OBJECTIVE To investigate the sensitivity to vancomycin of Enterococcus in clinic and the genotype and homology of glycopeptides-resistant strains.METHODS The sensitivity to vancomycin in 72 enterococci strains was detected with agar dilution;the existence of vanA,vanB,vanC1 and vanC2 in enterococci was detected by PCR and ERIC-PCR.RESULTS More than 50% of enterococci intermediated to vancomycin were resistant to other antimicrobial agents commonly used in clinic,except for teicoplanin and linezolid.Gene of vanC2 was present in two strains,but none with vanA and vanB.The ten strains of enterococci intermediated to vancomycin were divided into eight types,in which type A(3 strains) was isolated from the same hospital.CONCLUSIONS Multidrug resistance is observed in enterococci resistant to vancomycin,which are sensitive to teicoplanin and linezolid.Gene of vanC2 is found in some of them,suggesting clone transmission happen among strains.

BACKGROUND:In vitro and in vivo studies of cel response to a variety of mechanical loadings have demonstrated the stimulation of bone formation by loads. However, the effects of different mechanical strains on the same cel s have never been adequately studied by far.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of different mechanical strains on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s.
METHODS:Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were isolated and cultured in vitro. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were subjected to different stimulations including dynamic stretch, static stretch and hybrid stretch through the use of custom-made mechanical stretch device. Cel ular proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and mRNA expression of Runx2 of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were detected and the secretion of osteocalcin was evaluated under three different stretch modes respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared to the control group, cel proliferation increased by 18.67%, however, alkaline phosphatase activity, Runx2 expression and osteocalcin secretion were not changed obviously in the static stretchgroup. Compared to the control group, alkaline phosphatase activity, Runx2 expression and osteocalcin secretion increased by 60.33%, 49.67%and 48%respectively;however, cel proliferation was inhibited, in the dynamic stretch group. Compared to the control group, cel proliferation was slightly, but not significantly, increased in the hybrid stretch group, and the alkaline phosphatase activity, Runx2 expression and osteocalcin secretion increased although the increases were not as apparent as those in the dynamic stretch group. These findings suggest that static mechanical strain can significantly promote cel proliferation, the dynamic mechanical strain more greatly promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, and the hybrid mechanical strain promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s.

AIM: To investigate the effect of glibenclamide (Glib) on the viability and acid-base equilibrium of glioblastoma cells.METHODS: U251 cells and U87 cells were treated with Glib at different concentrations.The inhibitory rates were detected by CCK-8 assay.The effective dose was screened and the experiment was divided into control group and drug treatment groups.The migration ability was monitored by wound healing assay, and intracellular pH was detected by pH indicator fluorescent probe.The protein expression levels of inwardly-rectifying potassium channel 4.1 (Kir4.1) and monocarboxylate transport protein 1 (MCT1) were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: The half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of Glib for 48 h exposure of U251 cells and U87 cells were 400.20 μmol/L and 553.70 μmol/L, respectively.The effective inhibition doses of Glib for U251 cells were from the ranges of 100 μmol/L to 1 600 μmol/L, and those for U87 cells were from 50 μmol/L to 1 600 μmol/L in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.05).Glib not only inhibited the migration (P<0.05) of U251 cells and U87 cells, which was negatively correlated with drug concentration (P<0.05), but also reduced the intracellular fluorescence intensity in experimental group (P<0.05), suggesting that with the increase in drug concentration, the intracellular pH decreased gradually (P<0.05).The protein expression of Kir4.1 and MCT1 was down-regulated by treatment with Glib, and was negatively correlated with concentration of Glib.CONCLUSION: Glib, a kind of potassium channel blocker, induces intracellular acidification via down-regulating the expression of Kir4.1 and MCT1, thus inhibiting the growth of glioblastoma in a certain dose range.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for prehospital delay in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods A total of 807 consecutive patients with AMI who presented to the emergency department of Beijing Anzhen Hospital were analyzed. The influence of several potential risk factors on the prehospital delay time (PDT) was evaluated by comparing patients admitted more than 2 hours after onset of chese pain with those admitted within 2 hours after onset. Results Among 807 patients, 402 came to the hospital within 2 hours while the others arrived at the hospital after 2 hours. The median PDT was 130 min. Among the potential variables, advanced age, history of diabetes mellitus, occurrence of symptom at night and use of emergency medical service significantly affected PDT by multivariate analysis. Conclusion Interventions aimed at reducing the prehospital delay in AMI should primarily focus on the awareness of the risk and help-seeking behavior of patients.

