Objective: To investigate the association between phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene polymorphisms with the efficacy of risperidone and extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in patients with schizophrenia, so as to provide insights into pharmacogenomic studies and individualized treatment of schizophrenia. Methods: The patients with schizophrenia in Shanghai Mental Health Center from 2019 to 2021 were selected using the consecutive enrollment method. Risperidone (4-8 mg/d) was used to treat for 8 weeks. The symptoms were investigated using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), the treatment efficacy was evaluated using PANSS reducing rate before and after treatment, and EPS was evaluated using the Simpson-Angus Scale. Blood samples were drawn for DNA extraction at the time of patients enrollment and at the end of treatment. Five tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PTEN gene were genotyped using the SNaPshot method. The association of PTEN genotypes with risperidone efficacy and EPS were using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 144 cases of patients with schizophrenia were enrolled, including 85 males (59.03%) and 59 females (40.97%). The median age was 30.50 (interquartile range, 17.00) years. The median course of disease was 5.50 (interquartile range, 9.00) years. The median dose of risperidone was 4.00 (interquartile range, 0) mg/d. There were 60 cases effectively treated with risperidone (41.96%), and 30 cases with EPS (20.83%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that none of the five SNP genotypes of PTEN was statistically associated with the efficacy of risperidone (all P>0.05), while the GT+TT genotype of rs17107001 was associated with a decreased risk of EPS (OR=0.110, 95%CI: 0.001-0.886). Conclusion The GT+TT genotype of the PTEN gene rs17107001 in patients with schizophrenia might be negatively associated with risperidone treatment-induced EPS.

Objective To investigate the status quo of psychological capital and compassion fatigue in operating room nurses and to analyze the correlation between them.Method One hundred and ninety nurses from an operating room of four First-Class Grade A general hospitals in Beijing were engaged in the investigation by psychological capital questionnaire and compassion fatigue scales.Results The total score on psychological capital was (78.60±8.72) and the total score on compassion fatigue was (111.53 ±9.88).The mental capital was negatively correlated with compassion fatigue (P ＜0.05).Conclusions The psychological capital of the nurses in the operating room is at the middle level and the sympathetic fatigue is at a high level.The higher the psychological capital,the lower the sympathetic fatigue.Nursing administrators can improve the psychological capital of the nurses in the operating room to reduce their sympathy and fatigue so as to improve the level of mental health of nurses in the operating room.

Objective To explore the application of cardiac operation under direct vision through Lower median ministernotomy,and to search the new methods to improve the orthodox cardiac operation under direct vision.Methods The method of the cardiac operation under direct vision through lower median ministernotomy was used to 296 cases with heart disease who needed cardiac surgery,including 250 cases with congenital heart disease,40 cases with rheumatic heart disease,5 cases with left atrial myxom and 1 case with coronary heart disease.Results All cases performed the cardiac operation under direct vision through lower Median ministernotomy successfully without death and any residual.Conclusion The cardiac operation under direct vision through lower median ministernotomy can be used in majority cardiac operation under direct vision,it has well surgical and cosmetic result,but cannot be used in treating some patients with complex cardiac deformity or large heart.

Objective To explore the association between the polymorphisms of TSC1,TSC2,PTEN genes and autism in Chinese Han population.Methods 274 autism patients and 386 heahh controls were recruited,and SnaPshot technique was used to genotype the 13 tagSNPs of TSC1,TSC2 and PTEN genes.The allele,genotype and haplotype frequencies of the SNPs were compared using SHEsis and SNPStats softwares.Results Mter Bonferroni correction,the allele distribution of rs2809244 (TSC1) (x2 =9.537,P=0.002,adjusted P=0.016),rs1050700 (TSC1) (x2 =9.313,P=0.002,adjusted P=0.016),rs2072314(TSC2) (P＜0.01,adjusted P＜0.01) and rs8063461 (TSC2) (P＜0.01,adjusted P＜0.01)showed significant difference between two groups (P＜0.05).The genotype frequencies of rs2072314(TSC2)and rs8063461(TSC2) showed significant difference between two groups(P＜0.05).Moreover,the frequency of haplotype A-G (OR =14.548,95％ CI =5.450-38.830) in the haplotype block rs2809244-rs3761840 showed significant difference between two groups(P＜0.05),A-G significantly increases the risk of autism.The frequencies of haplotype A-A (OR=0.608,95％ CI =0.409-0.903,P=0.013),G-A (OR=7.812,95％ CI =5.338-11.459,P＜0.01)and G-G (OR=0.356,95％ CI =0.274-0.463,P＜0.01) in the haplotype block rs2074969-rs8063461 were identified,which were significant difference between two groups(P＜0.05),and AA and G-G significantly reduced but G-A increased the risk of autism.Conclusion The polymorphisms of TSC1 and TSC2 genes might associate with autism in Chinese Han population.

Objective To investigate the expression of neurokinin 1 receptor (NK 1R) in the biopsy specimens of colonic mucosa in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The relation between the expression of NK 1R and clinical severity of UC was also evaluated. Methods UC tissues were obtained from 38 patients (23 males and 15 females) undergoing colonoscopy. Normal human colon tissues were obtained from 15 irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients (8 males and 7 females). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the expression of NK 1R. Results NK 1R mRNA expression level was enhanced in mucosae of UC compared with that of IBS. The overexpression of NK 1R was related to the severity of UC. Western blot analysis revealed that the overexpression of NK 1R protein level existed in UC. Immunohistochemistry showed moderate to strong NK 1R immunoreactivity which was localized in mononuclear cells and lymphoid follicles of lamina propria and in the crypt surface, epithelium, lymphoid follicles, submucosal arterioles and myenteric plexus neurones in the colonic mucosa of UC. Conclusions In patients with UC, the overexpression of NK 1R may be involved in the pathophysiological change in the disease and may contribute to the disruption of neuropeptide loop balance and deterioration of clinical condition.

Objective:To investigate the nurse′s knowledge, attitude and practice of sarcopenia and to analyze the related factors.Methods:From November 10th to 22nd in 2020, self-designed questionnaires were used to survey the knowledge, attitude and practice of 1 056 nurses from 139 hospitals in 19 provinces, autonomous regions of China. Multiple stepwise linear regression was used to analyze the main influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and behavior of nurses with sarcopenia.Results:The average knowledge score was (24.25 ± 7.38) points, the attitude score was 63(55, 65) points, the behavioral score was (31.25 ± 13.28) points. Multiple stepwise linear regression results showed that the educational background and professional title of nurses were the maininfluence factors of knowledge score ( t=4.97, 3.35, P<0.05). The nurse′s knowledge score and whether they were teaching nurses or not were the main factors influencing attitude score ( t=9.12, -3.10, P<0.05). Attitude score, working years, and whether a nurse specialist were the main factors influencing behavior score ( t=9.82, 0.77, -5.29, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The nurse′s attitude toward preventing sarcopenia was positive, but their knowledge level was poor, the behavior intervention was insufficient. Nursing managers should carry out training of sarcopenia actively, to improve the screening, evaluation and early intervention ability of nurses for sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia is a low-cognition, high-incidence syndrome in the aged, which seriously affects the health and quality of life of the aged. This article reviews the low-cognition status and common assessment tools of sarcopenia, aiming at improving the cognition of the public and medical staff, and providing a reference for the evaluation of sarcopenia.