Purpose:To study the clinical significance and hematologic features of CD56 + Acute Myeloid Leukemia(AML). Methods:The expression of differentiation antigens on the acute myeloid leukemia cells were detected by flow cytometry(FCM);the Epstein-Barr Virus(EBV) mRNA in CD56 + AML leukemic cells by Rt-PCR assay;the ultrastructure of the CD56 + AML leukemia cells were showed by electron microscope and immuno-electron-microscope. The hematologic features and clinical characteristics at the first visit retrospectively analysed as well as the effect of chemotherapy.Results:CD56 expression rate in AML was 30.62%(79/258).EBV-mRNA were negative in all CD56 + AML cells detected.The ultrastructural characteristics showed 1-2 masses floccose objects in nucleus of CD56 + AML leukemic cells,CD56 expression had no correlation with age,sex,WBC,Hb,BPC,Leukemic cell count in BM,CR rate and CR duration(P value is 0.128,0.877,0.181,0.866,0.629,0.407,0.998 and 0.096,respectively),but there was correlation with higher extramedullary involvement(77.78% v 61.11%,P=0.019)?higher expression of CD34 (66.67% v 46.48%,P=0.03),higher expression of P170(51.79% v 34.94%,P=0.048) and shorter survival(Median,11.5 months v 18 months,P=0.0478). Conclusions:AML was a specific subtype of AML,with a poor prognosis.It may be useful to have more detailed classification with appropriate therapy for this subtype.

Objective:To determine the sensitivity of SMMC-7721 cells to mDRA-6,the synergistic damage effect of mDRA-6 and adriamycin on human hepatocellular carcimoma cell lines and its possible mechanism.Methods:SMMC-7721 cells were cultured with RPMI1640 medium in regular condition.The morphology was observed by microscope.Cytotoxicity was examined by MTT assay. Apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.Results:(1)The apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells could be induced by mDRA-6,1.89 ?g/ml of mDRA-6 cound kill 36% of the cells;(2)Concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of adriamycin was exhibited in SMMC-7721 cells;(3)The combination of mDRA-6 and adriamycin exhibited synergistic effect on SMMC-7721 cells.2 ?g/ml of mDRA6 and 40 ng/ml of adriamycin killed 60%SMMC-7721.Conclusion:MDRA-6 can induce SMMC-7721 cell apoptosis.The combination of mDRA-6 and adriamycin exhibit synergistic effect on SMMC-7721 cells.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO)in the treatment of thrombocytopenia induced by chemotherapy in elder patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Methods 20 elder patients with acute myeloid leukemia who got CR received two cycles of consolidation chemotherapy. In the first cycle of chemotherapy(control cycle), they were transfused with platelet suspensions when they developed severe thrombocytopenia; In the second cycle of chemotherapy (treatment cycle), they were given subcutaneous injection of rhTPO 1.0μg·kg-2·d-1 for 14 days or until platelet count≥ 80×109/L with the treatment above all when platelet count ≤50×109/L. The efficacy and safety were evaluated. Results The duration of Plt count<100×109/L in the treatment cycle and the control cycle was (23.1±4.5)d and (25.8±5.7) d (P<0.005); the duration of Plt count≤20×109/L in the treatment cycle and in the control cycle was (6.8±2.6) d and (11.7±3.2) d (P<0.005). The minimal Plt count of the treatment cycle and the control cycle were (13.2±4.4)×109/L and (12.2±3.1)×109/L (P＝0.0967) respectively, and the maximal Plt count after its recovery were (239.3±48.7)×109/L and (163.5±32.4)×109/L (P<0.005) respectively. Platelet transfusion was (22.8±6.8) U in the treatment group, it was significantly lower than that in the control group (30.0±6.3) U (P<0.05).The changes of hemoglobin content, white blood cell count, Urine routine, the function of liver and kidney, the function of blood coagulation after chemotherapy in both groups were no obvious(P ＝0.0872). Transient adverse reaction was observed in 5 patients (25 %). No thrombotic incident had occurred. Conclusion rhTPO can significantly accelerate PLT recovery, reduce the degree and duration of thrombocytopenia induced by chemotherapy, and reduce platelet transfusion in the treatment of consolidation chemotherapy for the elder patients with acute myeloid leukemia. It is safe and can be recommended to use widely.