Objective To investigate the relationship between social network behaviors and personality.Methods Both questionnaires including self-reported Renren questionnaire and the simplified Chinese version of NEO five-factor inventory (NEO-FFI) were completed in university students (n =509).Results (1) Individuals with higher score of Extraversion used Renren applications more frequently,such as using Wall (2.26 ± 0.51,2.10±0.40,t=3.163,P=0.002),Status Update (2.58 ±0.71,2.33 ±0.62,t =3.268,P=0.001),Image (2.05±0.88,1.81 ±0.72,t=2.628,P=0.009),and Photo (2.17 ±0.49,1.96 ±0.33,t=4.409,P＜0.01).(2)Individuals with higher score of Openness of Experience were more likely to use Gift (2.01 ± 0.49,1.83 ± 0.59,t =2.870,P =0.005).(3) Individuals who were willing to use Blacklist (41.93 ± 4.41,43.07 ± 4.72,t =2.207,P =0.028) and who were willing to send private messages (42.23 ± 4.79,43.27 ± 4.55,t =2.476,P =0.014) have higher score of Agreeableness.(4) Individuals who checked messages more often had higher score of Conscientiousness (41.59 ± 6.33,40.72 ± 5.67,37.56 ± 8.33,F =7.170,P =0.001).(5) Individuals with higher score of Neuroticism were more likely to be dependent to Renren (2.91 ± 1.01,2.48 ± 1.02,t =3.815,P ＜0.01).Individuals who were more likely to express their emotions on SNS had higher score of Neuroticism (33.10 ± 6.78,32.19 ± 6.16,31.36 ± 5.77,F=3.594,P =0.010).Conclusion The data suggest that the usage of social networking sites are related to personality factors.Personality can be used to predict university students' social networking behaviors.

Objective To investigate the relationship between personality and social network profile-based information.Methods 438 college students were recruited,and Big five inventory NEO-FFI was applied to all subjects.The participants' Renren web profile information were recorded.Results ①Individuals with higher score of Extraversion had more friends (2.47 ± 0.29,2.34 ± 0.27,F =17.861,P =0.000),shared more (2.51 ± 0.56,2.32 ± 0.57,F =8.617,P =0.004),pasted more photographs (2.30 ± 0.51,2.14 ± 0.56,F =5.523,P =0.02).② There was a U shape correlation (t =2.258,P =0.024,t =2.115,P =0.035) between levels of neuroticism and numbers of blogs (0.66 ± 0.71) and photographs (1.92 ± 0.83).③There was no difference on numbers of friends (2.38 ± 0.31,2.39 ± 0.27,F =0.149,P =0.700) and e-gifts received (1.30 ± 0.52,1.26 ± 0.45,F =0.257,P=0.613) between participants of high and low levels of agreeableness.④ Individuals with higher scores in openness shared more with others(2.46 ± 0.57,2.29 ± 0.58,F =5.248,P =0.023).⑤ Individuals being more conscientious had more blogs(1.08 ±0.49,0.96 ±0.48,F=3.064,P=0.082).Conclusion There are significant differences about profile-based information among college students with different personality.

A comprehensive analytical method based on ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of active components and anti-diabetic) drugs in propolis health foods. The samples were extracted by ultrasound extraction with methanol). The insoluble residue of extract was removed by freeze-centrifuging. The analysis was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC C_(18)) column(50 mm ×1 mm, i.d., 1.7 μm) utilizing a gradient elution profile and a mobile phase of 0.3% formic acid in water and acetonitrile. The analytes were detected using an electro spray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was based on the peak area of the parent ion and two fragment ions. The LOD and LOQ level for 14 active components ranged from 0.7 mg/kg to 42.0 mg/kg and 2.2 mg/kg to 140 mg/kg respectively, and recoveries were 77.8%-113.6%, with the intra- and inter-day precision less than 15%. The LOD and LOQ level for 9 anti-diabetics) ranged from 0.1 mg/kg to 0.9 mg/kg and 0.3 mg/kg to 2.5 mg/kg respectively, and recoveries) were 79.3%-108.5%, with the intra- and inter-day precision less than 15%. The method is simple) and sensitive, and can be used for quality control of propolis.

