Objective: The main purpose of this research is to confirm that there are at least three subtypes of social withdrawal in childhood: reticence, passive withdrawal and active withdrawal. Each subtype had an individual correlation pattern with children s temperaments. Methods: One hundred and seventy-six Chinese children of about 4 years old participated in a serial of lab observations, during which the three subtypes of social withdrawal were assessed. And the children's mothers completed Colorado Child Temperament Inventory (CCTI) . Results: Reticence positively related to temperamental shyness (r = 0. 21 , P

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of colorectal cancer in Yongjia County, Zhejiang Province from 2020 to 2021, so as to provide insights into colorectal cancer control. Methods: Residents registered in Yongjia County at ages of 50 to 74 years were sampled, and positive populations were screened using Zhejiang Provincial Questionnaires for Assessment of Risk of Colorectal Cancer Screening among High-risk Populations and fecal occult blood test, and those positive for questionnaires or fecal occult blood test served as a positive screening. Residents with a positive screening underwent colonoscopy, and the detection of high-risk lesions (colorectal cancer and pericancer lesions) was analyzed among those positive for questionnaires, fecal occult blood test and screening. Results: Totally 102 504 residents were tested, and 46 138 (45.01%) residents completed questionnaire surveys and fecal occult blood tests. The rate of positive screening was 21.10%, and the rate of positive questionnaire surveys was 7.13%, while the positive rate of fecal occult blood test was 15.16%. The rate of positive screening was significantly higher in men than in women (27.06% vs. 17.14%; (χ2=654.747, P<0.001), and there was an age-specific proportion of positive screening (χ2=418.264, P<0.001), with high prevalence seen in residents at ages of 65 to 69 years (26.43%) and 70 to 74 years (24.98%). Colonoscopy was performed among 2 966 residents, with a compliance rate of 30.47%, and colonoscopy detected 348 residents with high-risk lesions, including 317 cases with pericancer lesions and 31 cases with colorectal cancer, with 11.73% detection of high-risk lesions and 1.05% detection of colorectal cancer. The prevalence of high-risk lesions was significantly higher in men with positive screening than in women with positive screening (15.77% vs. 7.59%; χ2=47.915, P<0.001), and there was a significant difference in the detection of high-risk lesions among residents with positive screening at different age groups (χ2=25.909, P<0.001), with a high detection in residents at ages of 65 to 69 years (14.32%) and 70 to 74 years (15.49%). Conclusions The prevalence of high-risk lesions of colorectal cancer is 11.73% among residents living in Yongjia County at ages of 50 to 74 years, and men and the elderly at ages of 65 years and older are high-risk populations for colorectal cancer. Improving the awareness of colorectal cancer prevention knowledge and the compliance of colorectal cancer screening is recommended.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect and possible mechanism of Compound Porcine Cerebroside and Ganglio-side Injection (CPCGI) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods Healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham group (n=10), model group (n=10), CPCGI low dosage group (n=10) and high dosage group (n=10), and control group (Ginkgo biloba extract, n=10). All the rats was subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for two hours and reperfusion except sham group, and received treatment for fourteen days once reperfusion started. They were tested with modified Neurological Severity Score one, three, seven and fourteen days after MCAO, and adhesive-removal test and beam-walking test fourteen days after MCAO. The expression of Beclin1, PINK1 and Parkin were detected with Western blotting. Results Compared with the model group, the Neurological Severity Score reduced (P<0.05) and the time crossing the beam reduced (P<0.01) in all the medical groups fourteen days after MCAO, and the time removing the adhesive paper reduced in the CPCGI groups (P<0.01). The expression of Beclin1 and Parkin decreased and the PINK1 level increased in the model group (P<0.01), and it was reversed in all the CPCGI groups (P<0.05). Conclusion CPCGI could relieve the cerebral ischemia-re-perfusion injury in rats through the regulation in mitophagy.

Objective To explore the relationship between different hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical time and outcome of treatment with surgical methods of HICH.Methods A total of 1310 patients were admitted from six hospitals from January 2004 to January 2008,the 1310 patients were divided into six groups according to different operation:craniotomy through bone flap (group A),craniotomy through small bone window (group B),stereotactic drilling drainage (group C1 and group C2),neuron-endoscopy operation (group D) and external ventricular drainage (group E),considering hemorrhage position,hemorrhage volume,surgical time and result of surgical methods were reviewed and analyzed.Results ①Craniotomy through bone flap should be selected with the case of superficial or deep hematoma volume (＞ 80 mL),median line structure distinct motion,metaphase or advanced stage of hernia of brain.②Craniotomy through small bone window and neuron-endoscopy should be selected with the case of moderate hematoma volume (50-80 mL) ③Drilling drainage should be selected with the case of small hematoma volume in superficial or deep hematoma volume (20-50 mL) ④Extemal drainage should be selected in dealing with ventricular hemorrhage.Small bone window or neuron-endoscopy should be selected in ventricular casting mould.⑤The appropriate operation time for patients with hematoma volume less than 80 mL should be 6-12 hours and large hematoma should be immediately operated to save lives.The operation time should depend on patients detail condition.Conclusions Craniotomy through bone flap was suitable for large hematoma and hernia of brain; Stereotactic drilling drainage should be selected in patients with hematoma volume less than 80mL; and the operation results in dealing with HICH would be improved via suitable operation time and surgical methods and adividual according to Hemorrhage position and Hemorrhage volume.