Objective To evaluate the role of postmastectomy radiotherapy in four subgroups of high-risk breast cancer patients, who were grouped by the status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (Her-2). Methods A total of 437 invasive breast cancer patients with T3-4N1 or N2-3 and available immunohistochemistry results of ER, PR and Her-2 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified into 4 subgroups according to hormone receptors (ER or PR, Rec) and Her-2 status:Rec-/Her-2-(triple negative), Rec-/Her-2 +, Rec +/Her-2 + and Rec +/Her-2-. Rec-was defined as ER-and PR-. Rec + was defined as ER + and/or PR +. Her-2 positive was defined as Her-2 + + or Her-2 + + +. End points were isolated locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastasis (DM), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results The median follow up time was 48 months. Sixty-nine (15. 8%) patients were Rec-/Her-2-, 62 (14. 2%) Rec-/Her-2 +, 89 (20.4%) Rec +/Her-2 + and 217 (49.7%) Rec +/Her-2-. 480(93.4%) patients received chemotherapy and 352(80. 5%) received radiotherapy. Radiotherapy significantly reduced the 5-year LRR rates of all the four subgroups (Rec-/Her-2-: 13.1% vs. 33. 3%, Rec-/Her-2 + :9. 3% vs. 21.2%, Rec + /Her-2 + :9. 7% vs. 47.0%, Rec +/Her-2-:3. 2% vs. 15.4%). Radiotherapy significantly lowered the 5-year DM rates (26. 7% vs. 49.4%, 27.6% vs. 67. 5%, 18.4% vs. 100%) and improved the 5-year DFS rate (66. 7% vs. 33. 3% , 67.7% vs. 33. 3% , 72. 6% vs. 0%) as well as OS (73.9% vs. 25.2% ,69. 8% vs.41.5%, 91.0% vs. 32. 8%) of patients with Rec-/Her-2-, Rec-/Her-2 + and Rec +/Her-2 +. Conclusions In high-risk breast cancer patients, all subgroups of patients grouped by ER, PR and Her-2 status can benefit from postmastectomy radiotherapy.

Objective To identify high-risk group among gastric cancer patients treated with curative resection and more than D1 dissection, and investigate the indications for proper adjuvant therapy.Methods 297 patients who met the following enrolled criteria were retrospectively analyzed:treated between January 2002 and December 2004, primary gastric or gastroesophageal cancer, underwent curative gastrectomy and more than D1 lymphadenectomy, pathologically staged as T3-4N0-1M0,or TxN2-3M0.The overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local-regional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were calculated, and possible prognostic factors were analyzed.Results The median follow-up time was 61 months.The follow-up rate was 92.3%.The 5-year OS, DFS, LRFS and DMFS were 57.9%, 52.2%, 70.6% and 71.7%, respectively.Four independent prognostic variables identified for OS, DFS, LRFS and DMFS using multivariate analysis were Borrmann type (Ⅰ+Ⅱ/Ⅲ+Ⅳ), total number of dissected lymph nodes (>18/≤18), number of positive lymph nodes (0-3/≥4), and 6th AJCC TNM stage (Ⅱ+Ⅲ a/Ⅲ b+ⅣM0)(χ2=3.94-16.34,P<0.05).If one unfavorable prognostic factor was scored as 1, according to the total scores of the four prognostic factors, four risk groups were generated as low (score:0), low-intermediate (score:1), high-intermediate (score:2) and high risk group (score:3 or 4).The 5-year OS, DFS, LRFS and DMFS were 85.7%, 61.0%, 58.6% and 38.6%(χ2=31.20,P<0.01) in low risk group, 85.2%, 61.3%, 48.1% and 31.8%(χ2=31.88,P<0.01) in low-intermediate risk group, 94.4%, 77.8%, 64.4% and 57.2%(χ2=18.36,P<0.01) in high-intermediate risk group and 87.9%, 75.0%, 74.2% and 55.5%(χ2=19.30,P<0.01) in high risk group.Conclusions Even with R0 resection and more than D1 lymphadenectomy, the outcome was poor for gastric cancer patients with two or more unfavorable prognostic factors.Prospective study is warranted to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy for this group of patients.

Objective To explore the effect of TNF related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) in apoptosis induced by LPS. Methods After LPS injected mice blocking TRAIL with soluble death receptor 5 (sDRS), detecting ALT, AST and LDH of mice serum at different times, apoptotic effects of LPS to mice hepatocyte were detected by HE and flow eytometry (FCM) with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The expres-sion of DR5 in mice hepatocyte was assayed with immunohistochemistry and FCM. Results Apoptotic effect was promoted by up-regulated DR5 expression on hepatocyte. Blocking TRAIL with sDR5 markedly amelio-rated the hepatocyte damage and reduced apoptosis. Conclusion These results establish a critical role for TRAIL in apoptosis during disease process of LPS.

