Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is an important etiologic factor for the type 2 diabetes mellitus.To investigate the biological functions and the applications of IAPP,we used text mining to explore the development of the research about IAPP biochemical reagents and test kits in this study.

Objective To observe the preventive effect of epidural injection with low - dose of ketamine on postanesthesia shivering(PAS) undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ grade patients aged 35 ～ 72 years undergoing PCNL were randomly divided into kctamine group (n = 30, Epidural injection of 0.5mg/kg of ketamine) ,Control group(n = 30, Epidural injection of 10ml saline). The rate of shivering was observed and recorded during operation,and blood pressure and respiration were measured. Results The rate of shivering in ketamine group(10%) was significantly lower than that in control group(46.7%, P ＜ 0.05) ,There were no significant differences of blood pressure and respiration between two groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Epidural injection 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine on postanesthesia can prevent shivering in PCNL.

Children with hematological diseases usually accompanied by low autoimmune function,and repeated chemotherapy exacerbated the damage to their immune system and hematopoietic function.Those lead to high incidence of nosocomial infection,most of infection were caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria and fungi.The major infections in hematological children are the following:multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli/Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria;multi-drug resistance Pseudomonas and Acinetobacte;Methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus and aureus;multi-drug resistance Enterococcus faecium.This review presents updated treatment strategies from the published clinical literature and provides recommendations for clinical treatment of multi-drug resistant bacteria in children with hematonosis.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of Pingxiao capsule and Shendan Sanjie capsule combined with CP program in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in stage Ⅳ. METHODS:132 NSCLC patients in stage Ⅳwere randomly divided into CP group,CP+Pingxiao group and CP+Shendan Sanjie group. CP group was treated with CP program;based on it,CP+Pingxiao group was orally treated with 6 Pingxiao capsules,3 times a day;CP+Shendan Sanjie group was orally treated with 6 Shendan Sanjie capsules,3 times a day. 21 d was a treatment period,and the efficacy was evaluated after 2 treat-ment periods,improvement of life quality,progression-free survival,1-year survival rate and toxicity reactions were observed. RE-SULTS:The recent effective rate,disease control rate,total improvement rate of life quality,progression-free survival and 1-year survival rate in CP+Pingxiao group and CP+Shendan Sanjie group were significantly higher than CP group,incidences of leukope-nia,thrombocytopenia,gastrointestinal tract and decreased hemoglobin were significantly lower than CP group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);however,there was no significant difference between CP+Pingxiao group and CP+Shendan Sanjie group(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Both Pingxiao capsule and Shendan Sanjie capsule can be combined with CP program in the treatment of NSCLC in stageⅣ,with good safety.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of long-term use of atorvastatin on carotid atherosclerosis in advanced elderly patients.Methods Totally 61 elderly patients with carotid atherosclerosis were permitted into study.They were treated with atorvastatin (20 mg/d) and followed-up for five years.The carotid atherosclerosis parameter and the serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,fasting blood glucose (FBG),ALT,AST,STB,CB,Bun,Cr and creatine kinase (CK) were measured before and 5 years after treatment.Results During fellow-up,2 patients died of severe pneumonia and 1 patient died of operation complications of intestinal obstruction,with mortality rate of 4.9％.2 patients (3.4％) gave up treatment because of muscle-related side-effect.Data was collected in 56 patients achieving study end.There was significant decrease in LDL-C (P＜0.05) and increase in HDL-C (P＜0.05),but there was no change in serum levels of TC,TG,FBG,ALT,AST,STB,CB,BUN,Cr and CK (P＜0.05) after 5 years.The total area of carotid atherosclerosis plaque was reduced [(0.63±0.41)cm2 vs.(1.07±0.67)cm2,P＜0.05] and echo of carotid atherosclerosis plaque was enhanced (2.67±0.52 vs.1.53±0.44,P＜0.01),but carotid intima-media thickness(IMT) appeared no change after five years.Conclusions Atorvastatin is safe in the treatment of advanced elderly patients,it can make carotid atherosclerosis plaque smaller and stable after long-term treatment.

