Aim To observe the effect of kanamycin on the change of Ca2+ concentration in outer hair cells caused by acetylcholine to explore the relationship between kanamycin ototoxicity and the cochlear efferent nervous system.Methods After the guinea pigs were killed by decapitation,the OHCs were isolated in artificial perilymph and divided into three groups:control group,acetylcholine(ACh) group and kanamycin + ACh group.OHCs were loaded with Fluo-3/AM for 30 min and then the change of Ca2+ fluorescence intensity was observed.Results Ca2+ fluorescent intensity in OHCs remained basically unchanged in control group,increased 3.06 times(n=6) in ACh Group,and increased 1.75 times(n=6) in kanamycin +ACh Group.Conclusions Kanamycin can obviously inhibit the increasing of Ca2+ concentration in OHCs caused by ACh.

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of female pseudohermaphroditism (FPH) in the publication from 1994 to 2009 and the cases diagnosed and treated in our hospital from 2000.Methods We employed Chinese and English name of female pseudohermaphroditism as a key word separately to retrieve published articles of FPH during 1994 to 2009.A meta-analysis was performed together with the ten cases in our hospital.Results Among 342 cases involved in this study,only twenty-seven children were diagnosed immediately after birth and the other 315 cases at the age of 1 month to 59 years with median age of 29.54 years.The etiological factors were mostly congenital adrenal hyperplasia (70.47%).Clinical manifestations were advanced bone age (95.52%),clitoromegaly (84.14%) and early virilization (77.24%).The treatment mainly included drug and operation.Early diagnosis and available therapy were very important for the prognosis.Conclusion FPH is not rare,so we should improve our knowledge for its early diagnosis,good intervention and final better prognosis.

Objective To observe the effects of nonylphenol(NP)on the intracellular calcium concentration changes and cell proliferation,and the involvement of GPR30 receptor in H9c2 cell. Methods The intracellular calcium concentration changes were recorded by using intracellular calcium determination method and cell proliferation was observed by MTT method in H9c2 cell. Results NP(1×10-10 mol/L)increased the intra?cellular calcium concentration changing amplitude and promoted the proliferation of H9c2 cells,while NP(1×10-6 mol/L)decreased intracellular calcium concentration changing amplitude and suppressed cell proliferation. G15 could block the promoting effect of 1×10-10 mol/L NP on the intracel?lular calcium concentration and cell proliferation,but could not block the inhibition of 1×10-6 mol/L NP on the intracellular calcium increase and cell proliferation. Conclusion The results indicate that NP affect rapid calcium signal changes and cell proliferation in non?monotonic dose dependent manner,and its mechanism may be due to the different involvement of GPR30 receptor in different concentrations.