With the development of translational medicine,medical equipment has become a booster of clinical and basic research,and the visualization of the Chinese traditional pulse diagnosis apparatus,NX-8-type pulse information acquisition and analysis system achieved the digital pulse diagnosis and sublimated the method of diagnosis.By using the visual sensing technology and image acquisition and processing technology,NX-8 displays the B-type ultra-sound images.With the parameter set and added,not only the pulse beat can be seen clearly,as well as border,thickness and deformation,and hens to perform direct analysis of the blood vessel elasticity,but also the objective observing and study of the dual diagnostic pulse,Anti-off pulse and other special physiological structure can be realized.By measuring pulse wave velocity (PWV) and other indicators,NX-8-type pulse information acquisition and analysis system provides diagnosis and significant prevention of arteriosclerosis,hypertension,high cholesterol,angina and other cardiovascular diseases,and is expected to achieve a digital auxiliary diagnostic equipment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Sizhen,and be applied to telemedicine and the field of space science and technology.It is like a milestone in the development of TCM diagnostic techniques.

During the teaching activities, to stimulate students' subject awareness and encour-age them to play the main role in class activities are inevitable trends in the reform of college educa-tion. Students’ subjective activity is a key to the teaching effect of regional anatomy, a course mainly based on experimental program. Department of Human Anatomy in Chongqing Medical University lay-outs regional anatomy teaching program to develop the students' subjective activities in learning from the course specialty: in preview and review, to train students' image-thinking by drawing; in anatomi-cal operation link, to cultivate students' interest in learning and innovation by discussing the relation-ship of anatomical structure and clinical disease and identifying the variation of structure; in the eval-uation process, taking the formative evaluation system to promote the students' initiatives and ensure the objectiveness and fairness. The implementation of these measures promotes the regional anatomy teaching quality.

Objective To explore the development and interaction of left and right ventricular function in healthy children using tissue Doppler imaging.Methods Healthy children aged 0-15 years and adolescents were recruited,then children were divided into 6 groups:0-1 year,＞ 1-3 years,＞ 3-6 years,＞ 6-9 years,＞ 9-12 years,＞ 12-15 years.Healthy adolescents aged ＞ 15-25 years were also recruited.Every subject underwent echocardiography including cardiac dimension measurements,atrio-ventricular valvular velocity and early-diastolic flow velocity(E)/late-diastolic flow evlocity(A) ratio measured by pulsed color Doppler,atrio-ventricular annular myocardial velocity (including systolic velocity (s),early diastolic velocity (e) and late diastolic velocity (a)),time intervals (including isovolumic contraction time,ejection time and isovolumic relaxation time),isovolumic acceleration (ⅣA) and Tei index measured by tissue Doppler imaging.Results were compared among different groups,the correlations with age and other factors were explored.Furthermore,comparison was done between left and right ventricular functional parameters.Results Left ventricular Tei index and isovolumic contraction time were significantly lower during puberty.From infancy to pre-school stage,left ventricular E/A (flow velocity) and e/a(tissue velocity) increased accordingly,then presented with no significant changes among the following age groups(P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences in right ventricular Tei index,ⅣA,E/A (flow velocity) and e/a (tissue velocity) among the 6 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Left ventricular systolic myocardial velocity (s) and ⅣA were significantly lower than right ventricle (all P ＜ 0.001).However,left ventricular E/e(flow velocity) and e/a(tissue velocity) were significantly greater than right ventricle (all P ＜0.001).Conclusions In healthy children,left ventricular systolic function enhances during puberty,diastolic function increases from infancy to pre-school stage,then keeps stable till adolescents.Right ventricular systolic and diastolic function present with no significant changes during growth.Left ventricular diastolic function is greater than right one,however,right ventricular longitudinal systolic function is greater than left one.