Objective To investigate the contamination of Cd,Pb,Cu and Cr in the sediment of Guangzhou reach in Pearl River.Methods The sediments were collected in Yagang spot in April,2006.The content of heavy metals were determined,the heavy metals in the sediment were extracted with Tessier five stage sequential extraction procedure,and AAS was applied to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the sediment and extracts.Results The level of Cd,Pb,Cu,Cr were 2.29 mg/kg,217.97 mg/kg,320.60 mg/kg and 124.44 mg/kg respectively in the sediment in Yagang spot.They were higher than the background values of soil of Guangdong,and different heavy metals had different values of five forms.Cd existed as exchanged form mainly,and Cr,Pb existed as stable form mainly,so,Cd was easy to be resolved into water,Cr,Pb were relatively stable in the sediment.Conclusion The ecological risk of the four heavy metals is assessed with Hakanson potential ecological harmful index,the ecological risk of Cd is high,Cr,Pb is lower,Cu is moderate.

Objective:To evaluate the changes of neurocognitive function in early stage in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.Methods:In this study,73 cases of patients with first-episode schizophrenia (research group) and 75 cases of health person (control group) were selected from January 2015 to January 2016 in our hospital.The neurocognitive function was evaluated by neuro-psychological testing tool and the data between two group were compared.Results:Scores of delayed recall,total recall,3 trial,2 trial and 1 trial of research group were lower than those of control group in BVMT-R test,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).In HVLT-R test,the scores of total delay,3 trial and 2 trial of research group were significantly lower than those of control group (P＜0.05).The consuming time of dominant hands and subdominant hands in pegboard tasks were significantly higher in research group than in control group (P＜0.05).Conpletion time of connection test A,color connection 1 and 2 in connection test of research group were significantly higher than those of control group (P＜0.05).Attempt number and correct number in research group in PASAT test were significantly lower than in control group (P＜0.05).Number of search errors in research group was higher than in control group,while number of search correct,search total score and digital sign score were significantly lower than in control group (P＜0.05).Total number of words,color and color / word count in research group were lower than in control group in Stroop color word test,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).WMS-Ⅲ test results between two group had no significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion:The neurocognitive function in early stage in patients with first-episode schizophrenia has been extensively damaged.

BACKGROUND:MicroRNA plays an important role in the process of growth and aging of living body. To know the role of let-7d in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem celldifferentiation into neurons can promote the stem celltransplantation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of let-7d in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem celldifferentiation into neurons. METHODS:(1) The lentiviral vector of let-7d was constructed and transfected into rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The cells were divided into non-transfected group, negative control group (transfected with FU-RNAi-NC-LV), transfected enhancement group (transfected with let-7d-LV), transfected inhibition group ( transfected with let-7d-inhibition-LV). (2) Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were treated with fasudil as an inducer for triggering the cells to differentiate into neurons. The expression of neuron-specific markers, neuron-specific enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2, were measured by immunocytochemical method. The mRNA expression of microtubule-associated protein 2 was detected by RT-PCR. The viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was determined by MTT method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under inverted fluorescence microscope, the cells were successful y transfected with let-7d. Fasudil induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into neurons. The transfection efficiency and expression levels of neuron-specific enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2 in transfected enhancement group were higher than those in the negative control group (P<0.05);while in the inhibition group, they were lower than those in the negative control group (P<0.05). These findings indicate that let-7d can promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neurons induced by fasudil, and by control ing the expression of let-7d we can influence the differentiation efficiency from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to neurons.

