OBJECTIVE:To study the percutaneous permeability of methoxypsoralen liposomal gel METHODS:The preparations were applied on the rat skin in vitro and in vivo with common gel and Mingbailing tincture as control,and the drug concentrations in the receiver,skin,blood and other organs were determined by RP-HPLC RESULTS:In vitro experiment,liposomal gel showed the lowest percutaneous permeation rate and the highest retention in skin In vivo studies illuminated that the skin depositions of drug encapsulated in liposome was(4 37?0 91) and (3 36?0 58) times those of the common gel and tincture respectively CONCLUSION:Methoxypsoralen liposomal gel showed an evident targeting effect on skin

OBJECTIVE:To measure the concentrations of levofloxacin in aqueous humor after a single eye dripping of drug and calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters.METHODS:32 rabbits were divided into 8 groups.The rabbit eyeballs were enucleated to make a collection of aqueous humor at 0.125,0.25,0.5,0.75,1.0,2.0,3.0 and 4.0 hours after dripping.All measurements were performed with HPLC.RESULTS:In aqueous humor,Tmax:0.940h,Cmax:0.592?g/ml,T1/2(Ka):0.479h,T1/2 (Ke)0.919h.By using 3p87 pharmacokinetic program,the concentration-time curves were fitted as one-compartment op_en model.CONCLUSION:All the concentrations of levofloxacin at different times after dripping in aqueous humor exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration for 90%(MIC90)of most bacterial pathogens.These results show that levofloxacin lactate eye-drops may be an effective antimicrobial agent for the treatment and prevention of intraocular infections as well as other ocular infections.

OBJECTIVE:To develop a preparation and quality control method for sinomenine gel.METHODS:Sinomenine gel was prepared with carpol971as base.TLC and UV were employed for identification of sinomenine.Sinomenine was deter?mined by RP-HPLC.RESULTS:The TLC identification was highly specific and the spots were clear.Recovery was99.6%?1.3%.CONCLUSION:This paper provides a rapid,convenient and accurate method which is suitable for preparation and quality control for sinomenine gel.

Objective To understand the moving patterns of Oncomelania snails, intermediate host of S.japonicum, in the water bodies. . Methods. Based on the biological features of the snails, methods and techniques in relation to hydraulics and silt engineering were adopted to investigate the active scrawl ability and passive movement of the snails. . Results and Conclusion . The scrawl speed of the snails themselves was very low, 2.^45 mm per minute only. The active movement in the water current was therefore almost negligible. The major moving patterns of the snails in rivers and canals were that: 1. Snails adsorbed on different kinds of carriers drifted on the water. 2. Snails suspended on the water and drifted with the current, these were the young snails under 7 weeks of age. Adult snail showed a strong ability of adhesion, 12 times higher than its body weight.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bandages ; Clavicle ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Supine Position ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the anatomical features of supratrochlear artery which is related to the blood supply of paramedian frontal flap in nasal reconstruction.

METHODS10 adult head specimens (20 sides) were used for observation of the course, layer and anastomosis of the supratrochlear artery. The horizontal line of supraorbital rim and the frontal middle line were used as X and Y axis to locate the position of supratrochlear artery.

RESULTSSupratrochlear artery is directed medially and upward after it gets out from orbit. Some arteries (9/20) have one sharp bend at the beginning. The frontal muscle penetration point of the artery is (15.2 +/- 2.6) mm above the X axis and (12. 1 +/- 1 .4) nun lateral to the Y axis. The artery goes subcutaneously after muscle penetration point. It goes more superficially and is anastomosed to the supraorbital artery and frontal branches of the superficial temporal artery at the same side, and also the contra-lateral supratrochlear artery.

CONCLUSIONThe pedicle of the paramedian frontal flap should not be too narrow. The dissection of the pedicle should not be too near to the artery, so as to protect the bend at the beginning. The flap elevation must be performed beneath the frontal muscle, when it is 2-3 cm above the supraorbital rim.

Adult ; Female ; Forehead ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmic Artery ; anatomy & histology ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Temporal Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of central venous pressure (CVP), global end diastolic volume index (GEDI) and extravascular lung water index (ELWI) monitoring in patients with septic shock during fluid resuscitation by pulse induced continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) test.

METHODSForty-six patients with severe sepsis and septic shock were enrolled in this study. Hemodynamic monitoring was performed during fluid resuscitation and the data including CVP, GEDI and ELWI were collected to analyze their relationship and the clinical values.

RESULTSIn patients with septic shock, CVP showed a weak linear correlation with GEDI during fluid resuscitation (r=0.137, P=0.009). In the subgroups stratified with CVP cut-off values of 8 mmHg and 12 mmHg, the correlation coefficient between CVP and GEDI was 0.149 (P=0.029) in CVP<8 mmHg group, 0.075 (P=0.462) in 8 mmHg ≤ CVP ≤ 12 mmHg group, and 0.049 (P=0.726) in CVP>12 mmHg group. In the total of 367 data groups obtained, CVP showed no linear correlation with ELWI (r=0.040, P=0.445). In the CVP subgroups, CVP and ELWI were weakly correlated in CVP<8 mmHg group (r=0.221, P=0.001), but they showed no correlations in 8 mmH g≤ CVP ≤ 12 mmHg and CVP>12 mmHg groups (r=-0.047, P=0.646; r=0.042, P=0.765).

CONCLUSIONThere is no significant linear correlation between CVP and GEDI or between CVP and ELWI in patients with septic shock. CVP can not reflect the circulatory blood volume or the degree of pulmonary edema.

Blood Volume ; Cardiac Output ; Central Venous Pressure ; Extravascular Lung Water ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans ; Pulmonary Edema ; Resuscitation ; Shock, Septic ; therapy

Acupuncture regulating gastrointestinal motility has the characteristics of bidirectional benign regulation, acupoint specificity and immediacy. And its regulation is mainly achieved through the "neuro-endocrine-immune" network system. Acupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) and Hegu (LI 4) to inhibit intestinal peristalsis may have good application value in colonoscopy.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Colonoscopy ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Peristalsis

Metabolic regulation has been proven to play a critical role in T cell antitumor immunity. However, cholesterol metabolism as a key component of this regulation remains largely unexplored. Herein, we found that the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), which has been previously identified as a transporter for cholesterol, plays a pivotal role in regulating CD8