Objective To explore the relationship between the activation of glial cells and the change of excitatory amino acids (EAA) in the cornu dorsal medullae spinalis induced by pain due to chronic prostatitis. Methods The pain models of chronic prostatitis were induced by injecting complete Freund’s adjuvant and 3% carrageenan into the prostate of 40 rats. Another 20 rats served as normal control. Propentofylline was given with PE-10 in spinal cord of 20 rat models. The activation of astrocyte and microglia and Glu in the spinal cord was detected with immunohistochemistry and the change of excitatory amino acids was observed by amino acids analyzer. Results Activation of astrocyte and microglia was significantly increased in the models and significantly reduced in interfered groups. Glu was significantly expressed in cornu dorsal medullae spinalis, and Glu and aspartic acid (Asp) was significantly increased in the models and significantly reduced in interfered groups. Conclusion The activation of glial cells is an important reason for the change of excitatory amino acids in cornu dorsal medullae spinalis induced by pain due to chronic prostatitis of rats. Inhibitor of gliocyte activation will be a new way to treat the pain of chronic prostatitis.

ObjectiveTo summarize the initial experience of transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery of urology.MethodsFrom February 2010 to March 2011,21 patients underwent laparoendoscopic single-site surgery using transumbilical single-site and common surgical instruments of laparoendoscopic.Nine patients underwent single-site laparoscopic ureterolithotomy,5 underwent transumbilical single-site laparoscopic ureteral stricture resection and anastomosis,5 underwent transumbilical single-site laparoscopic renalcyst unroofing and 2 had a nephrectomy.All of the cases were definitely diagnosed.A single umbilical incision of 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm was made for Triport.The procedures were performed according to the methods used in classical laparoscope methods using general instruments.ResultsAll the operations were successfully completed without conversion to open surgery.The mean operative time of ureterolithotomy was 143 (120-230) min,the mean operative time of ureteral stricture resection and anastomosis was 157 (120 -180) min,the mean operative time of unroofing of renal cysts was 110 (95 -132) min,and the operative time of the nephrectomy was from 95 to 120 min.The intestinal tract function recovered within 1 -2 d,the drainage tube was removed within 2 -3 d and the postoperative hospitalization duration was 4 -7 d.The symptoms were reduced or disappeared and no major intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred within 4 - 6 months.Conclusions Transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery represents a safe and feasible operation for urologic patients.With more clinical practice,laparoendoscopic single-site surgery could be generally applied.

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC).MethodsA total of 398 patients with renal carcinoma were hospitalized from January 1999 to October 2010,and there were 18 patients with MCRCC.The data of clinical diagnosis and treatment of these cases were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsMCRCC accoumted forrenal carcinoma in the same period was 4.52％( 18/398 ).According to TNM staging,5 cases were in stage pT1N0M0,13 cases in stage pT2N0M0.There were 8 cases in G1 phase,10 cases in G2 phase.Conclusions The preoperative diagnosis of MCRCC is difficult to differentiate,and mainly based on CT,especially spiral CT.It should be treated mainly with radical nephrectomy,and nephron sparing surgery in some cases.

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of autologous blood transfusion(ABT) drainage system and simple drainage(using drainage bags) on the prognosis of patients after lumbar surgery. 【Methods】 The patients admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of our hospital from August 2018 to September 2020 who underwent posterior open lumbar internal fixation and fusion were divided into two groups according to different drainage methods adopted after surgery: 50 patients were randomly selected from the patients who received postoperative ABT system for drainage as ABT group, and 50 patients were randomly selected from the patients who received postoperative drainage by drainage bag as simple drainage bgroup(the control group). The postoperative drainage volume, actual postoperative drainage, total dominant blood loss, total autologous blood transfusion volume, as well as the postoperative anemia indexes, infection indexes and albumin levels in d1, d3 and d7 of the 2 groups were retrospectively analyzed. 【Results】 The gender, age, operation duration and operation segment of the 2 groups were comparable (P>0.05), and preoperative Hb, Hct, ALB, WBC, NE%, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative autologous blood transfusion volume and actual postoperative drainage volume were similar (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in Hb, Hct, ALB, WBC, NE% and CRP in postoperative d1, d3 and d7, as well as in preoperative and postoperative Hb, Hct and ALB, and in postoperative and preoperative WBC, NE% and CRP (P>0.05). The postoperative drainage volume (mL) and total dominant blood loss (mL) in ABT group and the control group were 554.40±176.82 vs 337.80±102.43, and 1 048.40±282.87 vs 791.80±277.02, respectively (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The use of ABT drainage system after lumbar surgery increased the drainage volume compared with simple drainage, but the improvement of anemia, albumin and infection was not obvious. ABT system should not be used routinely for drainage after lumbar surgery.