Objective: To evaluate the preemptive analgesia of intravenous tramadol preoperatively in neck-surgery. Methods: Eighty patients, ASAⅠ-Ⅱ,were scheduled for neck-surgery under local anesthesia. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups (40 cases/group).In group P intravenous tramadol was administered as a bolus dose of 3mg/kg 15min prior to skin incision. Group C received saline as a placebo. The patients-controlled analgesia(PCA) devices were used in all patients after operation. We observed BP, HR,VAS score, the time of first PCA activation, the valid number of press PCA and the total consumption of analgesic after operation. Results:The postoperative VAS was markedly lower in group P compared with the group C in 0-24h( P

The macroscopic characteristics, tissue, caterpillar body wall and powder of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis in different batch numbers were observed and researched by the macroscopic and microscopic identification methods. The result shows that the morphology, size, abdominal annulations of caterpillar, etc. of 0. xuefengensis are the macroscopic identification characteristics, the caterpillar body surface mycelium, body wall sculpture and crochets on abdominal legs are the microscopic identification characteristics. These characters are stable and regular discriminant features, which are proved to be the identification basis of O. xuefengensis. In addition, The characters such as crochets on abdominal legs arrange in two parallel ellipse rings, the inner crochets are long strip, and the external toes are unciform, are specific.
Animals ; Hypocreales ; cytology ; Moths ; anatomy & histology ; cytology ; microbiology

AIM: To understand the epidemiology and related factors of strabismic amblyopia of students of primary school, and to provide guidances for the prevention and control strategy.
METHODS: A total of 600 cases of primary school students of Leshan City, Jiajiang County were given vision, oblique incidence and ocular and other screening. The prevalence rate of poor eyesight of strabismus, amblyopia prevalence rate of different sexes, ages were compared, and the degree of amblyopia and strabismus of children with different types of amblyopia and whether or not had stereoscopic vision were counted.
RESULTS: The prevalence rate of amblyopia and strabismus prevalence rate were respectively 4. 0% and 2.5%;With the growth of all age, low vision of students was significantly decreased, the difference of comparison of low vision rate of each age had statistical significance (P<0. 05), but different ages, strabismus prevalence of different sexes, amblyopia prevalence were compared, the difference had no significant differences ( P>0. 05 );Ametropic amblyopia was the main type, accounting for 55. 6%, and the degree of amblyopia mainly was light, moderate; ametropic amblyopia, most of ametropic amblyopia and strabismus had stereo vision, but there were no stereopsis of most of the strabismic amblyopia and all esotropia.
CONCLUSION:Ametropic is mainly type of amblyopia, the prevalence of relationship between the incidence of strabismic amblyopia of primary school students and sexes is not obvious, but the oblique amblyopia treatment effect, such as the establishment of stereoscopic vision and the age, eye position has a close relationship, should be early discovered, early treatment.

Autonomic nervous system activation can result in significant changes of atrial electrophysiology and facilitate induction of atrial fibrillation. By recording influence of different concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) on atrial fibers (AF), we investigated the role of the increased vagal tone in electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation. Parameters of action potentials and force contraction (Fc) in atrial fibers were recorded by using standard intracellular microelectrode technique and force transducer. It was found that: (1) ACh at 0.1 μmol/L had no significant influence on spontaneous action potentials (SAPs) and Fc (n=6, P>0.05); ACh at both 1.0 and 10.0 μmol/L shortened action potential duration (APD) and Fc of human AF from right atrium (n=6, P<0.05); there was no significant difference in shortening APD between 10.0 and 1.0 μmol/L of ACh; (2) ACh at 0.1 μmol/L had no significant desensitization (n=6, P>0.05), but ACh at 1.0 and 10.0 μmol/L had desensitization (n=6, P<0.05) to SAPs and Fc. The desensitization of ACh on APD in AF was concentration- and time-dependent. It was shown that APD was longer than the control along with extending time of continuous Tyrode's solution perfusion after desensitization. It is concluded that ACh changes the electrophysiological characteristics of human AF, indicating that increased vagal tone plays a role in the development of a vulnerable substrate for atrial electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation.

Three strains having degrading poly(?-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB) activity were isolated from activated sludge of different ecological environments and areas,named DS9701, DS9710 and DS9713.The properties of PHB depolymerase produced by DS9701, DS9710 and DS9713 were studied. All the PHB depolymerases are extracellular enzyme and are induced enzyme. The time that enzyme activities of the PHB depolymerases reach the maximum is 96 hours after inoculation. The apparent optimal temperature range for crude enzymes extract is 40℃～45℃.