Objective To elucidate the related risk factors for the cardiorenal syndrome(CRS),and to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of CRS. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 269 patients with chronic heart failure. The subjects were divided into two groups in accordance with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR):patient group(CRS group),eGRF<60 mL/(min ! 1.73 m2)and control group,eGRF≥60 mL/(min!1.73 m2). The patients'general information as well as the related clinical lab indices and accessory examination indi-ces were collected. The risk factors for chronic heart failure and renal insufficiency were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression analysis. Re?sults The prevalence of chronic heart failure patients suffering from CRS was 26.39%. The single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age,body weight,history of hypertension,and history of diabetes(all P<0.05). Compared to the control group,uric acid,cystatin C,serum urea nitrogen,brain natriuretic peptide,glycosylated hemoglobin,high-sensitivity C-reactive pro-tein,and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter in the CRS group were significantly higher;white blood cell count,hemoglobin,albumin,and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly lower(all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)between the two groups in regard to white blood cell count,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase,glutamic oxalacetic transaminase,cholesterol,triglycerides,high density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein,troponin I,serum free triiodothyronine,serum free thyroxine,or thyroid stimulating hormone. Multivariate logis-tic regression analysis showed that older age,low body weight,history of hypertension,history of diabetes,hypoalbuminemia,superb sensitivity C-re-active protein levels,high uric acid,high cystatin C hyperlipidemia,and low ejection fraction were independently associated with the occurrence of CRS. Conclusion Older age,low body weight,history of hypertension,history of diabetes,hypoalbuminemia,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels,high uric acid,high cystatin C hyperlipidemia,and low ejection fraction are the high risk factors for CRS in heart failure patients and are inde-pendently associated with the occurrence of CRS. Early identification and control of these risk factors are important for the prevention and treatment of CRS.

Objective To explore the role of non-receptor tyrosine kinase(c-Src)in sevoflurane pretreatment for relieving myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods By using the random number table,the healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10):sham operation group (Ⅰ),ischemia-reperfusion group(Ⅱ),sevoflurane pretreatment group(Ⅲ), sevoflurane pretreatment plus dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO,Ⅳ)and sevoflurane pretreatment plus c-Src specific inhibitor SU6656 group(Ⅴ)groups.The group Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ were performed the sevoflurane aftertreatment before reperfusion;the group Ⅴ was in-jected by SU6656 at 5 min before reperfusion;the group Ⅳ was given the equal volume DMSO.The arterial blood sample in each group was collected at 120 min after reperfusion for detecting serum LDH level and CK-MB activity.Rats were killed for taking the heart and separating the left ventricle to calculate the area of myocardial infarctio;the expression levels of Src,phosphorylated Src (p-Src),CAT and SOD in myocardial tissue were detected in each group.Results Compared with the groupⅠ,the level of serum CK-MB and LDH activity,myocardial infarct area and p-Src/Src,CAT,SOD in the other 4 groups were increased significantly (P <0.05);comparing with the group Ⅲ,the serum CK-MB and LDH activity,myocardial infarct area and SOD,CAT,in the group Ⅱ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ were increased,however the level of p-Src/Src was decreased significantly (P <0.05).Conclusion The c-Src-reactive ox-ygen signaling pathway might mediate the role of sevoflurane pretreatment for reducing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat.

Objective To explore the principles and methods of surgcal treatment for acute neoplastic colorectal obstruction.Methods The clinical data of 103 patients diagnosed as acute neoplastic colorectal obstruction were analyzed retrospectively.Results In this group,80 cases underwent emergency surgical treatment,(among) which,25 cases of carcinoma of right colon underwent primary resection and anastomosis;in 45 cases of carcinoma of left colon,primary resection and anastomosis was performed in 37 cases;and emergent(operations) were performed in 10 cases of rectal cancer.23 cases received non-emergency surgery.(Anastomotic) fistula occurred in 3 patients,pulmonary infection in 2 patients,pelvic cavity infection in 1(patient),1 patient died and the rest recovered well and were discharged.Conclusions The initial treatment for acute neoplastic colorectal obstruction should be non-surgcal treatment for 1~3d to make non-emergency surgical treatment more possible.If indications are properly selected,primary tumor resection and anastomosis is safe.For patients with severe contamination of abdominal cavity and bowel perforation, primary tumor(resection) should be performed if possible.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of the antihypertensive protein from Pheretima on blood pressure, angiotensinⅡ and angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).METHODS: The dynamic change of blood pressure in SHR after singel intravenous injection of antihypertensive protein from Pheretima was observed. After intervention with antihypertensive protein from earthworm for 28 d,the levels of blood pressure, angiotensinⅡ and expression of angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor in SHR were detected. RESULTS: Either single intravenous injecion or multiple dosing of the antihypertensive protein from Pheretima could significantly reduce the blood pressure in SHR (P0.05).The expression of angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor in kidney of SHR model increased significanlty compared the normal control (wistar rats), but decreased after the intervention of the antihypertensive protein from Pheretima.CONCLUSION: The antihypertensive protein from Pheretima has antihypertensive effect on SHR. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of angiotensinⅡ level and lowering of the expression of a angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor in kidney.

Objective To study the ratios between several pairs of endogenous androgens in morning urine samples from male and female athletes, so as to define their reference ranges.Also to study the effects of large loading and strengthening exercises on these ratios,which may give a halp to eliminating the misjudgement caused by stimulant misuses.Methods The steroid hormones were detected by GC-MS method through the American made HP5890 and HP5971 GC-MS,with methyl testosterone as an internal standard.The hormone concentrations were calculated by means of integral analysis to each specific ionic peak.Results The ratios An-Etio,5?/5? and T/ET in male athletes were all significantly higher than those in females(P