Objective To explore the double-labeling method of in 9itu hybridization(ISH) with cRNA probe and immunohistochemistry in the paraffin sections of the skin.Methods The double-standard coexistence signals by situ hybridization and immunohis- tochemistry in 15 cases with acne and folliculitis were observed.Results The blue-violet positive signals of ISH could be observed in the hair follicle epithelium,sebaceous glands and ducts of paraffin section of skin.Meanwhile,the brown dendritic positive signal also could be seen in the sebaceous glands.Conclusions The use of in situ hybridization with digoxin-labeled cRNA probe combined with immunohistochemistry could locate microbial component and epidermal cells on skin paraffin section exactly.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of expression of hormone receptors, as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and displays special biological and clinicopathological characteristics. This subtype is aggressive in nature with high histological grade. Besides invasive ductal carcinoma,several special histological types have also been found. The features of the TNBC subgroup roughly parallel those of the basal-like subgroup. Due to the lack of molecular targets, this subgroup has no chance of endocrine treatment and target therapy. Currently, the treatment of TNBC is dominated by chemotherapy based on anthracycline with suboptimal efficacy. Overall, the prognosis has remained quite poor. Emerging evidence indicates that patients regimens with triple negative breast cancer usually displays high rate of early recurrence and distant metastasis. Both the diseasefree survival and overall survival rates are low. Although this subtype which shows same immunohistologic pattern, great heterogeneity still exists within the group causing distinctions in morphology, prognosis, and more importantly, drastically different reactions to same treatment protocol. In recent years, TNBC has been widely concerned by both clinician and pathologist. Several targeted drugs for corresponding signal pathway as well as the subtype of triple negative breast cancer have been widely studied. This article focused on the advances in clinicopathological characteristics, new subtypes and treatment of triple negative breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Yangyin Shengjin Decoction (YYSJD) on hemorheological parameters and coagulation factors in model rabbits with syndrome of excessive heat consuming body fluid and blood stasis. METHODS: Rabbit model with syndrome of excessive heat consuming body fluid and blood stasis was produced. The effects of YYSJD on the blood viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hematocrit, platelet aggregation rate, prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), kaolin partial thromboplastin time (KPTT), fibrinogen (Fg), thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)), and 6-keto-prostaglandin F(1alpha) (6-keto-PGF(1alpha)) in the model rabbits were observed. RESULTS: YYSJD decreased the whole blood viscosity and hematocrit, inhibited the platelet aggregation, prolonged PT, TT and KPTT, and reduced the content of Fg. It also regulated the balance between TXB(2) and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha). CONCLUSION: YYSJD can promote the blood circulation, adjust the blood agglutinating function, and decrease the formation of thrombus. This is one of the pharmacological mechanisms of the therapeutic method of "nourishing yin to promote blood circulation" in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine for seasonal febrile diseases.

Objective To observe the pain behavioral performance of rats that different sensory nerve fibers were transected,and examine the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) in these models.Methods Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups according to random number table method:SUR group,GS group and SHAM group, which received sural nerve transection, gastrocnemius-soleus nerve transection or sham operation respectively.There were 8 rats in every group.The expression of BDNF in the lumbar 5 DRG and spinal dorsal horn were detected,and the types of damaged cells were also observed.Results In GS group, 50% paw-withdrawal thresholds were significantly decreased on the ipsilateral hind paw compared with baseline and with those in SHAM group,and the paw-withdrawal durations in response to the thermal stimulus increased significantly (P＜0.01 ＝.In contrast, no change was found in SUR group(P＞0.05 ).The expression of BDNF in the lumbar 5 DRG ( (37.87 ± 4.23 ) % ) and spinal dorsal horn ( (21.9 ± 3.1 ) % ) was significantly higher in GS group than in SHAM group( ( 17.31 ± 2.12 ) %, ( 12.6 ± 1.3 ) % ), and no significant difference was found between SUR and SHAM groups(P＞0.05 ).FG opposite cells which also expressed BDNF in GS group were more than those in SUR group ( (47.7 ± 1.8) % and (26.7 ± 2.3 ) % ) (P ＜ 0.01 ＝.The percentage in N200 and FG double positive cells to N200 positive cells in GS group was significantly increased in GS group than those in SUR group ( (47.7 ±1.8 ) %, (26.7 ± 2.3 ) % ) (P ＜ 0.01 ＝.Conclusion The data suggest that injury of the sensory nerve innervating skin does not produce hyperalgesia, but injury of the sensory nerve innervating muscle does.Different kinds of neuron were damaged and the differences of BDNF expression is essential for this difference.

