OBJECTIVE The roles of sense neuropeptides in the allergic rhinitis were investigated by observing the symptoms and changes in the level of the neuropeptides in rabbits sensitized after severing of their sphenoidpalatine or sympathetic nerve. METHODS ①SP and CGRP were observed in nasal mucosa of rabbits in four weeks. ② Twenty rabbits were divided into three groups: group C(sphenoidpalatine nerve severed),group D(sympathetic nerve severed) and group E(not operated on).Groups C and D were sensitized three days after the operation. Four rabbits were killed at two and four weeks post-operation in groups C and D. RESULTS ①There was no difference between SP and CGRP levels in four weeks. ②The levels of SP in the nasal mucosa of group C at two and four weeks after sensitization were 16.1?0.77 and 15.02?0.24, respectively. The levels of SP in group D were 34.13?1.45 and 33.23?1.99, respectively. The levels of SP in group E were 20.68?0.01 and 20.56?1.27, respectively. The level of SP in Group C was lower than in Group E. The level of SP in Group D was higher than in Group E. The level of CGRP correlates with the level of SP. CONCLUSION SP and CGRP levels are correlated with the occurrence and development of allergic rhinitis.

Objective: To study the influence of ligating different sites of carotid arteries on face and nose blood flow in rabbits. Methods:Different levels of carotid arteries were ligated using laser Doppler flowmetry to observe the change of blood flow in face and nose regions before and after operation. Results: Blood flow of rabbit nose was more than that of the face region. Among the four operations of ligating different blood vessels to reduce blood flow of face and nose region, the most effective method was to ligate ipsilateral carotid artery and its branches on the same side. Conclusion: Ligation of some relating blood vessels, resulting in the establishment of collateral circulation, and the blood flow is quicker in the early stage. [

Objective: To explore the heat injury level of vocal cord by different power of the Diomed 25 semi conductor laser so as to provide scientific evidence for clinical laser therapy of larynx diseases. Methods: Canine was used. The power of laser was set on 5, 10 and 20 W respectively, and the time of laser exposure was fixed on 2 s.When canine vocal cord was hit by laser in vivo , the depth and width of the tissue heat injury were measured. Results: When laser hit with 5, 10 and 20 W for 2 s exposure time, the corresponding depth of the tissue heat injury were 0.2 0.4,0.4 0.6,0.8 1.0 mm respectively, the corresponding width of the tissue heat injury were 1.0 1.7,1.7 2.0,2.0 2.6 mm respectively. There was significant difference between the tissue heat injury levels caused by different laser power under the same exposure time( P

BACKGROUND: Clinically Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by obscurity in onset, decline of intelligence, and dysfunctions of behavior and nerve system. The essence of AD is impairment of memory and cognition.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effective mechanism of tiaoxin recipe (TXR)and bushen recipe (BSR) in treating AD.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Geriatrics.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 60 AD patients were selected from Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Geriatrics from October 1999to January 2000.METHODS: Sixty patients with AD were divided into 3 groups, with 20in each group. The patients in TXR and BSR group took respectively TXR and BSR 10 mL once, 2 times per day. The patients in donepezil (Dp)group took a Dp capsule once a day, h.s (Dp was produced in England Boots Company, 5 mg per capsule). For a course consisted of 12 weeks.The changes of Mini mental state examination (MMSE) score, Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL) score, neuropsychological testing (NPT) score,including FULD object-memory evaluation (FOM), rapid verbal retrieval (RVR), digit span test (DS) and block design (BD), as well as the overall operational evaluation before and after treatment were analyzed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scores of MMSE, ADL, NPT and the overall operational evaluation.RESULTS: Totally 60 patients entered the final analysis. ① MMSE scores in the 3 groups were decreased after treatment as compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.01). Total effective rates were 70%, 65% and 75% respectively (P ＞ 0.05). ② ADL scores in the 3 groups were decreased after treatment as compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05or P ＜ 0.01). Total effective rates were 45%, 45% and 40% respectively (P ＞ 0.05). ③ Total effective rates were 70%, 65% and 75% respectively (P ＞ 0.05). ④ Scores of FOM were increased in the TXR and the Dp group after treatment as compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05). RVR scores in the three groups were increased after treatment as compared with tbose before treatment (P ＜ 0.05); DS scores were increased in TXR group and Dp group after treatment as compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01); and BD scores in BSR group were increased after treatment as compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUTION: TXR, BSR and Dp can improve cognitive function and daily living ability of AD patients, and TXR and BSR are effective TCM drugs in treating AD.