BACKGROUND:There is no clear understanding about the effect of let-7f and interleukin-6 (IL-6) on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and their relationship.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of expression levels of let-7f and IL-6 on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and their relationship.
METHODS:(1) LV-rno-let-7f-up and LV-rno-let-7f-down were constructed and transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels of Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively. Then, there were four groups in the study: transfection upregulation group transfected with LV-rno-let-7f-up), transfection inhibition group (transfected with LV-rno-let-7f-down), negative control group (transfected with FU-RNAi-NC-LV), and untransfected group. The expression level of let-7f in each group was detected by qRT-PCR. The proliferation ability of cels and expression levels of IL-6 when let-7f expression was at different levels were detected by MTT, flow cytometry and ELISA. The expression of Cyclin D1 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. (2) To predict the potential target gene of let-7f, the wild-type/mutant IL-6 3’UTR reporter gene vectors were constructed, and cotransfected with let-7f/let-7f inhibitor respectively into the 293T cels to measure the luciferase.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the negative control group, the proliferative and cloning capacities of cels in the transfection upregulation group were higher; the number of cels was significantly decreased at G1 stage and increased at S stage, and the apoptotic cels were reduced in number (P < 0.05). However, the transfection inhibition group had opposite results. The expression level of IL-6 in the transfection upregulation group was lower than that in the untransfected group and negative control group (P < 0.05); while in the transfection inhibition group, the expression level of IL-6 was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The expression of Cyclin D1 at mRNA and protein levels was up-regulated in transfection upregulation group (P < 0.05) and down-regulated in the transfection inhibition group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the negative control group and untransfected group (P > 0.05). Luciferase activity of cels transfected with wide-type IL-6 3’UTR and let-7f was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that up-regulation of let-7f can promote the proliferative and cloning capacities of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and reduce cel apoptosis, but downrelation of let-7f exhibits an inhibitory effect. Overexpression of IL-6 can suppress the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, which is considered to be a target gene of let-7f, and let-7f may suppress the expression of IL-6 to promote the cel proliferation.

Objective:To investigate neuroprotective effect of alpinetin on ischemic stroke(IS)rats by regulating Shh/Gli1 signaling pathway.Methods:Fifteen rats were randomly collected as control group,remaining rats were used to construct an IS model.Rats that successfully modeling were randomly grouped into model group,alpinetin group(5 mg/kg),Shh/Gli1 signaling pathway inhibitor cycloparamide group(15 mg/kg)and alpinetin+cycloparamide group(5 mg/kg alpinetin+15 mg/kg cycloparamide),with 15 rats in each group,and administered once a day for two consecutive weeks,control group and model group were given equal amounts of physiological saline.Zea-Longa scoring method was applied to evaluate neural function;ELISA was applied to detect inflammatory factors levels;mass of brain tissue was weighed and water content of brain tissue was calculated;TTC staining was applied to measure volume of cerebral infarction;HE staining was applied to observe nerve cell damage;TUNEL staining was applied to detect neuronal apoptosis;qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expressions of Shh and Gli1.Results:There were no abnormalities in hippocampal tissue of control group,while hippocampal tissue structure of model group rats was abnor-mal,with disordered cell arrangement and nuclear pyknosis of nerve cells,cell damage rate,Zea-Longa score,infarct volume,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,brain tissue water content,and cell apoptosis rate in model group were obviously higher than control group(P<0.05),mRNA and protein levels of Shh and Gli1 were obviously decreased(P<0.05);compared with model group,cells in alpinetin group were arranged more neatly,and phenomenon of neuronal cell nucleus pyknosis was improved,cell damage rate,Zea-Longa score,infarct volume,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,brain tissue water content,and cell apoptosis rate were obviously decreased(P<0.05),mRNA and protein levels of Shh and Gli1 were obviously increased(P<0.05),trend of above indicators in cyclophosphamide group was opposite,ciclopramide reversed neuroprotective effect of alpinetin on IS rats.Conclusion:Alpinetin may exert neuroprotective effects on IS rats by activating Shh/Gli1 signaling pathway.

Objective To analyze the biochemical characteristics and clinical characteristics of heart failure patients with intermediate ejection fraction.Methods From June 2012 to June 2017,nine hundred and thirty patients with heart failure who were hospitalized and treated in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were selected.According to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),the patients were divided into heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction group (LVEF＜40％),heart failure with midrange left ventricular ejection fraction group (LVEF 40％-49％) and heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction group (LVEF ≥ 50％).The number of cases of acute heart failure and chronic stable heart failure was recorded.The general patient information (gender,age,body mass index (BMI),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),heart rate (HR),NYHA classification) laboratory test results (Brain Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)) and echocardiography (left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left atrium diameter (LAD),septal thickness (interventricular septum thickness,IVSD),left ventricle posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) were collected.Results The proportion of patients with acute heart failure in the midrange left ventricular ejection fraction heart failure was similar to the heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (38.0％ (35/92) vs.45.4％ (210/463),P＞0.05),but significantly higher than the heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (38.0％ (35/92) vs.10.4％(210/463),P=0.000).The proportion of NYHA class IV patients in the heart failure with midrange left ventricular ejection fraction was lower than the heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction(10.9％(10/92) vs.24.6％(114/463),P=0.000),and higher than the heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (10.9 (10/92) ％ vs.2.9％ (11/375),P =0.000).Left atrial diameter,left ventricular end diastolic diameter in the heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction were maximum ((47 ± 8) mm,(67.3 ± 9.0) mm),the heart failure with midrange left ventricular ejection fraction were medium ((44 ± 7) mm,(60.0 ± 7.5) mm),the heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction were minimum((42±7) mm,(41.7±6.1)mm),and the difference between the three groups was statistically significant (F =44.200,F =648.426,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Some biochemical and echocardiographic features of heart failure with midrange left ventricular ejection fraction patients are located between heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.The LVEDD is significantly increased in heart failure with midrange left ventricular ejection fraction and heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction group.The ventricular remodeling in heart failure with midrange left ventricular ejection fraction is similar to that of heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.

