Objective We aimed to establish and evaluate a rat model of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)with the pattern of liver depression and spleen deficiency coupled with dampness.Methods First,200 rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the infection group,the infection+stress group,the infection+stress+external dampness group,and the acetic acid+stress group(n=40 rats per group)for eight weeks.The rats were treated with Trichinella spiralis infection,chronic restraint stress,an artificial high-humidity climate,and/or acetic acid enema.Weight growth rate,24-hour food intake and water intake,and the fecal moisture percentage were recorded.The open field test and the sucrose consumption test were used to determine the behavioral characteristics of rats in each group.The abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR)test was used to determine visceral sensitivity.The contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and aquaporin 4(AQP4)in colon tissue were detected by ELISA.Results Compared with the normal group,the weight growth rate of rats in the infection+stress+external dampness group and the acetic acid+stress group was lower from Week 1 to Week 8 of modeling.The 24-hour food intake of rats in the infection+stress+external dampness group and the infection+stress group was lower than that in the normal group from Week 2 to Week 8 of modeling.At the end of week 2 of modeling,the 24-hour water intake of rats in the infection+stress+external dampness group,the acetic acid+stress group,and the infection+stress group was lower than that in the normal group.The fecal moisture percentage of rats in the infection+stress+external dampness group was higher than that in the normal group at the end of Week 1,6,and 8(P＜0.05).At the end of Week 4 of modeling,the total distance in the open field test in the infection+stress+external dampness group and the acetic acid+stress group was shorter than that in the normal group.The sugar preference rate in the infection+stress+external dampness group was lower than that in the normal group at the end of 1,4,and 8 weeks and lower than that in the acetic acid+stress group at the end of Week 4 and 8(P＜0.05).The AWR scores of rats in the infection+stress+external dampness group were higher than those in the normal group after week 1 at 60 and 80 mmHg(1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa),after Week 4 at 40,60,and 80 mmHg,and after Week 6 and 8 at 20,40,and 80 mmHg(P＜0.05).At the end of Week 2 and 4,a large number of inflammatory cells were infiltrated in the colonic mucosa of the intervention groups,and the inflammation score was higher than that of the normal group(P＜0.05).At the end of weeks 6 and 8,the inflammatory cell infiltration in the intestinal mucosa of the intervention groups was not obvious,and the colonic mucosa returned to normal.At the end of weeks 6 and 8,the 5-HT content was higher in the infection+stress group,the infection+stress+external dampness group,and the acetic acid+stress group than in the normal group(P＜0.05).After Week 4,the AQP4 content was lower in the infection+stress+external dampness group and the acetic acid+stress group than that in the normal group(P＜0.05).After week 6,compared to the normal group,the AQP4 content was lower in all groups except for the acetic acid+stress group,and the AQP4 content in the infection+stress+external dampness group was lower than that in the acetic acid+stress group.After week 8,only in the infection+stress+external dampness group the AQP4 content was lower than in the normal group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combination of Trichinella spiralis infection,chronic restraint stress,and an artificial high-humidity climate can be used to prepare a relatively stable and reliable rat model of PI-IBS with the pattern of liver depression and spleen deficiency with dampness.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of multidisciplinary team (MDT) model combined with Da Vinci robot-assisted thoracic surgery in the treatment of early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods From July 2020 to December 2021, the patients with NSCLC who received Da Vinci robot-assisted thoracic surgery in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command were collected. According to whether MDT were performed before hospitalization, the patients were divided into an MDT group and a common group. The recovery and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 187 patients were enrolled, including 81 males and 106 females, aged 63 (56, 67) years. There were 85 patients in the MDT group, and 102 patients in the common group. Compared with the common group, the MDT group had lower incidence of postoperative complications (9.4% vs. 29.4%, P=0.017), shorter intraoperative operation time [55 (45, 61) min vs. 79 (65, 90) min, P<0.001], and less intraoperative blood loss [25 (20, 30) mL vs. 30 (20, 50) mL, P=0.029] in the same operation mode. In addition, the drainage volume on the second postoperative day [270 (200, 350) mL vs. 215 (190, 300) mL, P=0.004], the number of dissected lymph nodes groups [6 (5, 6) groups vs. 5 (3, 6) groups, P=0.004] and the number of dissected lymph nodes [16 (13, 21) vs. 13 (9, 20), P=0.005] in the MDT group were significantly better than those in the common group. The differences in the postoperative intubation time and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion MDT combined with Da Vinci robot-assisted thoracic surgery can further reduce the risk of surgery, improve the clinical treatment effect, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and accelerate the rehabilitation of patients.