Objective:To investigate the surgical methods and results of enlarged translabyrinthine approachin the removal of large acoustic neuromas. Method:A large mastoidectomy involved complete exposure of sigmoidsinus, the dura behind the sinus for at least lcm, the superior petrosal sinus and the middle fossa dura. Thejugular bulb was exposed and pressed downwards if necessary. The internal auditory meatus was skeletonizedand uncovered for at least 270°. The debulking of the tumor began inside the anterior and inferior poles in orderto find the brainstem and the facial nerve root as early as possible, then the dissection of the nerve was performedmedially to laterally. Intraoperative facial nerve monitoring and postoperative CT and MRI were performed in allcases. Result:Total removal was achieved in all 18 patients with tumors larger than 3 cm (mean size:4.2 cm).There were no death as well as other complications such as intracranial infection and persistent cerebrospinalfluid leakage. There were no obvious cerebral sequela. The facial nerve was preserved both anatomically andfunctionally in 14 cases, with Grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ in 8 cases,Grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ in 6 cases. Nerve interruption occurred in4 cases who all had severe facial paralysis or nerve interruption before operation. 16 patients returned to workwithin 1～3 months. Conclusion: Total removal of large acoustic neuroma could be acomplished via thetranslabyrinthine approach, with good result of facial nerve function and minimum incidence of morbidity.

Objective: To investigate the influence of histamine content in nasal mucosa on blood flow. Methods: Sixty guinea pigs were randomly devided into control group and allergized group and guinea pigs were sacrificed before nasal challenge with allergen and immediately after nasal challenge, at 24, 48, 72 h. The content of histamine in nasal mucosa was examined. Nasal mucosa blood flow was examined in all guinea pigs before sacrifice. The data were analyzed using linear correlation and linear regression. Results: As compared with normal guinea pigs, the content of histamine and blood flow in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis guinea pigs were significantly increased before challengd with allergen( P

Objective:To investigate the value of video laryngoscope in diagnosis of laryngeal diseases. To study the effect of video laryngoscope in treatment of laryngeal diseases.Method:Pentax VNL-1530T and Olympus BF-240T video laryngoscope were used in diagnosis of 3628 cases of laryngeal diseases and in treatment of 1221 cases of laryngeal diseases.Result:3628 cases were examined by video laryngoscope,and correct diagnosis was made.768 cases of vocal cord polyp and 249 cases of vocal cord node were excised, 113 cases of foreign bodies in hypopharynx or larynx were removed.91 cases of other laryngeal diseases were treated under video laryngoscope.Conclusion: Video laryngoscope is a new excellent instrument in diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal disease.

Objective: To investigate the surgical methods and outcomes of the enlarged translabyrinthine approach in the removal of large acoustic neuromas. Methods: A large mastoidectomy involved complete exposure of the sigmoid sinus, the dura behind the sinus for at least 1 cm, the superior petrosal sinus and the middle fossa dura. The jugular bulb was exposed and pressed downwards if necessary. The internal auditory meatus was skeletonized and uncovered for at least 270°.The debulking of the tumor began inside the anterior and inferior poles in order to find the brainstem and the facial nerve root as early as possible, and then the dissection of the nerve was done medially to laterally. Intraoperative facial nerve monitoring and postoperative CT and MRI were done in all cases. Results: Total removal was achieved in all 18 patients with tumors larger than 3 cm (mean size: 4.2 cm). There were no deaths or other complications such as intracranial infection and persistent cerebrospinal fluid leakage. There were no obvious cerebral sequelae. The facial nerve was preserved both anatomically and functionally in 14 cases, with Grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ in 8 cases, Grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ in 6 cases. Nerve interruption occurred in 4 patients who all had severe facial palsy or nerve interruption before operation. Sixteen patients resumed work within 1-3 months. Conclusion: Total removal of large acoustic neuroma could be acomplished via the translabyrinthine approach, with good preservation of facial nerve function and minimum incidence of morbidity.

Objective: To investigate the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) on nerve regeneration of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles(PCM) in dogs. Methods: After transection of the laryngeal recurrent nerves, the denervated PCM were reinnervated by nerve muscle pedicle implantation in 9 dogs. The animals were divided into 3 groups: bFGF and fibrin glue(FG) group(bFGF+FG), FG group and control group. Functional recovery of PCM was observed laryngoscopically. Electrophysiological acvitity and muscle contract strength were determined. Histochemical studies were demonstrated by Karnovsky and H E stain. Results: Six months after operation, functional recovery and nerve regeneration of the PCA in bFGF+FG group were the best in 3 groups (close to normal), and functional recovery in FG group was better than that in control group. The parameters of electrophysiological acvitity and muscle contract strength were different in bFGF+FG group , FG group, and control group( P

Objective: To study the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of electronic laryngoscope in treating laryngeal diseases and discuss some problems concerned. Methods: Follow up studies were conducted in 846 patients with laryngeal diseases who were treated electronic laryngoscopically in our department and sex, site of lesion and therapeutic effect were analyzed. Results: The incidence of vocal polyp and nodules in female was significantly higher than that in male, and vise versa in vocal cyst and leukoplakia. Vocal nodules could be located bilaterally, while vocal cyst unilaterally. The operative style applied showed good therapeutic effect. The effective rate for vocal polyp, nodule, and cyst was 99.84%~100%, and that for vocal leukoplakia, 66.67%. Conclusion: Operation under electronic laryngoscope has advantages of rapid performance, small dead angle, high accuracy, few complications, clear image, and little pain, and is beneficial to early diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal diseases. So it is worthy of wide application. [