Objective To investigate the immediate effect of early acupuncture and drug treatment on cerebral arterial blood flow and the degree of nerve damage in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 100 cases acute ischemic stroke patients treated in Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University were selected from June 2021 to June 2023,using clinical random number table method,the patients were divided into acupuncture treatment group(35 cases),non acupoint acupuncture group(32 cases),and conventional drug treatment group(33 cases).After admission to the hospital,all stroke patients were treated with conventional western medicine treatment,Both acupuncture treatment group and non acupoint acupuncture group received initial acupuncture treatment on the first day of enrollment without using drugs to improve circulation.Three groups of patients were treated continuously for 14 days,and their cerebral hemodynamic indicators before and after treatment were observed,including systolic peak velocity(Vs),diastolic peak velocity(Vd),pulsatile index(PI),resistance index(RI),and mean blood flow velocity(MFV).The levels of brain nerve injury markers in patients before and after treatment were measured,and the degree of neurological impairment were evaluated using National Institute of Health stroke scale(NIHSS).Results Compared with before treatment,the Vs and MFV levels of patients in conventional drug treatment group and non acupoint acupuncture group increased after treatment(P＜0.05),and PI decreased significantly compared with before treatment(P＜0.05);The levels of Vs,Vd,and MFV in acupuncture treatment group were all increased(P＜0.05);PI and RI decreased compared to before treatment(P＜0.05);After comparing the three treatment groups,the improvement of Vs,Vd,PI,RI,and MFV in acupuncture treatment group were better than those in non acupoint acupuncture group and conventional drug treatment group(P＜0.05).The Vs,Vd,PI,RI,and MFV of patients in the acupuncture treatment group improved after the first acupuncture,and the degree of improvement was better than that of the non acupoint acupuncture group(P＜0.05).After treatment in the three groups,the levels of serum S-100 β protein,heart-type fatty acid binding protein(H-FABP),and neuron specific enolase(NSE)were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),among which the index levels in acupuncture group were lower than those in the other two groups(P＜0.05),and the NIHSS score was lower in acupuncture group after 2 weeks of treatment and 30 days of follow-up compared with non acupoint acupuncture group and conventional drug treatment group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Early acupuncture treatment can improve the blood flow of the middle cerebral artery in patients with acute ischemic stroke and reduce the degree of nerve damage.

Objective:To explore the short-term and long-term prognostic outcomes of anatomical liver resection(AR)for patients with perihilar cholangio-carcinoma. Methods:This is a retrospective study.All data were obtained from 4 centers,including The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University,Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital of Naval Medical University,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University,of a multi-center database.A total of 305 consecutive perihilar cholangiocarcinoma patients receiving radical resection between January 2013 and June 2021 were included in this study.According to the method of liver resection,all patients were divided into the AR group(n=205)and the non-anatomical liver resection(NAR)group(n=100).The baseline characteristics,short-term prognosis and long-term prognosis of the 2 groups were compared. Results:The perioperative transfusion rate and the 30-day complication rate were significantly lower in the AR group than those in the NAR group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the survival rates between the AR and the NAR groups(P＞0.05). Conclusion:The 2 hepatic resection modalities had no obvious effect on the long-term prognosis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma patients after radical resection,but choosing AR tends to achieve a better short-term prognosis and is worth promoting in clinical practice.