Objective To analyze the learning curve of Da Vinci robotic segmentectomy. Methods Cumulative sum analysis (CUSUM) was used to analyze the learning curve of Da Vinci robotic segmentectomy performed by the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from February 2018 to December 2020. The learning curve was obtained by fitting, and R2 was used to judge the goodness of fitting. The clinical data of patients in different stages of learning curve were compared and analyzed. Results The first 50 patients who received Da Vinci robotic segmentectomy were included, including 24 males and 26 females, with an average age of 61.9±10.6 years. The operation time decreased gradually with the accumulation of operation patients. The goodness of fitting coefficient reached the maximum value when R2=0.907 (P<0.001), CUSUM (n) =0.009×n3−0.953×n2+24.968×n−7.033 (n was the number of patients). The fitting curve achieved vertex crossing when the number of patients reached 17. Based on this, 50 patients were divided into two stages: a learning and improving stage and a mastering stage. There were statistical differences in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, number of lymph node dissection, postoperative catheter time, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative complications between the two stages (P<0.05). Conclusion It shows that the technical competency for assuring feasible perioperative outcomes can be achieved when the cumulative number of surgical patients reaches 17.

Objective To investigate the expression level and clinical application value of serum resistin in patients with systemic lu-pus erythematosus(SLE).Methods Forty-five SLE patients visited Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,Clinical College of Nanjing Uni-versity of Chinese Medicine from January to August 2023 were enrolled in the study.The patients were scored and grouped according to the SLE disease activity index(SLEDAI),with SLEDAI＜9 score in the inactive group(n=32)and SLEDAI≥9 score in the active group(n=13).Thirty-four healthy individuals who underwent physical examination in our hospital were recruited as healthy controls.The clinical data and laboratory related indicators such as urine protein and serum complement C3 levels were collected from SLE pa-tients and healthy controls.Serum resistin levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The clinical screening value of serum resistin for SLE was evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.The correlations of serum resistin levels with different laboratory indicators were determined by Pearson correlation analysis.Results The serum resistin levels in SLE patients([7.64±0.64]ng/mL)were significantly higher than that in healthy controls([2.56±0.43]ng/mL),and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.195,P＜0.01).The serum resistin levels in active SLE patients([10.10±1.45]ng/mL)were significant-ly higher than that in inactive SLE patients([6.64±0.60]ng/mL),and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.632,P＜0.05).The area under the ROC curve(AUCROC)of serum resistin for screening SLE was 0.897.When the cut-off value was 5.893 ng/mL,the sensitivity was 86.67%and the specificity was 82.35%.The serum resistin level in SLE patients was positively correlated with urine protein(r=0.692,P＜0.01),while negatively correlated with serum complement C3(r=-0.354,P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of serum resistin in SLE patients are significantly increased and positively correlated with SLE disease activity and urine protein.Serum resistin may become a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and therapeutic effect assessment of SLE.

Objective To construct a prediction model for post-neoadjuvant therapy recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node(RLN LN)status via clinical and CT image data in esophageal cancer patients pre-neoadjuvant therapy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 403 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer who received neoadjuvant therapy and radical resection for esophageal cancer.All patients were divided into a training cohort(n=270)and a validation cohort(n=133)randomly according to a 2:1 ratio.Clinical and imaging features associated with positive RLN LN pathology were selected by univariate analysis.Multivariate logistic stepwise regression model was used to construct the prediction model.The prediction ability of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The basic model included neoadjuvant therapy and RLN LN short diameter,with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.7(training cohort)and 0.65(validation cohort).The final prediction model included neoadjuvant therapy,human albumin,platelet count,largest lymph node enhancement characteristics,whether the largest lymph node was in the recurrent laryngeal region,and RLN LN short diameter,with AUC of 0.83[95％confidence interval(CI)0.768-0.899]and 0.76(95％CI 0.645-0.887)for the training and validation cohorts,respectively.Conclusion The model based on clinical data and imaging features pre-neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal cancer can assist in clinically predicting the post-neoadjuvant therapy RLN LN status.

