The urine formed elements staining is of importance for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of urine system diseases. In this article, we describe several kinds of improved staining techniques, such as cytochemistry staining, fluorescent staining and textile dye staining. The prospect of urine formed elements staining technology is also described.

There are not yet uniform for the recognition and morphological description of Russell bodies and Mott cells.Some difficulties for the learner in clinical diagnosis were encountered.The characteristics of name and morphology of Russell bodies and Mott cells were described in this paper combined with many years of experience in clinical practice according to new point of view of (2008) World Health Organization classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues and European Leukemia Net Morphology Faculty.

Based on the current situation of cell morphology of Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) and the reasons for missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of CHS,the microscopic examination on peripheral blood smear should be emphasized. Some suggestions was proposed for improving staff′s understanding of CHS,unifying the standard of morphological diagnosis of CHS and performing further researches.

Objective To learn surgical nurses about their critical thinking ability and learning ability in order for nursing administrators to provide theoretical basis for improvement of critical thinking and self-learning ability of surgical nurses. Methods We investigated 200 nurses of three hospitals in surgery by California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory(CCTDI) and Scale of Self-directed Learning Competence. Results Surgical nurse' critical thinking score was (282.41±19.87), and has a positive critical thinking; self-learning ability score was (131.65±10.29), the overall scores was at higher levels. Conclusions Care managers should pay attention to the surgical nurse' critical thinking skills and independent learning abilities and improve their quality of nursing staff.

Objective To explore the related risk factors for neuropathic pain in diabetic rats.Methods Female Wistar rats of clean grade were divided into three groups :Non diabetic standard diet (NdStd) group (n=10) ,diabetic high fat diet and pain (DbHFP) group (n=10) ,and diabetic high fat diet and no pain (DbHFNP) group (n=10).Body weight ,blood glucose ,TG ,TC ,HDL‐C ,LDL‐C and 50%pain threshold were measured regularly to assess the relationship between blood lipids and pain. Results Non‐conditional logistic regression analysis showed that pain threshold was negatively correlated with TG , LDL‐C and blood glucose(P<0.05) ,and positively correlated with HDL‐C (P<0.05). And there was no association between TC and body weight (P> 0.05). Conclusion Pain threshold of diabetic rats was negatively correlated with TG ,LDL‐C and blood glucose ,and positively correlated with HDL‐C.

Objective To observe the effect of electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback on lower limbs motor function in stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods 60 stroke patients with hemiplegia were divided into treatment group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Both groups accepted exercise therapy, and the treatment group accpted EMG biofeedback in addition. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Barthel Index (BI) before and 4 weeks after treatment. Results There was no significant difference between 2 groups in the scores of FMA, BBS and BI before treatments (P>0.05). All the scores significantly improved after treatments in both groups (P<0.05), and improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Electromyographic biofeedback can further improve lower limbs motor function, balance and activities of daily living of stroke patients with hemiplegia.

Objective To study the efficacy of movement imagination combined with biofeedback for stroke patients with upper extremity dysfunction. MethodsEighty stroke survivors were recruited and randomly divided into a movement imagination group ( n =40) and a movement imagination combined with biofeedback group ( n =40).Their EMG mean values during wrist dorsiflexion were amplified and calculated.Fugl-Meyer upper extremity function scores (FMAs) and the modified Barthl index (MBI) were recorded before and after 6 weeks of treatment.ResultsAfter 6 weeks of treatment the two groups had significantly higher mean EMG values,FMA scores and MBI scores,but the effects in the combination group were significantly better than those in the simple movement imagination group. ConclusionMovement imagination can be made more effective by combining it with biofeedback for promoting the recovery of stroke patients with upper extremity dysfunction.

Objective To establish a rapid and specific method for identifying megkaryocytes under the light microscope and to provide a new method and new idea for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of blood diseases.Methods Unfixed smears of blood or born marrow were exposed firstly to an alcoholic solution of Basic Royol Blue for 5 min.Next, an equal amount neutral HEPES buffered solution of the same dye was added to the first stain solution.The two solutions were mixed by adding the second stain.After 10 min, the smears were washed for 2 min with flooding water and drained dry.Meanwhile, the stain was compared with traditional histochemistic stains and flow cytophotometer.Results Megakaryocytes showed purple red cytoplasm and bright blue nuclei.Platelet displayed purple red. Other blood cells(such as granulocytes、monocytes、lymphocytes、plasmacytes and ucleated erythrocytes) had no such stainning character. Compared with traditional histochemistic stains and flow cytophotometer, the stain of two steps by using Basic Royole Blue for megkaroblasts、promegkaryocytes and megkarocytes was credible and distinctive.Conclusion Basic Royol Blue for megkaryocytes stain was worth to contribute to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of blood diseases.This technique can be used in clinical laboratory.

Objective To explore the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and its potential molecular targets.Methods Gene microarray data about JIA was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) in NCBI.Different expressed genes were identified through bioconductor packages in R programing.The causal genes from the different expressed genes were optimized and replenished by GLAD4U and ToppGene.Functional annotation information of causal genes was carried out by DAVID.Results List of causal genes was obtained as well as their enriched function.Some potential pathways such as Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction,Jak-STAT signaling pathway,which may be important in the progression of JIA were screened.Conclusions The pathogenesis of JIA,as well as its potential causal genes,can be captured through bioinformatics methods,so it may be used as time and cost saving method in experimental study and clinical application.

Objective To explore the effect of age on the fracture healing through bioinformatical analysis of gene ex?pression data in GEO, and to screen critical molecular targets and pathways involved in this process. Methods Through R programming language, we identified different expressed genes between 26/52 week old rats and 6 week old rats in every time points of the experiment (No fracture;3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks after fracture). By comparison of these different expressed genes, those genes that may contribute to fracture healing were identified. Function annotation was conducted based on DAVID database and PPI network that was constructed via STRING database. Results Compared with 6 week old rat, 52 week old rat show more different genes at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after fracture as well as more than intact rats. At the time point of 6 weeks after fracture, 26 week old rat present 4 different genes while 52 week old rat present 99 differ?ent genes compared with 6 week old rat. We totally found 99 genes that might play important roles in the process of fracture healing. These genes involved in biological process related to bone healing, immune, inflammatory and etc. Also, two screened gene enriched KEGG pathways were identified: ECM-receptor interaction and Arachidonic acid metabolism. Through the analysis of PPI network, Pcna, Fn1, Casp3 and etc, who present high density connectivity in PPI network, were screened out. Conclusion Pcna, Casp3 and Fn1 and etc might play important roles in fracture healing through affecting ECM-receptor interaction and Arachidonic acid metabolism.