Objective:To evaluate the changes of neurocognitive function in early stage in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.Methods:In this study,73 cases of patients with first-episode schizophrenia (research group) and 75 cases of health person (control group) were selected from January 2015 to January 2016 in our hospital.The neurocognitive function was evaluated by neuro-psychological testing tool and the data between two group were compared.Results:Scores of delayed recall,total recall,3 trial,2 trial and 1 trial of research group were lower than those of control group in BVMT-R test,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).In HVLT-R test,the scores of total delay,3 trial and 2 trial of research group were significantly lower than those of control group (P＜0.05).The consuming time of dominant hands and subdominant hands in pegboard tasks were significantly higher in research group than in control group (P＜0.05).Conpletion time of connection test A,color connection 1 and 2 in connection test of research group were significantly higher than those of control group (P＜0.05).Attempt number and correct number in research group in PASAT test were significantly lower than in control group (P＜0.05).Number of search errors in research group was higher than in control group,while number of search correct,search total score and digital sign score were significantly lower than in control group (P＜0.05).Total number of words,color and color / word count in research group were lower than in control group in Stroop color word test,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).WMS-Ⅲ test results between two group had no significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion:The neurocognitive function in early stage in patients with first-episode schizophrenia has been extensively damaged.

Objective To analyze effect of the syphilis prevention and control work among female sex workers(FSWs), and provide reference data for target intervention in Guangdong province.Methods Syphilis prevalence among FSWs from 2009 to 2013 were analyzed statistically based on the data from Guangdong Provincial high-risk groups in sexually transmit-ted infection(STI)control program.Results A total of 34 338 FSWs were detected,including 23 816(69.36%)FSWs at the high-tier venues,8 811(25.66%)middle-tier,and 1 711(4.98%)low tier.The syphilis prevalence of FSWs at high-, middle-,and low-tier venues in 2009 was 2.60%,7.36%,and 10.54% respectively,and in 2013 was 1.45%,2.75%,and 21.88% respectively.Chi-square test showed a downward trend in the prevalence of syphilis among the high and middle tier FSWs in 2009-2013(χ2 =12.807,52.333 respectively,both P <0.001),and remained high among FSWs at low-tier venues(χ2 =0.027,P =0.87).The difference in syphilis prevalence in 2013 among FSWs from different types of venues was statistically significant (χ2 =190.64,P <0.001 ).No significant difference in syphilis prevalence was found among FSWs from Pearl River Delta,eastern,western and northern Guangdong(χ2 =5.24,P =0.07).Conclusion Significant difference is found in prevalence of syphilis among FSWs from different types of settings.FSWs from low-tier settings have a relatively lower syphilis testing rate but with higher infection rate.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a stroke unit combined with community health services for treating stroke survivors. Methods A total of 120 stroke patients were randomly divided into a " stroke unit combined with community medicine" group ( combined group) , a stroke unit group and a general treatment group. Patients in the former 2 groups were treated in a hospital stroke unit during their hospitali-zation. The general treatment group was given conventional medical treatment. After discharge, the combined group continued to receive regular rehabilitation therapy and guidance in the form of community medical services, while the stroke unit group received follow-up only. Assessment was by means of Fugl-Meyer scores, the Barthel index and self-rating on a depression scale ( SDS). The patients were assessed at admission, on discharge and 3 months after discharge. Results There were no significant differences in average limb motor function, ability in the activities of daily living ( ADL) or depressive mood among the 3 groups on admission, but at discharge, limb motor function and ADL ability in the combined group and stroke unit groups were significantly superior to those in the general therapy group. Limb motor function and ADL ability in the combined and stroke unit groups had improved further 3 months after discharge, with more significant improvements in the combined group. No significant change in depression was observed in any group at discharge, but average depression scores in the combined and stroke unit groups improved significantly in the 3 months after discharge, and there was a statistically significant difference between the combined group and the general group. Conclusion Supplementing the work of a stroke unit with community health services significantly improves stroke patients' recovery of limb motor function and ADL ability.