AIM:To establish and evaluate a colonoids model of intestinal barrier dysfunction with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS:The colonic recess of 20～22 g male C57BL/6 mice were isolated and cultured in ma-trix glue to proliferate and differentiate into 3D hollow spheres with colonic epithelioid structure.The following experi-ments were carried out:(1)Colonoids and colonic tissues of mice were detected by immunofluorescence to identify colo-noids.(2)Fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 4(FD4)evaluated the epithelial barrier function of colonoids.(3)To ex-plore the changes in the epithelial barrier of colonoids induced by interferon-γ(IFN-γ)at different concentrations and time points.FD4 and HE staining were used to evaluate the barrier function.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expres-sion of occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)in tight junctions of colonoids.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the distribution and localization of occludin and ZO-1 proteins.RESULTS:(1)The expression of EdU proliferation and in-testinal epithelial cell lineage markers in colonoids was consistent with that in mouse colonic tissues.(2)In the control group,FD4 did not infiltrate the colonoids lumen,but FD4 significantly infiltrated the colonoids lumen induced by ethyl-ene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid(EGTA).(3)From 18 h,the IFN-γ at 60,100,200 and 240 ng/mL could significantly infiltrate into the cavity of colonoids(0.033,0.032,0.042 and 0.001),and the barri-er injury of colonoids could be seen by HE staining.After 18 h,all concentrations of IFN-γ could significantly decrease the mRNA expression of occludin and ZO-1,and the fluorescence of occludin and ZO-1 decreased significantly(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:(1)The cultured organoids are colonoids with complete epithelial barrier.(2)IFN-γ could in-duce the decrease of the transcriptional levels of occludin and ZO-1 in the tight junction of colonoids,the decrease of the expression of corresponding proteins,and the change of localization and distribution,thus increasing the epithelial perme-ability of colonoids.This model is highly consistent with the pathophysiological state of IBS colonic mucosal barrier dys-function,which provides a new tool and method for studying the direction of colonic mucosal barrier dysfunction in IBS.

Objective:To summarize the ultrasonographic characteristics, genetic etiology, and perinatal prognosis of fetuses with absence of ductus venosus (ADV).Methods:A retrospective study enrolled 84 singleton pregnancies that underwent prenatal ultrasound examination and were diagnosed with fetal ADV at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2017 to July 2022. Based on prenatal ultrasonographic findings, the cases were divided into isolated ADV group ( n=37), ADV with ultrasound soft markers group ( n=9), and ADV with definite ultrasound abnormalities group ( n=38). According to the gestational age at the initial diagnosis of ADV, they were categorized into early pregnancy group (11-13 weeks of 6 days) with 17 cases, mid-pregnancy group (14-27 weeks of 6 days) with 45 cases, and late pregnancy group (≥28 weeks) with 22 cases. Depending on the direction of blood flow in the intra-abdominal segment of the umbilical vein, they were classified into umbilical vein directly entering the portal sinus group ( n=75), intrahepatic umbilical vein abnormal shunt group ( n=4), and extrahepatic umbilical vein shunt group ( n=5). The clinical characteristics of each group were summarized, and compared using the Chi-square, trend Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact test and Bonferroni correction test. Results:The common ultrasonographic abnormalities in the 84 cases of ADV fetuses were cardiac anomalies (27.4%, 23/84), cystic hygroma (10.7%, 9/84), fetal hydrops (9.5%, 8/84), and body cavity effusion (8.3%, 7/84). The proportions of fetuses with ADV and definite ultrasound abnormalities detected in the early, mid, and late pregnancy were 16/17, 44.4% (20/45), and 9.1% (2/22), respectively, with a higher proportion of definite ultrasound abnormalities associated with earlier detection of ADV ( χ 2trend=27.25, P<0.001). Among them, 21 cases underwent chromosomal karyotyping and/or chromosomal copy number variation sequencing or expanded non-invasive prenatal testing, with five abnormalities detected, including 45,X, trisomy 13, trisomy 22 mosaicism, trisomy 7 mosaicism, and a 14 Mb duplication at 22q12.3q13.33. The neonatal survival (28 days after birth) rates with ADV detected in the early, mid, and late pregnancy gradually increased, at 1/17, 43.9% (18/41), and 90.5% (19/21), respectively ( χ 2trend=27.04, P<0.001). The neonatal survival rates of the isolated ADV group and the group with ultrasound soft markers were higher than that of the group with definite ultrasound abnormalities [93.9% (31/33) and 6/9 vs. 2.7% (1/37), Bonferroni corrected, both P<0.001]. The neonatal survival rates of the umbilical vein directly entering the portal sinus group, intrahepatic umbilical vein abnormal shunt group, and extrahepatic umbilical vein shunt group were 50.0% (35/70), 0/4, and 1/5, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (Fisher's exact test, P=0.105). Conclusions:The earlier the detection of fetal ADV, the more likely it is to be associated with definite ultrasound abnormalities and have lower neonatal survival rates. This highlights the importance of ultrasonographic examination of the fetal ductus venosus. Once ADV is detected, attention should be paid to other potential ultrasound abnormalities, and genetic testing should be completed.

