Gastric cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in digestive system. The incidence of gastric cancer in China is higher than that in developed countries. The prognosis of gastric cancer is closely related to the stage of cancer, and the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer is poor. Improving the detection rate of early gastric cancer is the key to improve the survival of patients with gastric cancer. Endoscopic technology developed rapidly in recent years,various forms of endoscopy have been applied in clinical practice,and the detection rate of early gastric cancer was increased. This article reviewed the advances in study on endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

To study the immunopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis of hepatic angiomyolipoma(AML).Methods:Thirty-six surgically resected hepatic AML were investigated clinicopathologically and immunohistochemically with 10 antibodies.Results:Hepatic AML occurred in 21 females and 15 males,with the mean age of 41.6 years(26-60 years old).The patients with AML often had no special symptoms even had large space-occupying lesions in the liver.The diameter of AML was 2.5 cm to 14 cm(mean 6.8 cm).Histologically,AML was composed of varying heterogeneous mixture of 3 tissue components:blood vessels,smooth muscle and adipose cells.Extramedullary hemopoiesis sometimes existed.According to tissue components,AML was subcategorized into mixed type(19.4%,n=7),lipomatous type(11.1%,n=4),myomatous type(66.7%,n=24),and angiomatous type(2.8%,n=1).The epithelioid smooth muscle cells were sensitive to HMB-45(100%),SMA(100%),and CD117(66.7%) staining.Conclusion:Hepatic AML often contains smooth muscle elements,which have varied morphological features and should be carefully differentiated from hepatocellular carcinoma,mesenchymal hamartoma，and tumors with rich fat or blood vessels.Immunohistochemical staining with HMB-45 and SMA are the best available markers for the diagnosis of hepatic AML.

Objective To investigate the effect of bilateral sacrospinous ligament fixation by Pavlik harness method in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Methods Sixty patients with POP received operation were divided into bilateral sacrospinous ligament fixation by Pavlik harness method group (study group,30 cases),posterior intravaginal sling plasty group (P-IVS group, 15 cases) and sacrospinous ligament fixation group (SSLF group, 15 cases) by random digits table. The data of the three groups, such as operation time, bleeding during the operation, indwelling urinary catheter time, duration out of bed after operation, cure rate, recurrence rate and the quality of sexual life were observed. Results The operation time in study group [( 30.5 ± 5.3 ) min] was significantly shorter than that in SSLF group [(43.5 ± 10.6) min](P ＜ 0.05 ), and the duration out of bed in study group [( 1.5 ± 0.6) d] was earlier than that in SSLF group [(3.1 ±0.7) d] and P-IVS group [(3.3 ±0.8) d](P＜0.05). The POP-Q stage of all the patients being hospital was 0 or Ⅰ , approached the cure standard. Patients were followed up for 3-16 months after operation, the recurrence rate and the decrease of the quality of sexual life in study group [0,3.3%(1/30)]were lower than those in P-IVS group [20.0%(3/15),13.3%(2/15)] and SSLF group[6.7%(1/15),26.7%(4/15)] (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Bilateral sacrospinous ligament fixation by Pavlik harness method is a simple, firm operation, and the position of vagina does not axialitily change and suits the anatomy, so it is effective and worth spreading clinically to treat the POP.

Resveratrol(RES)is a kind of antitoxin material produced by plant angainst fungi,it has many biological activites, which can restrain a variety of microorganisms.RES was reviewed in this paper with a variety of inhibition microbial func-tions in recent years,and summarized the antibacterial mechanisms of interfering with cell wall protein synthesis,cell mem-brane damage and RsbA mediating antibacterial factor formation.

Objective To investigate the effects of BKCa channel on electrophysiology excitatory regulation in MVN neuron following hypoxia and to reveal its molecular mechanism.Methods C57BL/6 mices were performed MVNs hypoxia mice model,and randomly allowed to normal oxgen group and hypoxia group.The hypoxia group, according to the application of NS1 6 1 9 ,was further divided into the no NS1 6 1 9 pretreatment group and NS1 6 1 9 pre-treatment group.Using the patch clamp experiment technology,we recorded the effects of the MVN abnormal neu-ronal firing and the change of the BKCa currents.Using immunohistochemical technique,the changes of BKCa in the hypoxic MVNs detected were.Results Acute hypoxia increased neuronal activities.NS1619 pretreatment de-creased hypoxia-induced firing rate,and increased and postponed the maximum increase by hypoxia(P<0.05),al-so alleviated 10-min-hypoxia-induced depolarization(P<0.05).Perfusion with hypoxic significantly reduced the BKCa positive neurons(P<0.05).Conclusion These findings suggest that acute hypoxia increases neuronal activi-ties.The decreased MVN BKCa channels contribute to hypoxia-induced abnormal neuronal activities.