Objective To investigate the effects of different afferent nerve injury on development of neuropathic pain and its relationship with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in rats. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats aged 2 months weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups:group Ⅰ sham operation (group S); group Ⅱ sural nerve injury (group SUR) and group Ⅲ gastrocnemius-soleus nerve injury (group GS). Sural nerve and gastrocnemius-soleus nerve were transected in group SUR and GS respectively. Paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation was measured the day before and at day 3 and 7 after operation. The animals were killed at postoperative day 7 after the measurement of paw withdrawal threshold. The ipsllateral L5 DRG and L5 segment of the spinal cord were removed. BDNF expression in the spinal dorsal horn was determined. The percentage of BDNF positive neurons and ATF-3 positive neurons in the total DRG neurons and the percentage of BDNF positive neurons in the damaged neurons (ATF-3 positive) were calculated. Results Mechanical hyperalgesia developed after transection of gastrocnemius-soleus muscle in group GS. Mechanical pain threshold was sinificantly lower, while BDNF expression in the spinal dorsal horn and the percentage of BDNF positive neurons in total DRG neurons were significantly higher in group GS than in group S and SUR (P ＜ 0.01). There was no significant difference in all variables between group SUR and S (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of ATF-3 positive neurons in the total DRG neurons between group GS and SUR (P ＞ 0.05), but the percentage of BDNF positive neurons in the damaged neurons (ATF-3 positive) was significantly higher in group GS than in group SUR (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Transection of the afferent nerve innervating muscle can produce neuropathic pain through up-regulation of BDNF expression in spinal dorsal horn and DRG in rats, while transection of the afferent nerve innervating skin can not.

Objective To compare the effects of propofol versus isoflurane on brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and explore the difference in the effects of the two anesthetics on the brainstem. Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 20-50 yr without heating disorder, scheduled for elective surgery performed under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 15 each): propofol group (group P) and isoflurane group (group Ⅰ). SpO2, PET CO2, BIS and BAEP were continuously monitored before and during anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced by propofol administered by TCI or isoflurane inhalation. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with vecuronium. The patients were mechanically ventilated. PET CO2 was maintained at 35-40 mm Hg and SpO2 at 98%-100%. After intubation BIS was maintained at 70 and 50 respectively ,the latency of the wave Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅴ and the inter-peak latency (IPL) betwecn wave Ⅰ -Ⅲ , Ⅲ-Ⅴ and Ⅰ -Ⅴ were recorded.Results In group P there was no significant difference in the latency of the wave Ⅰ , Ⅲ and Ⅴ and the IPL between wave Ⅰ - Ⅲ , Ⅲ - Ⅴ and Ⅰ - Ⅴ between the baseline before anesthesia and at BIS 70 and 50. In group Ⅰ the latency of wave Ⅲ and Ⅴ and the IPL between wave Ⅰ - Ⅲ , Ⅲ - Ⅴ and Ⅰ - Ⅴ were significantly longer at BIS 50 than the baseline before anesthesia, while the latency of wave Ⅲ and Ⅴ and the IPL between wave Ⅰ -Ⅲ andⅠ -Ⅴ at BIS 50 were significantly longer than that at BIS 70. At BIS 50 the latency of wave Ⅴ and the IPL between wave Ⅰ -Ⅴ were significantly longer in group Ⅰ than in group P. Conclusion At comparable depth of anesthesia propofol exerts less depressant effects on BAEP indicating less depression of brainstem.

Objective To determine the most appropriate combination of target effect-site concentrations (Ce) of propofol and remifentanil administered by TCI for fiberoptic bmnchoscopy in terms of depth of anesthesia and safety.Methods One hundred and eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes aged 18-60 yr with body mass index ranging from 20-25 kg/m2 undergoing elective fiberoptic bronchoscopy under general anesthesia were randomized into 6 groups based on Ce of propofol (5.0,5.5,6.0 μg/ml) and remifentanil(2.5,3.0 ng/ml)(n=30 each):P5.0 R2.5,P5.5 R2.5,P6.0 R2.5,P530 R3.0,P5.5 R3.0 and P6.0 R3.0.Anesthesia was induced and maintained with TCI of propofol and remifentanil.MAP,HR,and SpO2 were continuously monitored.The examination was started when the target Ce was reached.When continuous coughing or bronchospasm occurred,2% lidocaine was given for topical anesthesia.When MAP decreased by more than 30% of the baseline value and/ or HR<55 boats per min,ephedrine was injected iv.When MAP increased by more than 30% of the baseline value and/or HR>120 beats per min,remifentanil was injected iv.TCI was stopped when the examination was over.The amount of propofol and remifentanil consumed,induction time,emergence time,duration of bronchoscopy and the number of the patients in whom ephedrine and intermittent iv boluses of remifentanil were given were recorded and compared among the 6 groups.The efficacy ofanesthesia was evaluated and the doctors' satisfaction recorded.Results The induction time and emergence time were significantly longer in P6.0 R3.0 and P6.0 R2.5 groups than in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). The efficacy of anesthesia was better in group P5.5 R3.0 and P6.0 R3.0 than in group P5.0 P2.5, P5.5 R2.5 and P5.0 R3.0 ( P < 0.05). Anesthesia was more satisfactory as evaluated by the doctor in group P5.5 R3.0.The number of patients who received iv bolus of remifentanil and ephedrine during bronchoscopy was smallest in group P5.5 R3.0 ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion TCI of propofol at Ce of 5.5 μg/ml combined with remifentanil TCI at Ce of 3.0 ng/ml provides satisfactory anesthesia for flberoptic bronchoscopy.

