Objective: To investigate the value of lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral fat index (VAI) for prediction of metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods: Based on the 2018 Survey on Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors in Yantai City of Shandong Province, residents at ages of 45 years and older were sampled, and subjects' age, disease history, waist circumstance (WC), body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and blood lipid were collected to calculate LAP and VAI. MS was diagnosed with the a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity (JIS definition) and the recommended criteria proposed by the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) of Chinese Medical Association (CDS criteria), and the values of LAP and VAI for MS screening were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Totally 9 366 subjects were enrolled, including 4 340 men (46.34%) and 5 026 women (53.66%), and had a mean age of (54.49±9.73) years. According to the CDS criteria, the prevalence of MS was 24.58%, and LAP and VAI showed areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.837 (95%CI: 0.828-0.846) and 0.751 (95%CI: 0.739-0.762), sensitivities of 78.82% and 63.31% and optimal cut-off values of 44.64 and 1.86 for screening of MS. According to the JIS definition, the prevalence of MS was 35.26%, and LAP and VAI showed AUC values of 0.842 (95%CI: 0.834-0.850) and 0.790 (95%CI: 0.780-0.800), sensitivities of 75.73% and 68.42% and optimal cut-off values of 42.01 and 1.67 for screening of MS. Conclusions Both LAP and VAI are effective for screening MS among middle-aged and elderly residents, and LAP presents a higher accuracy than VAI.

Objective:To understand the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8 to 10 years in Yantai City, Shandong Province, and to provide evidence for making prevention and control strategies in the future.Methods:From 2016 to 2018, a multi-stage stratified simple random sampling method was used in Yantai City, 5 to 7 counties (cities, districts) were selected each year in the east, west, south, north, and middle directions. Each county (city, district) was divided into 5 locations of east, west, south, north, and middle, and one township (town, street) was selected in each location. One village primary school was selected from each township (town, street), if there was no village primary school, the township central primary school was selected. For each primary school, 40 children aged 8 to 10 years (half male half female) were selected. Random urine samples and edible salt samples were collected, and urinary iodine and salt iodine contents were measured, while thyroid volume was examined by B-ultrasound.Results:From 2016 to 2018, the medians iodine contents of edible salt (1 000, 1 400, 1 200 samples) in the households of children aged 8 to 10 years were 21.02, 21.50 and 21.15 mg/kg, respectively; the qualified iodized salt consumption rates were all < 90%; the qualified rate of iodized salt had decreased year by year, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=85.92, P < 0.01). From 2016 to 2018, 1 000, 1 400, and 1 200 urine samples of children aged 8 to 10 years were tested, and the medians urinary iodine were 190.05, 148.20, and 145.00 μg/L, and there was no correlation between children's salt iodine contents and their own urinary iodine levels ( r=- 0.036, P > 0.05). From 2016 to 2018, the overall goiter rate for children aged 8 to 10 years was 3.61% (130/3 600), and there was no correlation between urinary iodine levels and thyroid volume in children ( r=0.108, P > 0.05). From 2016 to 2018, the number of children who consumed non-iodine salt accounted for 19.50% (702/3 600), the median urinary iodine was 155.00 μg/L, and the goiter rate was 3.70% (26/702). Conclusion:Although the qualified iodized salt consumption rate in children in Yantai City is less than 90%, the urinary iodine level and goiter rate of children have reached the standards for elimination of iodine deficiency disorders, indicating that children's dietary nutrition level and salt iodine content can meet the children iodine requirement.

Objective:To understand the infection status of key human parasites in Yantai City, Shandong Province, and to provide scientific basis for establishing strategy for prevention and control of the disease.Methods:According to the "National Investigation Plan of Human Parasitic Infection Status" and implementation rules, stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 39 survey sites in 10 counties (cities, districts) of Yantai City from 2015 to 2019. The respondents were residents in each survey site, with no less than 200 people in each survey site. The modified garten thick smear method (one fecal two test) and the direct smear method were respectively used to detect the eggs of intestinal worms and the trophozoites or cysts of intestinal protozoa. Besides, the transparent adhesive paper anal swab was used to detect pinworms in children aged 3 - 9 years. SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Comparison between infection rates was analyzed by χ 2 test or Fisher's exact probability test with 0.05 of test level. Results:A total of 8 507 people were investigated from 2015 to 2019. The total infection rate of intestinal parasites was 1.75% (149/8 507), and no protozoa was detected. A total of 4 species of intestinal worms were detected, including 1.41% (120/8 507) of whipworm, 0.16% (14/8 507) of ascaris, 0.14% (12/8 507) of pinworm and 0.07% (6/8 507) of hookworm. Among 149 cases of worm infection, 3 cases were ascaris and whipworm mixed infection, accounting for 2.01%. The infection rate of pinworm was 1.90% (11/578) in 578 children aged 3 - 9 years detected by transparent adhesive paper anal swab. From 2015 to 2019, the incidence of intestinal parasites infection first increased and then decreased, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 469.38, P < 0.05). The infection rates of male and female were 1.72% (70/4 071) and 1.78% (79/4 436), respectively, with no significant difference between them (χ 2 = 0.05, P > 0.05). There was a significant difference of intestinal parasites infection rate in different age groups (χ 2 = 23.34, P < 0.05). The infection rate of intestinal parasites in ≥80 years old group was the highest with 2.84% (8/282). There was a significant difference of intestinal parasites infection rate among different professionals (χ 2 = 41.71, P < 0.05). Intestinal parasites infection rate of farmers was the highest with 2.58% (113/4 388). There was a significant difference of intestinal parasites infection rate among people with different cultural degree(χ 2 = 51.91, P < 0.05). Infection rate of illiterate people was the highest with 4.98% (16/321). Parasitic infection was detected in 10 counties (cities, districts), except Laishan District. The highest infection rate was Haiyang City (10.18%, 102/1 002), and the results of other counties (cities, districts) were lower than 1.20%. There was significant difference in infection rate in different regions (χ 2 = 433.87, P < 0.05). The infection rate in urban area was 0.51% (22/4 281), and the infection rate in rural area was 3.01% (127/4 226). The difference between urban and rural areas was statistically significant (χ 2 = 76.70, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The infection rate of intestinal parasites has been reduced to a lower level in rural area of Yantai City, and farmers are the key prevention and control population of intestinal parasites infection, so attention should be paid to strengthen the publicity of parasitic disease prevention and control.