Objective To improve the understandazation of manifestation of lung metastases and awareness of characteristics. Methods 21 cases of lung metastases were collected by the clinical diagnosis during Jan 2005 to Dec 2008, and its manifestation of chest X -ray and CT imaging was analysed to explore the characteristics. Results The chest X - ray was a conventional method for lung metastases .CT, especially HRCT, can provide more comprehensive and accurate image information. 21 cases of lung metastases included 17 cases of hematogenic metastasis, accounting for 80% , 2 cases of lymphatic metastasis and 2 cases of direct metastasis, each accounting for 10% . Primary tumor + lung typical manifestation can help to make more precise diagnosis. Conclusion Chest X - ray and CT are an important for lung metastases in the clinical diagnosis, treatment, program settings, and efficacy of assessment.

Objective To investigate and analyze the risk factors of pressure ulcer in geriatric hospitalized patients in neurology department and related nursing intervention.Methods The date of 100 geriatric hospitalized patients in neurology department was retrospectively analyzed.The age,nutritional status,complications,correlated factors of medical equipments (indwelling gastric tube,urinary catheter,PICC tube,trachea intubation,ventilator tube,and electrocardiogram monitor) and Norton scale scores were evaluated.Fifty-one patients from February to December 2015 were enrolled in control group,and 49 patients from January to September 2016 were included in observation group,The control group used conventional care,while the observation group developed management processes by the pressure ulcer monitoring management team,and nurses were give personalized and predictive care measures after pressure ulcer knowledge training.The Norton scale scores,incidence rates of pressure ulcer and patients'satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results Senile dementia,related factors of medical equipments,low BMI and anemia were independent risk factors for elderly patients with pressure ulcers.The Norton scores and incidence of pressure ulcer of the observation group were significantly lower,and satisfaction of the patients and their families was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Senile dementia,related factors of medical equipments,low BMI and anemia are independent risk factors of elderly patients with pressure ulcer.Monitoring and predictive care measures can effectively reduce the risk and the incidence of pressure ulcers of patients and improve satisfaction for geriatric neurology pressure ulcers in patients.

Objective To investigate and analyze the risk factors of pressure ulcer in geriatric hospitalized patients in neurology department and related nursing intervention.Methods The date of 100 geriatric hospitalized patients in neurology department was retrospectively analyzed.The age,nutritional status,complications,correlated factors of medical equipments (indwelling gastric tube,urinary catheter,PICC tube,trachea intubation,ventilator tube,and electrocardiogram monitor) and Norton scale scores were evaluated.Fifty-one patients from February to December 2015 were enrolled in control group,and 49 patients from January to September 2016 were included in observation group,The control group used conventional care,while the observation group developed management processes by the pressure ulcer monitoring management team,and nurses were give personalized and predictive care measures after pressure ulcer knowledge training.The Norton scale scores,incidence rates of pressure ulcer and patients'satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results Senile dementia,related factors of medical equipments,low BMI and anemia were independent risk factors for elderly patients with pressure ulcers.The Norton scores and incidence of pressure ulcer of the observation group were significantly lower,and satisfaction of the patients and their families was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Senile dementia,related factors of medical equipments,low BMI and anemia are independent risk factors of elderly patients with pressure ulcer.Monitoring and predictive care measures can effectively reduce the risk and the incidence of pressure ulcers of patients and improve satisfaction for geriatric neurology pressure ulcers in patients.

ObjectiveTo study the effect and mechanism of Xiangsha Liu Junzitang combined with phlegm-removing and detoxifying traditional Chinese medicine on immune escape in Lewis lung cancer mice. MethodA total of 60 specific-pathogen-free （SPF）-grade C57BL/6J male mice were injected subcutaneously with 0.2 mL of Lewis cell suspension （containing 2×10⁶ cells·mL^-1） in the right mid-axillary line. After 7 days， the mice that had been successfully modeled were randomly divided into six groups： the model group， the cisplatin group， the Xiangsha Liu Junzitang low-， medium-， and high-dose groups， and the combined group， with 10 mice in each group. The Xiangsha Liu Junzitang low-， medium- and high-dose groups were gavaged with 17.88， 35.75， 71.50 g·kg^-1 Xiangsha Liu Junzitang solution once a day， respectively， and the dosage of cisplatin intraperitoneally injected into the mice was converted to 5 mg·kg^-1 twice a week， and the tumour volumes of each group were measured every two days. The intervention lasted for 14 consecutive days. At the end of treatment， the tumour mass of mice in each group was weighed and the tumour inhibition rate was calculated. The morphological characteristics of tumours in each group were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Fluorescent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） assay was used to detect messenger ribonucleic acid （mRNA） contents of the natural killer group 2 member D （NKG2D） receptor， ribonucleic acid export-1 （RAE-1）， and γ interferon （IFN-γ） in the tumour tissues of each group. NKG2D， RAE-1， and IFN-γ mRNA in tumour tissues of each group. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） and Western blot were applied to detect the expressions of RAE-1， NKG2D， and IFN-γ in tumour tissues of each group， and Western blot was used to detect the expressions of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， Janus kinase 2 （JAK2）， p-JAK2， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， and p-STAT3 in tumour tissues of each group， as well as the protein levels of NKG2D， and RAE-1 in spleen tissues of each group. ResultCompared with that in the model group， the tumour mass decreased in all dose groups of Xiangsha Liu Junzitang， with no statistically significant difference. The tumour volume was reduced （P<0.05， P <0.01）. The pathological morphology was improved. The mRNA contents of NKG2D， RAE-1 and IFN-γ were increased in the medium-dose group （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the protein expressions of NKG2D， RAE-1， and IFN-γ in tumour tissues were elevated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein expressions were decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In spleen tissues， the protein expressions of NKG2D and RAE-1 in all dose groups of Xiangsha Liu Junzitang were significantly elevated （P<0.01）. Compared with those in the cisplatin group， NKG2D， RAE-1 and IFN-γ mRNA contents were elevated in the middle-dose group of Xiangsha Liu Junzitang， and the difference was not statistically significant. IHC showed that the protein expressions of NKG2D and IFN-γ in the combined group were significantly elevated （P<0.01）， and Western blot results showed that the protein expressions of RAE-1， NKG2D and IFN-γ were elevated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein expressions were decreased in the combined group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. NKG2D and RAE-1 protein expressions were significantly increased in spleen tissues of the medium-dose groups and the combined group （P<0.01）. ConclusionXiangsha Liu Junzitang combined with phlegm-removing and detoxifying traditional Chinese medicine can inhibit the growth of tumours in Lewis lung cancer mice by up-regulating the expressions of RAE-1/NKG2D， promoting the activation of NK cells， and inhibiting immune escape， the mechanism of which may be related to down-regulation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.