More and more evidence from over 50 years of researches on the effects of electromagnetic radiation on male reproduction show that a certain dose of electromagnetic radiation obviously damages male reproduction, particularly the structure and function of spermatogenic cells. The mechanisms of the injury may be associated with energy dysmetabolism, lipid peroxidation, abnormal expressions of apoptosis-related genes and proteins, and DNA damage.
Animals ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; DNA Damage ; radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Electromagnetic Radiation ; Energy Metabolism ; radiation effects ; Genitalia, Male ; radiation effects ; Lipid Peroxidation ; radiation effects ; Male ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Reproduction ; radiation effects

OBJECTIVETo inquire into the relationship between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene D9N, N291S and S447X polymorphisms and the development of cardiovascular diseases in children with obesity.

METHODSThe polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RLFP) techniques were used to detect three common mutations of LPL gene exon D9N, N291S and S447X in 157 obese children and 175 normal controls. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels between children with different genotypes were compared.

RESULTSThe D9N and N291S gene mutations were not detected in either the obese or the control groups. There were no significant differences in the frequency of S447X gene mutation between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the levels of plasma lipid and lipoprotein between children with S447 and X447 genotypes.

CONCLUSIONSD9N and N291S gene mutations may not be risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases in children with obesity. S447X gene mutation might not play an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases in childhood.

Adolescent ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; genetics ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Obesity ; genetics ; Risk Factors

Autonomic nervous system activation can result in significant changes of atrial electrophysiology and facilitate induction of atrial fibrillation.By recording influence of different concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) on atrial fibers (AF),we investigated the role of the increased vagal tone in electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation.Parameters of action potentials and force contraction (Fc) in atrial fibers were recorded by using standard intracellular microelectrode technique and force transducer.It was found that:(1) ACh at 0.1 μmol/L had no significant influence on spontaneous action potentials (SAPs) and Fc (n=6,P＞0.05); ACh at both 1.0 and 10.0 μmol/L shortened action potential duration (APD) and Fc of human AF from right atrium (n=6,P＜0.05); there was no significant difference in shortening APD between 10.0 and 1.0 μmol/L of ACh; (2) ACh at 0.1 μmol/L had no significant desensitization (n=6,P＞0.05),but ACh at 1.0 and 10.0 μmol/L had desensitization (n=6,P＜0.05) to SAPs and Fc.The desensitization of ACh on APD in AF was concentration- and time-dependent.It was shown that APD was longer than the control along with extending time of continuous Tyrode's solution perfusion after desensitization.It is concluded that ACh changes the electrophysiological characteristics of human AF,indicating that increased vagal tone plays a role in the development of a vulnerable substrate for atrial electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation.

Objective:To statistically analyze the prescription writing norms of narcotic drugs for injection in the operation room and inpatient area of our hospital to improve the prescription writing quality and the efficiency of management. Methods:A retrospec-tive research method was adopted, and 17 103 prescriptions for narcotic drugs for injection in the operation room and inpatient area were collected and analyzed from June to August in 2014. Results:The irregular proportion of prescriptions of narcotic drugs for injec-tion was 9. 05%, and the abnormal item was lack of the text. The proportion of prescriptions using residual amount and needing to be marked was 4. 01%. Conclusion: Improving the management and unifying the prescriptions of narcotics, or applying the electronic prescription if allowed will improve the quality of prescriptions of narcotics and achieve the purpose of fine management.

Objective: To investigate the effect of RetroNectin on CIKs cells and the related mechanisms. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from patients and divided into two groups: group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ. Samples in group Ⅰ were seeded into culture flask precoated with RetreNec-tin and CD3mAb to induce CIKs. While samples in group Ⅱ were seeded into common culture flask. The pro-liferation of CIKs was detected by cytometric analysis. The cytotoxic activity of CIKs was determined by LDH assays. The phenotype changes and cell cycle of CIKs were identified by flow cytometry. The apoptosis of cells was detected by Annexin V/PI. Western blot was employed to detect the level of protein Vav1. The CD49d and CD49e were blocked by anti-CD49d and anti-CD49e and the proliferation of cells was tested by cytometric analysis after the blockage. The phenotype changes of cells were identified by flow cytometry after the blockage. Results: RetroNectin enhanced the proliferation of CIKs (P<0.05). Flow cytometric analysis showed that RetroNectin significantly increased the number of CD25+ T cells (P<0.05). RN-CIK was more ac-tive than CIK in killing HCT-8 cell lines in vitro (P<0.05). RetroNectin could block the CIKs at G_1 phase (P<0.05) and resist apoptosis. There was no significant difference in the proliferation between the two groups af-ter the blockage with CD49d and CD49e (P>0.05). The expression of protein Vavl was associated with CD25+T cells. Conclusion: RetroNectin enhances the proliferation of CIKs by influencing the cell cycle, resist-ing apoptosis possibly through the site of CD49d and CD49e, and inducing T cell activation as the second sig-naling through Vav1.