Objective To investigate the economic losses in kidney transplant patients with healthcare-associated lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI).Methods All transplant patients in a hospital from 2008 to 2012 were in-vestigated,patients with LRTI were in infection group(n=45),and patients without LRTI were in control group(n=266),hospitalization expenses and hospitalization days between two groups were compared.Results A total of 383 kidney transplant patients were included in the study,the incidence of LRTI was 11 .75% (n=45),median ex-pense of infection group and control group was ￥79 291 .82 and ￥72 185.14 respectively,the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05).The largest increased expense in patients with LRTI was medicine (increased by￥5 429.82),medicine and examination expense in infection group were significantly higher than control group (￥39 123.17 vs ￥33 693.35;￥702.52 vs ￥593.73;P <0.05 ).The median hospitalization days in infection group and control group was 28.38 days and 21 .47 days respectively,there was significant difference between two groups(P <0.05 ).Conclusion Kidney transplant patients with LRTI suffer from a heavy financial burden,and their hospitalization days are prolonged,so measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of LRTI and save limited medical resources.

Objective To explore influence of norm-setting three-stage rehabilitation training on hemiplegic stroke patients with movement and cognitive dysfunction. Methods A prospective randomized controlled study and stepwise linear regression analysis was carried out to investigate the early variation factors, which affected the integrated functional recovery of stroke patients. According to variation factors we established our norm-setting three-stage rehabilitation training program. 200 patients were randomly selected, according to the cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage classification, and then randomly divided into the rehabilitation group and the control group with 100 patients in each group. All patients accepted general neurology routine nursing. The rehabilitation group was given an extra norm-setting three-stage rehabilitation training. The improvement of motor and cognitive function were observed. Results The early variation factors of integrated functional outcome were treatment programs, CNFD score, age, diabetes, SFMA score, smoking and the intensity of labor within six months since stroke onset. Movement and cognitive function of the rehabilitation group significantly improved than the control group as well as upon admission on the first, 3rd and 6th months since stroke onset. Conclusions The norm-setting three-stage rehabilitation training obviously promotes the improvement of motor and cognitive function at all stages.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of nosocomial infections(NI)and the use of antibacterials in pediatric department,find the problems in management of hospital infection and provide the scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures.METHODS By bed-visiting and patients' medical records checking,we filled out unified case questionnaire.All patients were investigated on August 22,2007.RESULTS Of the 86 patients investigated,the prevalence rate of NI was 4.65%.There were 19 kinds of antibiotics used daily.The daily antibiotics use rate was 95.35%;all of the infection sites were in upper respiratory tract and delivering rate of bacterial culture was only 14.63%.CONCLUSIONS Management and training should be strengthened on antibacterial drug in the pediatric department.The reasonable use of target antibiotics could prevent the abuse ment.

Objective To investigate the direct economic losses caused by healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)and acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL).Methods All acute leukemia (AL)adult patients who were admitted to a hematology ward in a hospital between January 201 1 and December 2013 were included in the study,HAI group(case group)and non-HAI group (control group),ALL group and ANLL group were matched respectively in a 1:1 ratio,hospitalization expenses and length of hospital stay were compared.Results A total of 994 patients were included,166 were with ALL,828 with ANLL,there were 181 pairs of case group and control group,and 15 pairs of ALL group and ANLL group. Direct economic los-ses in ALL group and ANLL group were 13 089.0 ￥ and 21 565.0 ￥ respectively ;extension of length of hospital stay due to HAI were 10.5 and 10.0 days respectively,differences were statistically significant between case group and control group (both P<0.05). The total hospitalization expense,as well as fees for bed,consultation,treat-ment,laboratory examination,nursing,medicine,traditional Chinese medicine,and blood transfusion in ANLL group were all higher than ALL group,but there were no significant difference.Conclusion HAI in patients with AL can increase hospitalization cost and prolong length of hospital stay.