscle,lumbar side muscle,erector spinae cross-sectional areas (CSA)and mean CT values were measured at different levels.Scanning equipment:Toshiba Activion 16-slice spiral CT scanners, acquisition range from the waist 1 to S1.Results ①Compared between the measurement results of the same age groups (except 70-79 years old group),the average CSA of the male at the same level waist was higher than the female (P <0.05).②Compared between the same level groups of 20-29 years,30-39 years and 40-49 years, there were no significant differences (P >0.05).Compared between the same level groups of 50-59 years,60-69 years and 70-79 years,there was no significant difference (P >0.05).③Compared the CSA of man’s erector spinae muscle between 40-49 years group and 50-59 years group,there were significant differences (P <0.05).④Compared the same level CSA of female between 20-29 years,30-39 years,40-49 years,50-59 years,60-69 years,70-79 years groups,and the adjacent groups,there were no significant differences (P >0.05).⑤The same level average density of erector spinae muscle was lowest compared with the psoas major muscle and quadratus lumborum muscle,and falling faster,the psoas major muscle was relatively higher.The same level average density of female’s erector spinae muscle was lower than man’s,specially in 70-79 years group.Conclusion Multi-slice spiral CT can be used to diagnose the lumbar degenerative conditions.

[Objective]To investigate the protective effects of calcitonin on articular cartilage and subchondral bone in experimental osteoarthritis induced by ACLT(anterior cruciate ligament transection) of rats. [Methods]Thirty 12-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into three groups: Sham(n=10),ACLT+CT(n=10) and ACLT+NS(n=10).ACLT+CT group received a daily subcutaneous injection of salmon calcitonin at a dose of 10 IU.kg-1.d-1 for 12 weeks,ACLT+NS group received NS at the same dose.All rats were sacrificed at 12 weeks after operation.The macro-pathological changes of Samples were graded by Mankin's scale.Bone mineral density(BMD) of right distal femoras and femora condyles were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner.The decalcified right femora condyles were prepared for paraffin sections,stained with safranin-O/fast green and immunohistochemistry for MMP-13.The right proximal tibias were harvested to make undecalcified bone section for detecting the bone histomorphometry of subchondral bone.[Results](1) The Mankin score of the Sham and ACLT+CT groups were significantly lower than that of ACLT+NS group.(2) The BMD and bone mass(BV/TV,Tb.Th) of the subchondral bone in ACLT+NS were significantly higher than those of Sham and ACLT+CT groups.(3)In ACLT+ NS group,expression level of MMP-13 was significantly lower than those of Sham and ACLT+ CT groups.[Conclusion]A daily subcutaneous injection of salmon calcitonin at a dose of 10 IU.kg-1.d-1 of body weight for 12 weeks can inhibit articular cartilage degeneration of rat osteoarthritic joints,inhibitiing sclerosis of and improving the microarchitecture of subchondral bone,coupled with downregulation of MMP-13 in cartilage probably participate in this process.

Objective To establish musculoskeletal model and finite element model of kidney and blood stasis type knee osteoarthritis (KOA),and to analyze the cartilage stress characteristics of kidney and blood stasis type KOA.Methods Data from knee CT,MRI of kidney and blood stasis type KOA volunteers was used to construct musculoskeletal model and finite element model based on AnyBody and ANSYS software.Surface electromyogram (sEMG) verification and mutual verification were conducted.KOA bone stress and strain parameters were observed at the moving angles of 0°,-40°,-90°,-180° of the KOA musculoskeletal model,in order to explore the cartilage stress characteristics.Results When the positions of kidney and blood stasis type KOA patients varied from standing to squatting,the knee cartilage surface stress revealed a nonlinear increasing trend.Kidney and blood stasis KOA patient's knee cartilage stress near the distal end was significant different from that of normal subjects (P＜0.05),while the KOA patient's knee cartilage stress near the distal end and proximal front side had no significant differences with that of normal subjects (P＞0.05).Conclusions For kidney and blood stasis type of patients with KOA,cartilage surface stress displays a nonlinear increasing trend along with the stress concentration at the motion cartilage surface,which is consistent with the clinical features.

After the status quo of ESI-covered pharmacology, toxicology and clinical medicine in domestic universities of traditional Chinese medicine was described, the papers and highly-cited papers published by these universities, total citations, citations of each paper were ranked and compared.The related problems and development tendency of different subjects were analyzed with suggestions put forward for the construction of first class subjects in domestic colleges and universities of traditional Chinese medicine.

Artemisinin is the antimalarial active ingredient, which is discovered by Chinese scientists in 1970s. The chemical structure of artemisinin is modified or altered to obtain a series of analogues to satisfy the medication requirements. According to the physicochemical properties of medicines and actual clinical necessities, the preparations of artemisinins are developed and the common preparations include tablet, suppository, injection, etc.. With the developing of technology, researchers have conducted a large number of studies on the artemisinins nanoparticles injection, transdermal drug delivery systems, mucosal drug delivery systems and etc. This article systematically collected and discussed the recent studies on the antimalarial preparations of artemisinins in line with different administration routes.