AIM: To investigate the effect of endothelin (ET), angiotensin II (AngII) and homocysteine (Hcy) on C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) synthesis and release. METHODS: Human endothelial cell was cultured; CNP was measured by radioimmunoassay method. RESULTS: ET and AngII could augment CNP synthesis in human endothelial cells. Compared with control group, 10-9,10-8,10-7 mol/L ET and Ang II increased CNP content of endothelial cells by 1%(P＞0.05), 49%(P＜0.05),117%(P＜0.01) and 137% (P＜0.01),165%(P＜0.01),201%(P＜0.01),respectively. A great dose of ET and Ang II also stimulated CNP release from cultured human endothelial cells. Hcy had no effect on CNP synthesis, but 10-9，10-8,10-7 mol/L Hcy enhanced CNP release from cultured human endothelial cells by 17%(P＞0.05),84%(P＜0.01) and 555%(P＜0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION: ET, AngII and Hcy might be involved in the synthesis and release of human endothelial cell CNP.

AIM: To study the role and regulation of calcineurin(CaN) in angiotensin II(AngⅡ)-stimulated cardiacmyocyte hypertrophy of rats. METHODS: Using AngⅡ to induce the cultured cardiac myocyte hypertrophy of rats, and investigating the effect of CaN inhibitor on [ 3H]-leucine incorporation of AngⅡ-stimulated cardiomyocytes and the regulation of various factors on CaN activity in cardiomyocytes.RESULTS: AngⅡ can stimulate the CaN activity in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In cardiac myocytes incubated with 10, 100, 1000 nmol?L -1 of AngⅡ for 12h, the CaN activities increased respectively by 13%,57%( P

ObjectiveTo evaluate the inter-and intra-fractional clinical target volume (CTV) positioning errors of patients receiving postoperative simplified intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIMRT) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodsTwelve patients with liver tumors underwent postoperative SIMRT.CBCT images were acquired before and after the treatment.The clipbox volume for registration included the fiducial markers in the tumor bed and excluded the ribs and vertebral bodies.If any translational parameter of setup error before treatment exceeded 3 mm or rotational parameter exceeded 3°,the treatment couch was adjusted and a verification CBCT was acquired to assess residual setup error.Automatic bone match was used.A total of 214 acquisitions of CBCTs in 111 groups were analyzed.Inter-fractional translational CTV positioning errors in left-right (x),superior-inferior (y) and anterior-posterior (z) axis were calculated in 111 groups,and intra-fractional translational CTV positioning errors in 70 groups.Clinical to planning target volume (PTV) margins were calculated according to the formula:margin =2.0 ∑ + 0.7σ ( ∑ is systematic error,σ is random error).ResultsInter-fractional translational CTV positioning errors in x,y and z axis were -0.03 mm,-0.43 mm,1.02 mm,with systematic error ( ∑ ) of 1.50 mm,5.89 mm,1.97 mm,and random error (σ) of 1.76 mm,4.13 mm,2.42 mm,respectively.Intra-fractional translational CTV positioning errors in the x,y,z axis were 0.04 mm,0.86 mm,- 0.46mm,with systematic error (∑) of 0.46 mm,1.14 mm,0.31 mm,and random error (σ) of 0.95 mm,1.38 mm,0.91 mm,respectively.The calculate CTV to PTV margins were 4.5 mm,15.0 mm,5.8 mm in the x,y,z axis,respectively.ConclusionsThe CTV errors were inevitable when patients with liver tumors received SIMRT.Fiducial markers placed in tumor bed during operation were helpful for accurate positioning error analysis.

Objective A phase Ⅰ study was conducted to determine the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose-limiting toxicity(DLT) of chemotherapy of oral doxifluridine(5-dFUR) and leucovorin with concurrent standard radiotherapy(RT) as adjuvant treatment in patients with rectal cancer. Methods Patients aged 18-75 years old, Karnofsky scored ≥70%, stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ rectal cancer after curative surgery were eligible. Total RT dose was delivered as DT 50 Gy in the fraction of 2.0 Gy per day for 5 weeks to the pelvic area. 5-dFUR was administered concurrently with radiotherapy in escalating doses, and oral leucovorin was The DLTs included grade 3 or grade 4 hematologic and nonhematologic toxicity. Results From Aug. 2005 the most common side effects although all neutropenia was less grade 3. The DLT was observed in 1 patient of RT. In the following 3 enrolled patients, one suffered grade 3 abdominal cramp pain, diarrhea, fatigue, nausea/vomit and grade 2 neutropinea and fever. Grade 3 diarrhea was also observed in all the additional 3 papatients didn't complete the scheduled concurrent chemoradiotherapy due to severe side effects,including 1 at grade 3 abdominal cramp pain,fatigue and nausea/vomit. Conclusions Diarrhea is the most common and severe side effect in this phase Ⅰ study. The MTD of doxifluridine, concurrently with RT and fixed dose of oral cramp pain is often accompanied with diarrhea and nauser/vomit when the dose of doxifluridine exceeds 550 mg/( m2 · d) or 900 mg/d,patients need to be observed carefully.