Objective:To investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on delayed extubation of patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).Methods:A total of 400 ATAAD patients who were admitted to our hospital from October 2021 to October 2023 and underwent surgical treatment were selected as the research objects. According to BMI, they were divided into obese group (BMI≥28 kg/m 2, 119 cases) and non-obese group (BMI<28 kg/m 2, 281 cases). The differences of preoperative clinical characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative data between the two groups were compared. Starting from transferring to the ICU and ending with the first successful extubation, The risk factors of postoperative invasive mechanical ventilation time ≥ 48 h in ATAAD patients were analyzed, and the predictive efficacy of related factors for postoperative invasive mechanical ventilation time ≥ 48 h in ATAAD patients was evaluated. Results:Compared with the non-obese group, the proportion of hypertension, diabetes, admission heart rate, admission systolic blood pressure, admission diastolic blood pressure and preoperative white blood cell count in the obese group were significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross-clamp time, operation time, red blood cell transfusion volume, invasive mechanical ventilation time, secondary operation rate and total hospitalization cost in the obese group were significantly higher than those in the non-obese group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI, cardiopulmonary bypass time, ascending aortic cross-clamp time, operation time, age, hypertension, and red blood cell transfusion were related factors for postoperative invasive mechanical ventilation time ≥48 h in ATAAD patients ( P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that increased BMI ( OR=1.213, P<0.05) and increased age ( OR=1.020, P<0.05) were independent risk predictors of postoperative invasive mechanical ventilation time≥48 h in ATAAD patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve ( ROC) analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve ( AUC) of BMI for predicting the duration of postoperative invasive mechanical ventilation in ATAAD patients≥48 h was 0.682 ( P<0.05), and the best predictive cut-off value was 25.64 kg/m 2. Conclusion:BMI≥28kg/m 2 increases the difficulty of surgery and the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in ATAAD patients. BMI has a high predictive value for the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in ATAAD patients after surgery ≥48 h, and effective intervention measures can be formulated to improve the treatment effect of patients.

Pulmonary blast injury has become the main type of trauma in modern warfare, characterized by externally mild injuries but internally severe injuries, rapid disease progression, and a high rate of early death. The injury is complicated in clinical practice, often with multiple and compound injuries. Currently, there is a lack of effective protective materials, accurate injury detection instrument and portable monitoring and transportation equipment, standardized clinical treatment guidelines in various medical centers, and evidence-based guidelines at home and abroad, resulting in a high mortality in clinlcal practice. Therefore, the Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized military and civilian experts in related fields such as thoracic surgery and traumatic surgery to jointly develop the Clinical treatment guideline for pulmonary blast injury ( version 2023) by combining evidence for effectiveness and clinical first-line treatment experience. This guideline provided 16 recommended opinions surrounding definition, characteristics, pre-hospital diagnosis and treatment, and in-hospital treatment of pulmonary blast injury, hoping to provide a basis for the clinical treatment in hospitals at different levels.

Deficiency, stasis, water and toxin are of great significance in the pathogenesis and pathologic evolution of chronic heart failure (CHF). Based on "deficiency, blood stasis, water and toxin", the pathogenesis and treatment of CHF were discussed in this article. It was found that in the pathogenesis, deficiency--deficiency of heart qi and deficiency of heart yang were the origin of the disease, and blood stasis, water and toxin were the markers of the disease. Among them, blood stasis was the central pathological link, and also an important mechanism that could aggravate the disease and cause a vicious cycle; water-phlegm and water dampness were the basic pathological products; toxin-heat toxin, water toxin, and stasis toxin were the final results of disease progress and product accumulation. In terms of treatment, CHF can be divided into four stages: early, middle, late and end. In the early stage, tonifying qi and regulating heart can be used for the treatment of root cause, and promoting blood circulation and water can be used for the treatment of symptoms; tonifying qi and yin and reinforcing the healthy qi, reducing blood stasis, purging turbid, and eliminating pathogenic factors can be used in the middle stage; reducing blood stasis and removing toxic materials should be used in the late stage, supplemented with warming yang and increasing urine excretion; astringing yang,generating body fluids, tonifying qi and yang should be used in the end stage. At the same time of treating by stages, attention should be paid to adhering to a holistic concept and dialectical treatment; pay attention to timing and flexible medication; adopting a combination of Chinese and Western approaches and integrating them.