Objective To clone and identify the heat shock factors(HSFs)of Schistosoma japonicum and analyze its molec?ular structure and alternative splicing pattern. Methods The New Zealand rabbits were infected with the cercariae of Schistoso?ma japonicum and were killed and dissected 42 days post?infection,and the adult worms of S. japonicum and the livers of the rabbits were harvested. Then,the total RNA was extracted by using Trizol reagent. The Sj?hsf open reading frame(ORF)and the alternative splicing fragments were amplified by RT?PCR from the female,male and egg samples,then cloned and verified by enzyme digestion and sequencing. DNAMAN 8.0,InterPro,Mega 6 combined with the Internet databases were utilized to clarify the gene structure,functional domains,alternative splicing pattern,and the homology and phylogenetic tree of HSFs. Re?sults Sj?hsf ORF and the alternative splicing fragments were amplified from the female,male and egg samples of S. japonicum by RT?PCR. After cloning,the positive recombinant plasmids pBSjHSFf?F,pBSjHSFf?M,pBSjHSFf?E containing Sj?hsf ORF, pBSjHSFs?F,pBSjHSFs?M,pBSjHSFs?E with Sj?hsf alternative splicing fragments were identified by enzyme digestion and se?quencing. Three alternative splicing Sj?hsf isoforms were observed through sequence analysis:Sj?hsf?isoform1(2 050 bp),Sj?hsf ?isoform2(2 086 bp)and Sj?hsf?isoform3(2 111 bp);the GenBank accession numbers were KU954546,KX119143 and KX119144,respectively. All the three isoforms located in the same Contig SJC_S000780 of S. japonicum genome and all ex?pressed at female,male and egg stages,but Sj?hsf?isoform1 with a high?level expression. Sj?HSF?isoform1(671 aa)and Sj?HSF?isoform2(683 aa)had DBD(DNA binding domain),HR?A/B and HR?C domains,while Sj?HSF?isoform3(282 aa)stopped in advance without HR?C domain. Phylogenetic tree analysis of HSFs illustrated that Sj?HSFs belonged to HSF1 family,with a close phylogenetic relationship to Sm?HSFs. Conclusions There are three alternative splicing isoforms of Sj?HSF existing in the female,male and egg stages of S. japonicum,but Sj?HSF?isoform1 expresses in a high?level. This study lays the foundation for further study on molecular mechanisms of Sj?HSFs in regulating the heat shock response system.

Objective To investigate the changes and predictive value of Omentin-1 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)under different bone metabolic status.Methods A total of 120 T2DM pa-tients admitted to a hospital from June 2021 to December 2022 were selected and divided into group A(normal bone mass,T-value-1.0,36 cases),Group B(bone loss,-2.5＜T-value＜-1.0,49 cases)and group C(osteoporosis,T-value-2.5,35 cases)according to different bone mineral density.Another 50 healthy sub-jects who underwent physical examination in a hospital during the same period were selected as the healthy control group.Basic data,serum Omentin-1 and bone metabolism levels of the 4 groups were compared,and the correlation between serum Omentin-1 and bone metabolism and blood glucose levels was analyzed by Pear-son correlation analysis.Multiple stepwise regression analysis was conducted to analyze the factors affecting bone mineral density in T2DM patients.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of serum Omentin-1 level in T2DM with osteoporosis.Results The fasting blood glucose(FBG)level of groups A,B and C was higher than that of healthy control group,and the hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)of healthy control group,group A and group B were lower than that of group C,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Omentin-1,type Ⅰ procollagen N-terminal propeptide(P Ⅰ NP)and osteocalcin(BGP)in healthy control group,group A and group B were higher than those in group C,while the β-CTX sequence of type Ⅰ collagen in healthy con-trol group,group A and group B was lower than that in group C,and the difference was statistically signifi-cant(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum Omentin-1 level in T2DM patients was negatively correlated with the levels of HbA1c,HOMA-IR and β-CTX(r=-0.770,-0.807,-0.759,P＜0.05),and positively correlated with the levels of P Ⅰ NP and BGP(r=0.868,0.879,P＜0.05),but no sig-nificant correlation with FBG level(r=-0.085,P=0.152).Omentin-1,P Ⅰ NP,β-CTX,BGP,HbA1c and HOMA-IR were independent influencing factors of BMD in T2DM patients(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of serum Omentin-1 level predicting T2DM with osteoporosis was 0.835(95％CI:0.764-0.906),and when the cut-off value was 50.325 ng/mL,the sensitivity was 0.854,the speci-ficity was 0.801,and the Youden index was 0.655.Conclusion Serum Omentin-1 expression is low in T2DM patients,and its expression is closely related to bone mineral density,bone metabolism and insulin resistance in T2DM patients,and can effectively predict the occurrence of T2DM with osteoporosis.