Objective To find differential expression proteins in patients with T cell non-Hodgkin’ s lymphoma (T-NHL) by using surface-enhanced laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) technique and study their related clinical application value and prospect.Methods Serum protein of 36 T-NHL patients and 30 DLBCL patients were detected by the SELD1-TOF-MS technique and weak cation exchange (wcx-2) chip.Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was detected by biochemistry method.Beta2-microglobulin (β2-MG) was detected by enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay (ELISA).The significant different protein spectrometry were analyzed between DLBCL patients and T-NHL patients.The correlation analysis with protein spectrometry,disease staging,LDH and β2-MG were analyzed with Spearman.Results Nine potential candidate proteins,including the peak intensity of M/Z 1142.67,1451.43,1472.49,1512.03,3194.22,3267.41,3933.86,4593.12 and 9182.24,were identified in T-NHL patients.The 9 protein markers had no contact with disease staging of T-NHL (P ＞ 0.05).The protein markers of 4593.12 and 9182.24 were high level in T-NHL patients.LDH in these two protein markers’ positive group [(290.82±29.95) U/L,(283.94±100.94) U/L] was higher than that in negative group [(169.22±55.42) U/L,(169.50±59.25) U/L](t =-3.199,P =0.004; t =-2.378,P =0.026),and LDH was positive correlation with these two protein spectrometry (r =0.265,r =0.178,P ＜ 0.01).There was no statistically significant difference ofβ2-MG between these two protein markers’ positive group and negative group (P ＞ 0.05).The other 7 protein markers were low level in T-NHL patients,and there was no statistically significant difference of LDH and β2-MG in these 7 protein markers (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The protein marker of 4593.12 and 9182.24 may be the specific serological markers to identify T-NHL.The combination of these two protein markers and LDH may assess the tumor load,and provide guiding value for clinical treatment.

Objective To evaluate the influence of different blood purification ways on the incidence,distribution characteristics and related factors of depressive symptoms in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.Methods Self-made questionnaires,short form 36 health survey questionnaire(SF-36),self-rating depression scale (SRS),medical coping modes questionnaire (MCMQ) and social support rating scale(SSRS) were performed to assess 80 hemodialysis patients and 78 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.If SDS score was higher than 53,the patient was diagnosed according to ICD-10.Results ①The detection rate of depressive symptoms in patients with ESRD was 61.22％,in which 50.8％ case met the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10.②Peritoneal dialysis group were better than hemodialysis group on the SF-36 (61.60± 18.50 vs 52.70 ± 20.00),comprehensive nutritional assessment (58.21 ± 13.56 vs 25.40 ± 11.21),urea clearance index(52.43± 14.20 vs 21.02±0.62) and SDS score (24.25±0.45 vs 23.89±0.91),and the results were statistically significant (P＜0.05).③Correlation analysis showed that the depression of ESRD patients was significantly negatively correlated with gender,educational level and household income (r =-0.278,-0.275,-0.283,P＜0.05),but positively correlated with course of disease(r=0.298,P＜0.05).In addition,the depressive symptoms were significantly negatively correlated with the face and avoidance factor of coping styles(r=-0.343,-0.316,P＜0.05),but positively correlated with yield(r=0.338,P＜0.05).Moreover,they were negatively correlated with objective support,subjective support and support utilization score (r=-0.330,-0.325,-0.297,P＜ 0.05).④Regression analysis showed that education level,social support and medical coping styles were influencing factors for patients with depression.The choice of dialysis way was also the influencing factor of depression occurrence.Conclusion Nutrition and urea nitrogen removal in peritoneal dialysis group is better than that in hemodialysis group.Education degree,social support,medical coping styles and dialysis way are the influencing factors of depression in ESRD patients.

Objective To establish the HPLC determination method of chlorogenic acid for developing the quality standard of Yinqiao Jiedu Oral Liquid.Methods HPLC method was performed on an E.Merck LiChrospher 100RP-18 column(250 mm? 4 mm,5 ? m).The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrle and o.4 % phosphoric acid(10:100).The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,column temperature was 30 ℃,and the detection wavelength was 327 nm.Results Chlorogenic acid was linear at the range of 0.12～ 0.63 ? g(r=0.999 6),the average recovery was 96.68 %,and RSD was 1.56 % .Conclusion This method is accurate,reliable,reproducible,and can provide evidence for the quality control of Yinqiao Jiedu Oral Liquid.